CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology"

Transcription

1 CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology Lecture 8 Chapter 2 Synthe1c Organic Chemicals Assistant Professor (OG) Department of Chemical Engineering 1

2 Overview of topics Chapter 2 SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS Methanol and Formaldehyde Ethylene dichloride and vinyl chloride Isopropanol and acetone Benzene 17/02/11 2

3 Overview of topics Chapter 2 SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS 1 2 Methanol and Formaldehyde Ethylene dichloride 3

4 Methanol Methanol (CH 3 OH) Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a chemical with formula CH 3 OH (owen abbreviated MeOH). It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, vola1le, colorless, flammable, liquid with a dis1nc1ve odor that is very similar to but slightly sweeter than ethanol (drinking alcohol). 4

5 Methanol Raw materials Synthesis gas (Star1ng material) KMNO 4 removes the traces of ketones, aldehydes and other impuri1es Steam 5

6 Methanol Methods of produc;on Cataly1c hydrogena1on of carbon monoxide (Synthesis gas) Oxida1on of LPG (Propane and Butane) Chemical Reac;ons (exothermic) Main reac1on : CO + 2H 2 CH 3 OH; ΔH = kcal Side reac1on : CO + 3H 2 CH 4 + H 2 O; ΔH = kcal 2CO + 2H 2 CH 4 + CO 2 ; ΔH = kcal 6

7 Methanol CO+H 2 (Synthesis Gas) KMnO 4 Catalysts: Oxides of Zn, Cr, and Mg Water and Steam Recycle gas from storage Tank Process Methanol Heavy Alcohols Ether 7

8 Methanol (Dimethyl ether) Condenser Condenser Feed and Recycle gas mix point Catalyst Used: Oxides of Zn, Cr, and Mg deg. C Storage Tank Cooler 2.25 mole ra1o of CO + H2 Compressor atm De pressurized Reboiler Methanol Tower Reboiler CSTR (Traces of Ketones and Aldehydes are removed) Balasubramanian S 8

9 Methanol Uses of Methanol Used to manufacture formaldehyde Used as solvent in laboratories Used to manufacture silicones (Methyl chloride) Used in the fuel cells Used as an an1- freezing agent in pipelines 9

10 Formaldehyde Formaldehyde (HCHO or CH 2 O) Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a characteris1c pungent odor. It is an important precursor to many other chemical compounds, especially for polymers. Raw materials Methanol Air Water 10

11 Formaldehyde Methods of produc;on Cataly1c oxida1on and dehydrogena1on of methanol Oxida1on of Methane or LPG (Propane and Butane) Pyrolysis Chemical Reac;ons (Exothermic oxida;on and Endothermic dehydrogena;on) Oxida1on : CH 3 OH + ½ O 2 HCHO + H 2 O; ΔH = kcal Methanol + Oxygen Formaldehyde + Water Dehydrogena1on : CH 3 OH HCHO + H 2 ; ΔH = kcal Methanol Formaldehyde + Hydrogen 11

12 Formaldehyde Catalyst: Oxides of Ag and Cu Pressure: 0.2 atm OC 15% Unconverted methanol Methanol to Air Ra1o: 30 50% Preheater Preheater Balasubramanian S 12

13 Formaldehyde Uses of Formaldehyde Used to manufacture phenolic resins Used to manufacture urea Used to manufacture melamine resins 13

14 Overview of topics Chapter 2 SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS 1 2 Methanol and Formaldehyde Ethylene dichloride 14

15 Overview of topics Chapter 2 SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS 1 2 Methanol and Formaldehyde Ethylene dichloride 15

16 Ethylene dichloride Ethylene dichloride (C 2 H 4 Cl 2 ), is a chlorinated hydrocarbon, mainly used to produce vinyl chloride monomer (VCM, chloroethene), the major precursor for PVC produc1on. It is a colorless liquid with a chloroform- like odor. 16

17 Ethylene dichloride Raw materials Ethylene Chlorine Ethylene di bromide catalyst Caus1c (NaOH) 17

18 Ethylene dichloride Methods of produc;on Reac1on of chlorine with ethylene in liquid or vapor phase By- product of chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical Reac;ons Chlorina1on : CH 2 = CH 2 + Cl 2 ClCH 2. CH 2 Cl Ethylene Chlorine Ethylene dichloride 18

19 Ethylene dichloride 19

20 Ethylene dichloride Uses of Ethylene dichloride Used in the produc1on of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM, chloroethene) with hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. VCM is the precursor to polyvinyl chloride. Used as solvent. 20

21 References 1. Dryden C. E, Outlines of Chemical technology for the 21 st Century, 3 rd edi1on, East- West Press (2004) 2. Aus1n G. T, Shreve s Chemical Process Industries, 5 th edi1on, Mc Graw Hill Interna1onal edi1ons (1984) 3. Finar IL, Organic Chemistry Vol. 1 6th Edi1on Pearson Educa1on 2009 pp

