Covalent Compounds AKA Molecular Compounds

Transcription

1 Name: Covalent Compounds AKA Molecular Compounds Covalent Compounds (AKA molecular compounds) are formed when two nonmetals join together. These compounds share electrons and form covalent bonds. These bonds are much weaker than ionic bonds. Nonmetals combine in more than one ratio therefore we must use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms in each element in the formula. Prefixes are placed in front of the element name Prefix Mono 1 Di 2 Tri 3 Tetra 4 Penta 5 Hexa 6 Hepta 7 Octa 8 Nona 9 Deca 10 Number When we name these molecules it is important that we also identify how many atoms of each element are present. Rules: The first element in the name and formula of a binary molecular compound is usually the one that is farther to the left on the periodic table: for example carbon is further left than oxygen. (Hydrogen is the only exception) If the first element only has one atom, then just write the name of the element. If it has more than one atom, add the prefix to the element name. The second element always has a prefix for its number of atoms and the suffix -ide is added to the ending of the element name. When two a s or o s will appear next to each other we drop one Ex. CO would be carbon monoxide NOT carbon monooxide

2 EXAMPLE: CCl 4 (one atom of carbon: four atoms of chlorine) Answer: Carbon Tetrachlolride Nitrogen and Oxygen form a wide variety of different covalent compounds with different properties. 1) Dinitorgen tetraoxide is used in rocket fuels. What is the formula? 2) NO 2 is a toxic brown gas that is found in smog in urban areas. What is its name? 3) NO is a compound that acts to widen blood vessels, which can lessen chest pain in patients. The patient takes nitro-glycerine pills, which react in the body to form NO. What is the name of the compound? Name or write the formula for each of the following Covalent compounds H 2 O CF 4 BF 3 SiO 2 Sb 2 Te 3 diphosphorus pentaoxide boron mononitride boron tribromide trihydrogen mononitride carbon tetraiodide

3 Name: Covalent Compounds AKA Molecular Compounds Covalent Compounds (AKA molecular compounds) are formed when two nonmetals join together. These compounds share electrons and form covalent bonds. These bonds are much weaker than ionic bonds. Nonmetals combine in more than one ratio therefore we must use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms in each element in the formula. Prefixes are placed in front of the element name Prefix Mono 1 Di 2 Tri 3 Tetra 4 Penta 5 Hexa 6 Hepta 7 Octa 8 Nona 9 Deca 10 Number When we name these molecules it is important that we also identify how many atoms of each element are present. Rules: The first element in the name and formula of a binary molecular compound is usually the one that is farther to the left on the periodic table: for example carbon is further left than oxygen. (Hydrogen is the only exception) If the first element only has one atom, then just write the name of the element. If it has more than one atom, add the prefix to the element name. The second element always has a prefix for its number of atoms and the suffix -ide is added to the ending of the element name. When two a s or o s will appear next to each other we drop one Ex. CO would be carbon monoxide NOT carbon monooxide

4 EXAMPLE: CCl 4 (one atom of carbon: four atoms of chlorine) Answer: Carbon Tetrachlolride Nitrogen and Oxygen form a wide variety of different covalent compounds with different properties. 1) Dinitorgen tetraoxide is used in rocket fuels. What is the formula? 2) NO 2 is a toxic brown gas that is found in smog in urban areas. What is its name? 3) NO is a compound that acts to widen blood vessels, which can lessen chest pain in patients. The patient takes nitro-glycerine pills, which react in the body to form NO. What is the name of the compound? Name or write the formula for each of the following Covalent compounds H 2 O CF 4 BF 3 SiO 2 Sb 2 Te 3 diphosphorus pentaoxide boron mononitride boron tribromide trihydrogen mononitride carbon tetraiodide

5 Name: Covalent Compounds AKA Molecular Compounds Covalent Compounds (AKA molecular compounds) are formed when two nonmetals join together. These compounds share electrons and form covalent bonds. These bonds are much weaker than ionic bonds. Nonmetals combine in more than one ratio therefore we must use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms in each element in the formula. Prefixes are placed in front of the element name Prefix Mono 1 Di 2 Tri 3 Tetra 4 Penta 5 Hexa 6 Hepta 7 Octa 8 Nona 9 Deca 10 Number When we name these molecules it is important that we also identify how many atoms of each element are present. Rules: The first element in the name and formula of a binary molecular compound is usually the one that is farther to the left on the periodic table: for example carbon is further left than oxygen. (Hydrogen is the only exception) If the first element only has one atom, then just write the name of the element. If it has more than one atom, add the prefix to the element name. The second element always has a prefix for its number of atoms and the suffix -ide is added to the ending of the element name. When two a s or o s will appear next to each other we drop one Ex. CO would be carbon monoxide NOT carbon monooxide

6 EXAMPLE: CCl 4 (one atom of carbon: four atoms of chlorine) Answer: Carbon Tetrachlolride Nitrogen and Oxygen form a wide variety of different covalent compounds with different properties. 1) Dinitorgen tetraoxide is used in rocket fuels. What is the formula? 2) NO 2 is a toxic brown gas that is found in smog in urban areas. What is its name? 3) NO is a compound that acts to widen blood vessels, which can lessen chest pain in patients. The patient takes nitro-glycerine pills, which react in the body to form NO. What is the name of the compound? Name or write the formula for each of the following Covalent compounds H 2 O CF 4 BF 3 SiO 2 Sb 2 Te 3 diphosphorus pentaoxide boron mononitride boron tribromide trihydrogen mononitride carbon tetraiodide