Chapter 2. c; carbon H-N-H H-C-H O=C=O. Fill in the spaces in the first three columns of Table 2A. I Then, for each

Transcription

1 Fill in the spaces in the first three columns of Table 2A. I Then, for each The Chemistry of Life CLASSSECTION DATE Chapter 2 NAME ni pii rims ( ( )( )I I Ofl hum group an )IT) Rh. and I )\vlcn carbon n(mo\- I carbon atom c; carbon N, 2 nitrogen atoms methane 4 hydrogen atoms and I car bon atom atoms and I nitrogen atom 3 3 hydrogen NH hydrogen atom and 1 carbon 2 oxygen atoms H, water or Symbol Name Atoms Structural Formula Chemical Formula TABLE 2A1 Chemical Formula or Symbol matches it. Draw the structural formula in the last column. substance listed, select from Figure 2A. I the structural form ii L that Activity 2A FIGURE 2A.1 F1 H-C-H H II H-N-H C Atoms and Molecules - O=C=O H-H \ i H g

2 21120 letters of the alphabet. The first letter (if there ore two) is always A number in front of the symbol indicates the number of or A Chemical symbols represent chemical molecule. a product? C0 MCI after the symbol indicates the number of Practice! N2 NaOH IC 2C2H50H 6C6H in a and contain or a reactant? a chemical equation? What is Look Ahead Substance. # of atoms # of molecules Evaluate the following: The difference between atoms & molecules

3 Name Date PROBLEM SOLVING Analyzing Data The information below is from part of the periodic table. Use this information to answer the questions that follow IA VIII 1 4 H i ha ii1vbve VIB Vll He Li Be B C N 0 F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in each of the following atoms? lithium Magnesium Carbon Oxygen p e= p= p= 0= e= e= e= 2. Diagram each of these atoms, showing the placement of the protons, neutrons. and electrons. Lithium Oxygen Carbon Chlorine p= n= 3. Indicate the charge of each of the following ions: a. lithium c. boron b. ber llium d. nitrogen e. oxygen f. fluorine 4. Look at the three atoms in Column IA. When they ionize, what do they have in common? 5. Look at the two atoms in Column ha. When they ionize, what do they have in common? 6. Look at the two atoms in Column VIB, When they ionize, what do they have in common? 7. Look at the two atoms in Column VhS. When they ionize, what do they have in common? 8. What do the atoms m Column VIII have in common? t 5i.,-r Burdet Cor.panv Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 17

4 3. What is Name CHAPTER CHECKUP Date, The Nature of Matter 1. What is matter? 2. Fill in the chart below. SUBATOMIC PARTICLE CHARGE MASS (amu) Proton Neutron Electron 3. Fill in the chart below. If the atom does not usually ionize, fill in the blank with an X ELEMENT ATOMIC MASS NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF CHARGE NUMBER NUMBER PROTONS NELRONS ELECTRONS OF JON Sodium Calcium Oxygen 8 8 Chlorine Carbon 6 12 Neon I 4. What is an ionic compound? 5. What is a molecule? Interactions of Matter 1. How many atoms are represented by the following chemical formulas? c. 2NH 3 b.c12h Describe in words the following balanced equation. d. M2O3 2AJ + 3d 2 ) 2A1CI 3 a mixture? 4. Give an example of each of the following types of mixtures: solution, suspension, colloid. 5. Distinguish between a solution and a suspension. 18 Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry C Shet Burden Conipan.

5 Helium 2e the correct number of electrons for each shell (example: helium, 2ej. [p.23] 13. Identify each element in the following figure by the number of protons and neutrons given. Then fill in 14 Chapter Two 25] hydrogen bond [p [p.24] covalent bond [p.24] ionic bond [p.24] ion Boldfaced Terms bond [p.251, polar covalent bond [p.25] Selected Words: share [p.24], double covalent bond [p.25], triple covalent bond [p.25], nonpolar covalent 2.4. BONDS IN BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES [pp.24-25] a b \.6n). \ \. \ \ 7 1 \ 7 \. \ I ( (jn \ 1 \ \ S \ \ C d \\\ ::z:_, \ 18n) Ij \ -.. \ Identification

6 Identification Identification 2. Complete the diagram of these chemical reactions by placing electrons (as dots) in the outer shells to 3. Describe the role hydrogen bonds play in the structure of large molecules such as DNA. [p.25], \ \ Life s Chemical Basis 15 Short Answer - H20 Z Nz_ \\ by completing electron structures to form a water molecule. [pp.24 25] identify the nonpolar covalent bonding that forms oxygen gas. Similarly, identify polar covalent bonds 2 Mg0l ci charge\ i8n, ) charge \ \_ 1 \ - 8e charge I () tii \ I ( ) I 2e I -- ci 7 the outer shell of the two chlorine atoms Then enter the charge of each atom in the parentheses [p 24] in the outer shell of magnesium In the diagram of the final molecule enter the number of electrons m 1 Complete the diagram of this chemical reaction by showmg with arrows what happens to the electrons