22 Thank you 22

CH1019 Chemical Process Technology

CH1019 Chemical Process Technology CH1019 Chemical Process Technology Lecture 4 Chapter 3 Fer/lizer Industries Balasubramanian S Assistant Professor (OG) Department of Chemical Engineering Overview of topics Chapter 3 FERTILIZER INDUSTRIES

More information

CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology

CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology Lecture 10 Chapter 3 Plas2cs Assistant Professor (OG) Department of Chemical Engineering 1 Overview of topics Chapter 3 Plas2cs 1 2 3 Polymers, Plas2cs, and Resins Produc2on

More information

Chapter 9. Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds. Organic Chemistry

Chapter 9. Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds. Organic Chemistry Chapter 9 Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is defined as the chemistry of carbon compounds. Of tens of millions of known chemical compounds,

More information

An alcohol is a compound obtained by substituting a hydoxyl group ( OH) for an H atom on a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon group.

An alcohol is a compound obtained by substituting a hydoxyl group ( OH) for an H atom on a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon group. Derivatives of Hydrocarbons A functional group is a reactive portion of a molecule that undergoes predictable reactions. All other organic compounds can be considered as derivatives of hydrocarbons (i.e.,

More information

Class: 12 Subject: chemistry Topic: Organic Chemistry of O compounds No. of Questions: 20 Duration: 60 Min Maximum Marks: 60

Class: 12 Subject: chemistry Topic: Organic Chemistry of O compounds No. of Questions: 20 Duration: 60 Min Maximum Marks: 60 Class: 12 Subject: chemistry Topic: Organic Chemistry of O compounds No. of Questions: 20 Duration: 60 Min Maximum Marks: 60 1. Ethylene is passed through conc. H 2 SO 4 and the product obtained is diluted

More information

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 3. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 3. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS. 1 RGANIC EMISTRY II. CARBNYL CMPUNDS PREVIUS EAMCET BITS Cl Cl 1. What are the X and Y in the following reaction sequence : X Y (009 E) 1) 5, ), ), CCl 4) 5Cl, CCl Reaction. Cl HCl X Cl CCl. HCl Y. The

More information

CYCLOALKANES, POLYMERS, ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS Home Assignment

CYCLOALKANES, POLYMERS, ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS Home Assignment CYCLOALKANES, POLYMERS, ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS Home Assignment 1. The tendency of cylopropane (I), Cyclobutane (II), cyclopentane (III) to form addition compounds is in the order : a) I > II > III b) I =

More information

CHAPTER 12 (MOORE) FUELS, ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND POLYMEYS

CHAPTER 12 (MOORE) FUELS, ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND POLYMEYS CHAPTER 12 (MOORE) FUELS, ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND POLYMEYS This chapter deals organic compounds. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of hydrocarbons, which have the general chemical formula, C X H Y, and

More information

CHAPTER 24 Organic Chemistry

CHAPTER 24 Organic Chemistry CHAPTER 24 rganic Chemistry 1. The general formula for alkenes is A. C n H 2n+2 B. C 2n H 2n C. C n H n+2 D. C n H 2n E. C n H 2n 2 2. The general formula of an alkane is A. C n H 2n B. C n H 2n+2 C. C

More information

C11.1 Organic Chemistry Quiz Questions & Answers. Parts 1 & 2; all sets Parts 3 & 4; Sets 1 & 2 only

C11.1 Organic Chemistry Quiz Questions & Answers. Parts 1 & 2; all sets Parts 3 & 4; Sets 1 & 2 only C11.1 Organic Chemistry Quiz Questions & Answers Parts 1 & 2; all sets Parts 3 & 4; Sets 1 & 2 only C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 1 1. Define a mixture. 2. Define crude oil. 3. Define a hydrocarbon. 4.

More information

9. Which compound is an alcohol? A) methanol C) butane B) ethyne D) propanal

9. Which compound is an alcohol? A) methanol C) butane B) ethyne D) propanal 1. Given the structural formulas for two organic compounds: The differences in their physical and chemical properties are primarily due to their different A) number of hydrogen atoms B) number of carbon

More information

1) Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group? A) ketone B) aldehyde C) amine D) ester E) carboxylic acid

1) Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group? A) ketone B) aldehyde C) amine D) ester E) carboxylic acid 1) Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group? ketone aldehyde amine ester carboxylic acid 2) Which functional group contains a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bonded to the same carbon

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Ch16_PT MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group? ketone B) aldehyde C) amine D)

