Pre-AP Biology Energy Unit Study Guide Part I
|
|
- Rosanna Spencer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Pre-AP Biology Energy Unit Study Guide Part I
2 The Law of conservation of matter/mass : matter can not be created or destroyed However, matter may be rearranged in space In chemical reactions, the mass (and # of atoms) of the reactants must equal the mass (and #of atoms) of the products
3 1. What is activation energy? 2. Why can heat supply activation energy?
4 1. What is activation energy? Energy that must be added for bonds to become unstable 2. Why can heat supply activation energy? Heat increases molecular motion (and collisions), which causes bonds to become unstable
5 During a chemical reaction: 1. energy is added 2. Bonds become 3. Bonds 4. Atoms 5. New bonds 6. Matter is
6 During a chemical reaction: 1. Activation energy is added 2. Bonds become unstable 3. Bonds break 4. Atoms rearrange 5. New bonds form 6. Matter is conserved
7 C 2 H 4 + 3O 2 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O 1. Count the number of carbon atoms a. Of the reactants b. Of the products 2. Count the number of hydrogen atoms a. Of the reactants b. Of the products 3. Count the number of oxygen atoms a. Of the reactants b. Of the products 4. How do the number and types of atoms compare between the reactants and products? 5. Why?
8 C 2 H 4 + 3O 2 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O 1. Count the number of carbon atoms a. Of the reactants 2 b. Of the products 2 2. Count the number of hydrogen atoms a. Of the reactants 4 b. Of the products 4 3. Count the number of oxygen atoms a. Of the reactants 6 b. Of the products 6 4. How do the number and types of atoms compare between the reactants and products? equal 5. Why? Conservation of matter/mass
9 1. What does thermodynamics mean? 2. What does free energy mean? 3. State the 1 st Law of Thermodynamics: 4. State the 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics: 5. Discuss how the diagram above shows how the 1 st & 2 nd Laws combine:
10 1. What does thermodynamics mean? Energy transformations 2. What does free energy mean? Capacity to do work 3. State the 1 st Law of Thermodynamics: Energy can not be created or destroyed (but it may be transferred or transformed) 4. State the 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics: Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy (disorder) of the system 5. Discuss how the diagram above shows how the 1 st & 2 nd Laws combine: organized chemical energy high entropy heat
11 Metabolic Equilibrium Metabolic Disequilibrium Which of the systems above is a closed, which is an open system? 2. What eventually happens in a closed system and what is the result? 3. Give an example of matter that you are exchanging with the environment. 4. Give an example of an energy transformation occurring within your body. 5. What would happen if you became a closed system?
12 Metabolic Equilibrium Metabolic Disequilibrium Which of the systems above is a closed, which is an open system? 1 2. What eventually happens in a closed system and what is the result? Equilibrium, death for organisms 3. Give an example of matter that you are exchanging with the environment. Oxygen in, carbon dioxide out 4. Give an example of an energy transformation occurring within your body. Chemical potential energy of food to heat (and recharged ATP) 5. What would happen if you became a closed system? death
13 Living organisms must exchange energy and matter with their environment in order to survive. Draw a picture of a stick-figure person showing: 1. One form of energy entering 2. One form of energy exiting 3. Two forms of matter entering (tied to cellular respiration) 4. Two forms of matter exiting (tied to cellular respiration) 5. Write a statement for how #1 & #2 connects to the First Law of Thermodynamics 6. Write a statement for how #3 & #4 connect to the Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass
14 Living Organisms are Open Systems Living organisms must exchange energy and matter with their environment in order to survive. Chemical potential energy Heat (kinetic energy) Energy can be transferred and transformed but not created or destroyed C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Matter may be reorganized but not created or destroyed; it is conserved
15 A molecule is built/broken down Releases/absorbs energy exergonic/endergonic Catabolic/anabolic reaction Ex.: Cellular respiration/photosynthesis
16 A molecule is built/broken down Releases/absorbs energy exergonic/endergonic Catabolic/anabolic reaction Ex.: Cellular respiration/photosynthesis
17 A molecule is broken down Releases free energy - Exergonic Catabolic reaction Ex.: Cellular respiration A molecule is built Absorbs free energy - Endergonic Anabolic reaction Ex.: Photosynthesis
18 Describe two examples in the diagram of how to build something up you have to first break something down.
19 ATP must be broken down in order to build protein Glucose must be broken down in order to build ATP Describe two examples in the diagram of how to build something up you have to first break something down.