More information

Lecture 25: Manufacture of Maleic Anhydride and DDT

Lecture 25: Manufacture of Maleic Anhydride and DDT Lecture 25: Manufacture of Maleic Anhydride and DDT 25.1 Introduction - In this last lecture for the petrochemicals module, we demonstrate the process technology for Maleic anhydride and DDT. - Maleic

More information

15.1: Hydrocarbon Reactions

15.1: Hydrocarbon Reactions 15.1: Hydrocarbon Reactions Halogenation An alkane will react with a halogen to produce a halalkane and the corresponding hydrogen halide. The catalyst is ultraviolet radiation. Reaction 1 methane chlorine

More information

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Aromatic Hydrocarbons Aromatic Hydrocarbons Aromatic hydrocarbons contain six-membered rings of carbon atoms with alternating single and double carbon-carbon bonds. The ring is sometimes shown with a circle in the center instead

More information

Lecture 2. The framework to build materials and understand properties

Lecture 2. The framework to build materials and understand properties Lecture 2 The framework to build materials and understand properties 1 Trees are made into a solid materials/structures in an environment that consists of small molecules: CO 2, N 2, H 2 0, CH 4 O C 2.58Ǻ

More information

Chemicals from Methane

Chemicals from Methane Chapter 12 Chemicals from Methane In previous discussions we studied a large percentage of important chemicals derived from methane. Those in the top 50 are listed in Table 12.1 and their syntheses are

More information

CHEM J-11 June /01(a)

CHEM J-11 June /01(a) CHEM1001 2014-J-11 June 2014 22/01(a) Combustion of 15.0 g of coal provided sufficient heat to increase the temperature of 7.5 kg of water from 286 K to 298 K. Calculate the amount of heat (in kj) absorbed

More information

Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds. Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons

Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds. Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons Reactions of Alkanes Single bonds (C-C) are strong and very hard to break, therefore these compounds are relatively unreactive

More information

Lecture 29.Manufacture of Ethanol from Molasses

Lecture 29.Manufacture of Ethanol from Molasses Lecture 29.Manufacture of Ethanol from Molasses 29.1 Introduction Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, clear, colourless liquid. Ethanol is a good solvent. It is also used as a germicide, beverage, antifreeze,

More information

Question Bank Organic Chemistry II

Question Bank Organic Chemistry II Question Bank Organic Chemistry II 1. What are saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Classify the following as saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. CH 4, C 2 H 2, C 2 H 6, C 3 H 6, C 3 H 4 Ans. Compounds

More information

Chem 1075 Chapter 19 Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline

Chem 1075 Chapter 19 Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline Chem 1075 Chapter 19 Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline Slide 2 Introduction Organic chemistry is the study of and its compounds. The major sources of carbon are the fossil fuels: petroleum, natural gas,

More information

Implementation of Cleaner Production Principles in Formaldehyde Production

Implementation of Cleaner Production Principles in Formaldehyde Production Implementation of Cleaner Production Principles in Formaldehyde Production 1 Jilesh M. Pandya & Linesh Patel Chemical Engineering Department, V. V. P. Engineering college, Rajkot ABSTRACT Formaldehyde

More information

Chemical Technology Prof. Indra D. Mall Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

Chemical Technology Prof. Indra D. Mall Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Chemical Technology Prof. Indra D. Mall Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Module - 7 Petrochemical Lecture - 5 Ethylene Derivatives: Ethylene Oxide, Ethylene Glycol,

More information

Name Date Class. aryl halides substitution reaction

Name Date Class. aryl halides substitution reaction 23.1 INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Section Review Objectives Explain how organic compounds are classified Identify the IUPAC rules for naming halocarbons Describe how halocarbons can be prepared Vocabulary

More information

ORGANIC REACTIONS 14 APRIL 2015 Section A: Summary Notes

ORGANIC REACTIONS 14 APRIL 2015 Section A: Summary Notes ORGANIC REACTIONS 14 APRIL 2015 Section A: Summary Notes 1. Combustion Alkanes are very important fossil fuels. The combustion of alkanes is very exothermic and carbon dioxide and water are produced. General

More information

Chapter 11. Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids

Chapter 11. Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids Sample Exercise 11.1 (p. 450) In which of the following substances is hydrogen bonding likely to play an important role in determining physical properties: methane (CH 4 ), hydrazine (H 2 NNH 2 ), methyl

More information

3.2.1 Energetics. Enthalpy Change. 263 minutes. 259 marks. Page 1 of 41

3.2.1 Energetics. Enthalpy Change. 263 minutes. 259 marks. Page 1 of 41 ..1 Energetics Enthalpy Change 6 minutes 59 marks Page 1 of 41 Q1. (a) Define the term standard molar enthalpy of formation, ΔH f. (b) State Hess s law. (c) Propanone, CO, burns in oxygen as shown by the

More information

Evidence of a chemical reaction: heat, light, sound, gas emitted, color change, odor

Evidence of a chemical reaction: heat, light, sound, gas emitted, color change, odor Unit 7: Chemical Equations Evidence of a chemical reaction: heat, light, sound, gas emitted, color change, odor A reaction has occurred if the chemical and physical properties of the reactants and products

More information

Balancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry)

Balancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry) Balancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry) This worksheet and all related files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 1.0. To view a copy of this license, visit

More information

Stoichiometry of Gases

Stoichiometry of Gases CHAPTER 13 Stoichiometry of Gases Now that you have worked with relationships among moles, mass, and volumes of gases, you can easily put these to work in stoichiometry calculations. Many reactions have

More information

Exam Review. Chapters

Exam Review. Chapters Exam Review Chapters 13 14.2 Chapter 13 Solutions Concepts of: Solution definitions and representations on the macroscopic and particle level Intermolecular forces Concentration units Solubility and temperature

More information

Some Families of Organic Compounds HL

Some Families of Organic Compounds HL Name: Organic Chemistry 22. Types of Reactions in Organic Chemistry Objectives Addition Reactions -explain what is meant by an addition reaction -write balanced equations using structural formula for the

More information

AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria

AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria Q1.When one mole of ammonia is heated to a given temperature, 50 per cent of the compound dissociates and the following equilibrium is established. NH 3(g) ½ N 2 (g)

More information

PX-III Chem 1411 Chaps 11 & 12 Ebbing

PX-III Chem 1411 Chaps 11 & 12 Ebbing PX-III Chem 1411 Chaps 11 & 12 Ebbing 1. What is the name for the following phase change? I 2 (s) I 2 (g) A) melting B) condensation C) sublimation D) freezing E) vaporization 2. Which of the following

More information

CHM1 Review for Exam 15

CHM1 Review for Exam 15 Topics 1. Organic Compounds a. Hydrocarbons i. Saturated alkanes (all single bonds) ii. Unsaturated alkenes and alkynes b. Functional Groups i. Alcohols ii. Organic Acids iii. Esters iv. Ethers v. Aldehydes

More information

1. Which of the structures below is an aldehyde? O A. CH CH CH O B. CH CCH O C. CH CH COH O D. CH COCH

1. Which of the structures below is an aldehyde? O A. CH CH CH O B. CH CCH O C. CH CH COH O D. CH COCH 1. Which of the structures below is an aldehyde? O A. CH CH CH 3 2 O B. CH CCH 3 3 O C. CH CH COH 3 2 O D. CH COCH 3 3 2. What product results from the reaction of CH 2 ==CH 2 with Br 2? A. CHBrCHBr B.

More information

DAMIETTA UNIVERSITY. Energy Diagram of One-Step Exothermic Reaction

DAMIETTA UNIVERSITY. Energy Diagram of One-Step Exothermic Reaction DAMIETTA UNIVERSITY CHEM-103: BASIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LECTURE 5 Dr Ali El-Agamey 1 Energy Diagram of One-Step Exothermic Reaction The vertical axis in this graph represents the potential energy. The transition

More information

Definition: A hydrocarbon is an organic compound which consists entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

Definition: A hydrocarbon is an organic compound which consists entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons Definition: A hydrocarbon is an organic compound which consists entirely of hydrogen and carbon. It is important to note that carbon atoms have 4 free bonds and that hydrogen has 1 free bond.

More information

1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions:

1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions: 1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions: a. largest radius 2 b. stronger acid (first ionization) HN 3 H 3 P 4 H 2 S 4 c. largest radius N 3 2 F e. highest

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 37B ACETIC ACID AND ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (November 1994)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 37B ACETIC ACID AND ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (November 1994) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 37B ACETIC ACID AND ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (November 1994) This Report presents preliminary process designs and estimated economics for the manufacture of acetic acid

More information

Monomer Analysis. Analysis by Gas Chromatography WASSON - ECE INSTRUMENTATION. Engineered Solutions, Guaranteed Results.