20 The glucose molecule represents chemical potential energy, which bonds in the molecule represent high-energy bonds?
21 The glucose molecule represents chemical potential energy, which bonds in the molecule represent high-energy bonds? The Carbon-Hydrogen bonds
22 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Which part of the molecule represents chemical potential energy? Explain:
23 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Phosphate tail = potential energy in the repulsion of all the negative charges. It is a chemical equivalent of a loaded spring.
24 What is the mitochondrion s function? And how does its structure (architecture) relate to its function (job)?
25 The function of the mitochondrion is to synthesize/recycle ATP: ADP + p i ATP The double membrane allows for a H + gradient, when H + is allowed to diffuse down its [ ] gradient ATP synthase recycles ATP
26 What structures do plants have that allow them to exchange energy and matter with their environment? 1. List 4 such structures: 2. And describe the function of each:
27 What structures do plants have that allow them to exchange energy and matter with their environment? Chloroplasts absorb light for photosynthesis Roots absorb water and minerals Xylem transport water from roots to leaves Stomata exchange gases and transpiration of water
28 1. Energy enters Earth s ecosystems as. 2. Photosynthesis converts CO 2 and H 2 O into, a form of energy 3. Respiration breaks down to recharge ATP and releases energy as.
29 1. Energy enters Earth s ecosystems as light. 2. Photosynthesis converts CO 2 and H 2 O into organic molecules, a form of chemical potential energy 3. Respiration breaks down organic molecules to recharge ATP and releases energy as heat.
30 1. Energy enters Earth s ecosystems as and exits as. 2. Describe 2 energy transformations shown in the diagram above: 3. Describe and explain the path of matter shown:
31 1. Energy enters ecosystems as light and exits as heat. 2. Describe 2 energy transformations shown in the diagram above: Light chemical potential (glucose) ATP & heat 3. Describe and explain the path of matter shown: matter cycles due to the Law of conservation of matter/mass
32 Draw and label a diagram that shows the flow of carbon through an ecosystem as a result of the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration and name the organelles in cells that perform each of these reactions.
33 Cellular Respiration (mitochondria) Organic Molecules Carbon Dioxide Photosynthesis (chloroplasts)
34 enzymes enzymes 1. List three similarities between the two reactions: 2. Describe two differences:
35 enzymes enzymes 1. List three similarities between the two reactions: both use glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, enzymes are used, energy is transformed 2. Describe two differences: The reactants and products are switched, photosynthesis is endergonic while respiration is exergonic
36 Discuss the role of process I and II in the cycling of carbon:
37 Process I: Photosynthesis removes CO 2 from the atmosphere and uses light energy to convert it into organic molecules (chemical potential energy of glucose). Process II: Cellular respiration breaks down organic molecules, releasing energy to recycle ATP and releasing CO 2 back into the atmosphere
38 1. Where does the mass come from for: acorn mature oak tree? 2. Where does the mass go when a person loses weight?
39 1. Where does the mass come from for: acorn mature oak tree? Most of the mass comes from CO 2, a smaller amount comes from the H that were removed from H 2 O 2. Where does the mass go when a person loses weight? Most of the mas is exhaled as CO 2 gas and some is excreted as H 2 O
40 If plants are placed in an environment without sun and animals are not provided with food for 48 hours, predict what will occur to the organisms mass and justify your answer:
41 If plants are placed in an environment without sun and animals are not provided with food, predict what will occur to the organisms mass and justify your answer: Without sunlight to drive photosynthesis, plants will not gain mass but they still need to perform cellular respiration to recycle ATP, they will use stored glucose (starch) to do so and thus lose mass by releasing CO 2 and H 2 O. Similarly, animals will breakdown stored fuel and lose mass by exhaling CO 2 & excreting H 2 O.