Monomer Analysis. Analysis by Gas Chromatography WASSON - ECE INSTRUMENTATION. Engineered Solutions, Guaranteed Results. Monomer Analysis Analysis by Gas Chromatography Engineered Solutions, Guaranteed Results. WASSON - ECE INSTRUMENTATION Polymer Grade Monomer Analysis Monomer Analysis Impurities in feedstocks can adversely

More information

2 Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

2 Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. CHEMISTRY & YOU Chapter 17 Thermochemistry 17.1 The Flow of Energy 17. Measuring and Expressing Enthalpy Changes 17.3 Heat in Changes of State 17.4 Calculating Heats of Reaction Why does sweating help

More information

Chapter 5 Chemical Calculations

Chapter 5 Chemical Calculations Calculating moles Moles and elements Moles and compounds Moles and gases Moles and solutions Calculating formulae Finding the formula Chapter 5 Chemical Calculations Moles and chemical equations Checklist

More information

Q 1 Ferrous oxide has a cubic structure. The length of edge of the unit cell is 5 Å. The density of

Q 1 Ferrous oxide has a cubic structure. The length of edge of the unit cell is 5 Å. The density of Q 1 Ferrous oxide has a cubic structure. The length of edge of the unit cell is 5 Å. The density of the oxide is 4.0 g cm 3. Then the number of Fe 2+ and O 2 ions present in each unit cell will Four Fe

More information

2. The accepted density for copper is 8.96 g/ml. Calculate the percent error for a measurement of 8.86 g/ml.

2. The accepted density for copper is 8.96 g/ml. Calculate the percent error for a measurement of 8.86 g/ml. Chem 250 2 nd Semester Exam Review Worksheet (answers and units are at the end of this worksheet, cross them off as you write down the answers to each question.) 1. Round to the correct number of significant

More information

The Simplest Alkanes. Physical Properties 2/16/2012. Butanes are still gases. bp -160 C bp -89 C bp -42 C. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 n-pentane.

The Simplest Alkanes. Physical Properties 2/16/2012. Butanes are still gases. bp -160 C bp -89 C bp -42 C. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 n-pentane. The Simplest Alkanes Butanes are still gases Methane (CH 4 ) Ethane (C 2 H 6 ) Propane (C 3 H 8 ) n-butane CH 2 CH 2 Isobutane ( ) 3 CH bp -160 C bp -89 C bp -42 C bp -0.4 C bp -10.2 C Branched isomer

More information

3. Some phosphorus is heated in air to produced phosphorus oxide. The following data was collected:

3. Some phosphorus is heated in air to produced phosphorus oxide. The following data was collected: Name Hour Empirical Formula Problems Set I 1. Determine the empirical formula of a compound consisting of : 55.3%K, 14.6%P, and 30.1% O. (K 3 PO 4 ) 52.14%C, 13.13%H, and 34.73% O. (C 2 H 6 O) 47.3% Cu

More information

C 4 H 10 C 5 H 12 C 6 H 14 C 7 H 16 C 8 H 18. C n H 2n+2. CnH 2n. butane, pentane, hexane. methane ethane propane

C 4 H 10 C 5 H 12 C 6 H 14 C 7 H 16 C 8 H 18. C n H 2n+2. CnH 2n. butane, pentane, hexane. methane ethane propane No Brain Too Small hemistry 4 10 5 12 6 14 methane ethane propane butane, pentane, hexane 7 16 8 18 n 2n+2 n 2n+2 saturated hydrocarbons insoluble in water heptane octane alkane general formula alkanes

More information

Appendix A Physical and Critical Properties

Appendix A Physical and Critical Properties Appendix A Physical and Critical Properties Table A1 Physical properties of various organic and inorganic substances Compound Formula MW Sp Gr T m (K) T b (K) DH v (kj/kg) DH m (kj/kg) Air 28.97 Ammonia

More information

Module: 5. Lecture: 29

Module: 5. Lecture: 29 Module: 5 Lecture: 29 METHYL CHLORIDE and Dichloromethane INTRODUCTION METHYL CHLORIDE Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) which is also known as chloromethane, R-40 or HCC 40, is a chemical compound of the group

More information

Organic Chemistry. REACTIONS Grade 12 Physical Science Mrs KL Faling

Organic Chemistry. REACTIONS Grade 12 Physical Science Mrs KL Faling Organic Chemistry REACTIONS Grade 12 Physical Science Mrs KL Faling SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS This is a reaction where an atom or group of atoms is replaced by another atom or group of atoms Substitution

More information

Gas Laws. Bonding. Solutions M= moles solute Mass %= mass solute x 100. Acids and Bases. Thermochemistry q = mc T

Gas Laws. Bonding. Solutions M= moles solute Mass %= mass solute x 100. Acids and Bases. Thermochemistry q = mc T Name Period Teacher Practice Test: OTHS Academic Chemistry Spring Semester 2017 The exam will have 100 multiple choice questions (1 point each) Formula sheet (see below) and Periodic table will be provided

More information

Isomerism and Carbonyl Compounds

Isomerism and Carbonyl Compounds Isomerism and Carbonyl Compounds 18 Section B Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 7 Esters have many important commercial uses such as solvents and artificial flavourings in foods. Esters can

More information

BIOB111_CHBIO - Tutorial activities for session 9

BIOB111_CHBIO - Tutorial activities for session 9 BIOB111_CHBIO - Tutorial activities for session 9 General topics for week 5 Session 9 Physical properties and chemical reactions of organic compounds (functional groups: alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes,

More information

Q1. (a) Explain the meaning of the terms mean bond enthalpy and standard enthalpy of formation. Mean bond enthalpy

Q1. (a) Explain the meaning of the terms mean bond enthalpy and standard enthalpy of formation. Mean bond enthalpy Q1. (a) Explain the meaning of the terms mean bond enthalpy and standard enthalpy of formation. Mean bond enthalpy......... Standard enthalpy of formation............ (5) (b) Some mean bond enthalpies

More information

2. An aldehyde can be obtained by the dehydrogenation of an alcohol. The catalyst used in the reaction is

2. An aldehyde can be obtained by the dehydrogenation of an alcohol. The catalyst used in the reaction is Class: 12 Subject: Chemistry Topic: Organic Chemistry of O compounds No. of Questions: 20 Duration: 60 Min Maximum Marks: 60 1. Rectified spirit is converted to absolute alcohol taking advantage of the

More information

c. Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water

c. Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water Name: Date: Period: REVIEW CHAPTERS 10 AND 18 1. Identify the type of each of the following reactions: a. 2Mg + O 2 2 MgO Synthesis b. Fe + CuSO 4 FeSO 4 + Cu Single-Replacement (SR) c. CaCO 3 CaO + CO

More information

Chapter 23 Aldehydes and Ketones

Chapter 23 Aldehydes and Ketones Chapter 23 Aldehydes and Ketones Ketones are common solvents for quickdrying paints. Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 10e John Wiley & Sons, Inc Morris Hein, Scott Pattison, and Susan

More information

UNIT ONE BOOKLET 6. Thermodynamic

UNIT ONE BOOKLET 6. Thermodynamic DUNCANRIG SECONDARY ADVANCED HIGHER CHEMISTRY UNIT ONE BOOKLET 6 Thermodynamic Can we predict if a reaction will occur? What determines whether a reaction will be feasible or not? This is a question that

More information

Organic Chemistry SL IB CHEMISTRY SL

Organic Chemistry SL IB CHEMISTRY SL Organic Chemistry SL IB CHEMISTRY SL 10.1 Fundamentals of organic chemistry Understandings: A homologous series is a series of compounds of the same family, with the same general formula, which differ

More information

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY Chemistry 112 Spring 27 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY 1. Ammonia, NH 3, has a much higher boiling point than phosphine, PH 3. This is because: (A) NH 3 has a lower molecular weight than PH 3. (B) NH 3 is extensively

More information

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY Chemistry 112 Spring 27 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY 1. The predominant intermolecular attractive force in solid sodium is: (A) ionic (B) covalent (C) metallic (D) dipole-dipole (E) induced dipole-induced dipole

More information

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY

Chemistry 112 Spring 2007 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY Chemistry 112 Spring 27 Prof. Metz Exam 1 KEY 1. The predominant intermolecular attractive force in solid sodium is: (A) covalent (B) metallic (C) ionic (D) dipole-dipole (E) induced dipole-induced dipole

More information

Alkyl phenyl ketones are usually named by adding the acyl group as prefix to phenone.

Alkyl phenyl ketones are usually named by adding the acyl group as prefix to phenone. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones Aldehydes: Often called by their common names instead of IUPAC names. Ketones: Derived by naming two alkyl or aryl groups bonded

More information

IGCSE SEPARATE SCIENCES TOPIC C14: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REVISION NOTES

IGCSE SEPARATE SCIENCES TOPIC C14: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REVISION NOTES IGCSE SEPARATE SCIENCES TOPIC C14: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REVISION NOTES Organic chemistry is the chemistry of a huge number of compounds containing carbon. Carbon atoms are in group 4 which means they form

More information

# Ans Workings / Remarks

# Ans Workings / Remarks # Ans Workings / Remarks 1 B Atomic mass and temperature affects the rate of diffusion of gas. The lower the atomic mass, the lighter the substance. The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of collision

More information

Alcohols and Phenols. Classification of Alcohols. Learning Check. Lecture 4 Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols. Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols

Alcohols and Phenols. Classification of Alcohols. Learning Check. Lecture 4 Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols. Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols Lecture 4 Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols Alcohols and Phenols An alcohol contains A hydroxyl group ( ) attached to a carbon chain. A phenol contains A hydroxyl group ( ) attached

More information

Le Lycee Mauricien. Proposed Syllabus Chemistry (5070) - Form 5

Le Lycee Mauricien. Proposed Syllabus Chemistry (5070) - Form 5 Le Lycee Mauricien Proposed Syllabus 2017 Chemistry (5070) - Form 5 First Term 1. Metals Properties of metals - Physical properties of metals - Structure of alloys and uses Reactivity Series - Place metals

More information

Cherry Hill Tuition A Level Chemistry OCR (A) Paper 9 THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION

Cherry Hill Tuition A Level Chemistry OCR (A) Paper 9 THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY GCE CHEMISTRY A Chains, Energy and Resources F322 * OCE / 1 9 2 3 4* Candidates answer on the Question Paper OCR Supplied Materials: Data Sheet for Chemistry

More information

Synthesis and Structure of Alcohols Alcohols can be considered organic analogues of water.

Synthesis and Structure of Alcohols Alcohols can be considered organic analogues of water. Synthesis and Structure of Alcohols Alcohols can be considered organic analogues of water. Alcohols are usually classified as primary, secondary and tertiary. Alcohols with the hydroxyl bound directly

More information

Lesmahagow High School

Lesmahagow High School Lesmahagow High School Higher Chemistry Enthalpy - Tutorial Questions Energy Changes Tutorial Questions 1 1. A pupil found the enthalpy of combustion of propan-1-ol using the following apparatus: a. In

More information

Angel International SchoolManipay

Angel International SchoolManipay Grade OL Angel International SchoolManipay 2 nd Term Examination March, 2016 Chemistry Duration: 3 Hours 1. Which property is common to calcium, potassium and sodium? a) Their atoms all lose two electrons

More information

Organic Chemistry. Alkanes are hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are joined by single covalent bonds.

Organic Chemistry. Alkanes are hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are joined by single covalent bonds. Organic Chemistry Organic compounds: The branch of chemistry which deals with the study of carbon compounds is called organic chemistry. Catenation: The carbon atom has a property to undergo self linking

More information

1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions

1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions 1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions 2 2 26 3 45 Exothermic and endothermic reactions Question Paper 1 Level GCSE (9-1) Subject Chemistry Exam Board AQA Topic 4.5 Energy changes Sub Topic Exothermic

More information

Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide June 2017

Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide June 2017 Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide June 2017 Kinetic Molecular Theory, Gases, Phase Diagrams Phase Diagram for H 2 O 1. Label the above phase diagram for H 2 O, include all 6 possible transitions between

More information

5 Energy from chemicals

5 Energy from chemicals 5 Energy from chemicals Content 5.1 Enthalpy 5.2 Hydrogen fuel cell Learning Outcomes Candidates should be able to: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) describe the meaning of enthalpy change in terms of exothermic (H

More information

Chapter 8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions

Chapter 8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions C h e m i s t r y 1 2 C h 8 : Q u a n t i t i e s i n C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s P a g e 1 Chapter 8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions Read Chapter 8 and Check MasteringChemistry due dates. Stoichiometry:

More information

T3-2P3 [51 marks] Bromine is a member of group 7, the halogens. [3 marks] Explain the trend in reactivity of the halogens. 1a.

T3-2P3 [51 marks] Bromine is a member of group 7, the halogens. [3 marks] Explain the trend in reactivity of the halogens. 1a. T3-2P3 [51 marks] Bromine is a member of group 7, the halogens. 1a. Explain the trend in reactivity of the halogens. [3 marks] 1b. Deduce, using equations where appropriate, if bromine reacts with sodium

More information

3.2.1 Energetics. Calorimetry. 121 minutes. 120 marks. Page 1 of 19

3.2.1 Energetics. Calorimetry. 121 minutes. 120 marks. Page 1 of 19 3..1 Energetics Calorimetry 11 minutes 10 marks Page 1 of 19 Q1. A 50.0 cm 3 sample of a 0.00 mol dm 3 solution of silver nitrate was placed in a polystyrene beaker. An excess of powdered zinc was added

More information

Regents review Organic chemistry

Regents review Organic chemistry 2011-2012 1. Which structural formula represents a saturated hydrocarbon? 2. Which molecule contains ten hydrogen atoms? A) butane B) butene C) propane D) propene 3. A double carbon-carbon bond is found

More information

Chemistry 106 Fall 2006 Exam 1 Form A 1. Does this molecule have both cis and trans isomers?

Chemistry 106 Fall 2006 Exam 1 Form A 1. Does this molecule have both cis and trans isomers? 1. Does this molecule have both cis and trans isomers? Cl A. No, it has only the cis isomer. B. Yes, this is the cis isomer. C. Yes, this is the trans isomer. D. No. E. No, it has only the trans isomer

More information

I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) Unit 13 HYDROCARBONS I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Arrange the following in decreasing order of their boiling points. (A) n butane (B) 2 methylbutane (C) n-pentane (D) 2,2 dimethylpropane A

More information

4) Interpret in words the equation: P4O10 (s) + 6 H2O (l) 4 H3PO4 (aq)

4) Interpret in words the equation: P4O10 (s) + 6 H2O (l) 4 H3PO4 (aq) CHEM102 Chemistry II Spring 09-10 Mid-term Exam/Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies Student Registration No: Instructor: Prof.Dr.Hüseyin Oğuz Student Name-Surname: Dept. of Computer Information

More information

Unit - 11 ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS 1. Write IUPAC names of the following compounds : (ix) C 6 H 5 OC 3 H 7 (x) O Cl 2. Write the structures of the compounds whose names are given below : (i) 3, 5-dimethoxyhexane-1,

More information

Lecture 2. The framework to build materials and understand properties

Lecture 2. The framework to build materials and understand properties Lecture 2 The framework to build materials and understand properties 1 Trees are made into a solid materials/structures in an environment that consists of small molecules: C 2, N 2, H 2 0, CH 4 C 2.58Ǻ?

More information

Energy Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Energy Relationships in Chemical Reactions Energy Relationships in Chemical Reactions What is heat? What is a state function? What is enthalpy? Is enthalpy a state function? What does this mean? How can we calculate this? How are the methods the

More information

Chapter 11 part 2. Properties of Liquids Viscosity Surface Tension Capillary Action. Phase Changes (energy of phase changes)

Chapter 11 part 2. Properties of Liquids Viscosity Surface Tension Capillary Action. Phase Changes (energy of phase changes) Chapter 11 part 2 Properties of Liquids Viscosity Surface Tension Capillary Action Phase Changes (energy of phase changes) Dynamic Equilibrium Vapor pressure Phase diagram 1 Structure Affects Function

More information

and mol of Cl 2 was heated in a vessel of fixed volume to a constant temperature, the following reaction reached equilibrium.

and mol of Cl 2 was heated in a vessel of fixed volume to a constant temperature, the following reaction reached equilibrium. Q1. When a mixture of 0.45 mol of PCl and 0.68 mol of Cl was heated in a vessel of fixed volume to a constant temperature, the following reaction reached equilibrium. PCl + Cl PCl 5 H = 9 kj mol 1 At equilibrium,

More information

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Food cooking Fuel being burned in a car s engine Oxygen being used in the human body The starting materials are called reactants The ending materials

More information

Chemical Energetics. First Law of thermodynamics: Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but It can be converted from one form to another.

Chemical Energetics. First Law of thermodynamics: Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but It can be converted from one form to another. Chemical Energetics First Law of thermodynamics: Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but It can be converted from one form to another. All chemical reactions are accompanied by some form of energy

More information

Organic Chemistry. Chapter 10

Organic Chemistry. Chapter 10 Organic Chemistry Chapter 10 10.1 Homologous Series Overview We Are Here Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon containing compounds. From the very simple: methane To the very complex:

More information

Unit 5 Chemical Reactions Notes. Introduction: Chemical substances have physical and chemical properties

Unit 5 Chemical Reactions Notes. Introduction: Chemical substances have physical and chemical properties Unit 5 Chemical Reactions Notes Introduction: Chemical substances have physical and chemical properties Physical Properties 2 Types of Physical Properties Extensive Physical Properties Intensive Physical

More information

Section 1 - Thermochemistry

Section 1 - Thermochemistry Reaction Energy Section 1 - Thermochemistry Virtually every chemical reaction is accompanied by a change in energy. Chemical reactions usually absorb or release energy as heat. You learned in Chapter 12

More information

Carbonyl Group in Aldehydes and Ketones

Carbonyl Group in Aldehydes and Ketones Lecture 4: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules 14.1 Aldehydes and Ketones Carbonyl Group in Aldehydes and Ketones A carbonyl group (C=) In an aldehyde is attached to at least one atom. In a ketone

More information

UNIT 12 - TOPIC 3 ORGANIC REACTIONS

UNIT 12 - TOPIC 3 ORGANIC REACTIONS UNIT 12 - TOPIC 3 ORGANIC REACTIONS Name: ESSENTIALS: Know, Understand, and Be Able To Types of organic reactions include: addition substitution combustion polymerization esterfication fermentation saponification

More information

Chapter 5. Stoichiometry

Chapter 5. Stoichiometry Chapter 5 Stoichiometry Chapter 5 Table of Contents (5-1) Counting by weighing (5-2) Atomic masses (5-3) Learning to solve problems (5-4) The mole (5-5) Molar mass (5-6) Percent composition of compounds

More information

CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (THEORY)

CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (THEORY) CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (THEORY) (Three Hours) (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must NOT start writing during this time.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More information

Chapter 19 Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Chapter 19 Introduction to Organic Chemistry Chapter 19 Introduction to Organic Chemistry 1 19.1 The beginnings of organic chemistry large number of remarkably stable compounds consist of C, H, O and N organic compounds no organic compounds had been

More information