42 1. Identify two processes that break-down organic molecules and return CO 2 to the atmosphere: 2. Identify one process that removes CO 2 from the atmosphere and locks it up into organic molecules :
43 1. Identify two processes that break-down organic molecules and return CO 2 to the atmosphere: cellular respiration and burning of fossil fuels 2. Identify one process that removes CO 2 from the atmosphere and locks it up into organic molecules : photosynthesis
44 1. What is the trend in [CO 2 ] from 1960 to 2010? 2. Why does [CO 2 ] decline in the spring and summer? 3. Why does [CO 2 ] increase in the fall and winter?
45 1. What is the trend in [CO 2 ] from 1960 to 2010? increase 2. Why does [CO 2 ] decline in the spring and summer? photo. takes up CO2 3. Why does [CO 2 ] increase in the fall and winter? photo., resp. continues
46 1. What is the relationship between [CO 2 ] and average global temperature?
47 1. What is the relationship between [CO 2 ] and average global temperature? As [CO 2 ] so does temp
48 How can the abundance of food affect the survival and reproduction of a species?
49 If the food resource (in this case caterpillars) abundance peak does not match the timing when chicks need to be fed, chicks are less likely to survive. The population of the bird species is thus likely to decline.
50 Carbon & Organic Molecules 96% of the matter of your body is composed of:,,, 98+% includes:,,,,, Organic molecules have a -based skeleton Carbon forms - covalent bonds
51 Carbon & Organic Molecules 96% of the matter of your body is composed of: C, H, N, O 98+% includes: CHNOPS Organic molecules have a C-based skeleton Carbon forms 4 - covalent bonds
52 1. Describe what is being shown in the diagram: 2. Name the process
53 1. Describe what is being shown in the diagram: A molecule of water is lost as a monomer is added to a polymer 2. Name the process dehydration synthesis
54 1. Describe what is being shown in the diagram: 2. Name the process
55 1. Describe what is being shown in the diagram: A molecule of water is added to break a monomer from a polymer 2. Name the process hydrolysis
56 1. Which reactant do the C atoms of glucose come from? 2. Which reactant do the O atoms of glucose come from? 3. Which reactant do the H atoms of glucose come from? 4. Which reactant does O 2 gas come from?
57 1. Which reactant do the C atoms of glucose come from? CO 2 2. Which reactant do the O atoms of glucose come from? CO 2 3. Which reactant do the H atoms of glucose come from? H 2 O 4. Which reactant does O 2 gas come from? H 2 O
58 4 g 235,000 kg (235 million grams) An acorn grows into a massive oak tree. There is a massive increase in biomass. Where, exactly, did all that matter (mass) come from?
59 4 g 235,000 kg (235 million grams) An acorn grows into a massive oak tree. There is a massive increase in biomass. Where, exactly, did all that matter (mass) come from? C = 12x6=72 O = 16x6=96 CO 2 : 168 amu H = 1x12=12 H 2 O: 12 amu Most of the biomass comes from CO 2, a small amount also comes from the Hydrogen atoms split from H 2 O
60 LIGHT REACTIONS H 2 O co 2 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION Light CHLOROPHYLL THYLAKOID NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH STROMA 1. Which organelle is shown? 2. What process is diagrammed? 3. Where do the light reactions occur? 4. Where does the Calvin cycle occur? O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6
61 LIGHT REACTIONS H 2 O co 2 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION Light CHLOROPHYLL THYLAKOID O 2 NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH STROMA C 6 H 12 O 6 1. Which organelle is shown? chloroplast 2. What process is diagrammed? photosynthesis 3. Where do the light reactions occur? thylakoid 4. Where does the Calvin cycle occur? stroma
62 LIGHT REACTIONS H 2 O co 2 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION Light CHLOROPHYLL THYLAKOID O 2 NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH STROMA C 6 H 12 O 6 For the light reactions: 1. Which reactant enters? 2. Which product leaves? 3. What happens to the hydrogen atoms? 4. What is light energy transformed into?
63 LIGHT REACTIONS Light CHLOROPHYLL H 2 O THYLAKOID O 2 NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH co 2 STROMA C 6 H 12 O 6 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION For the light reactions: 1. Which reactant enters? H 2 O 2. Which product leaves? O 2 3. What happens to the hydrogen atoms? Carried by NADPH 4. What is light energy transformed into? Chemical energy: NADPH and ATP
64 LIGHT REACTIONS H 2 O co 2 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION Light CHLOROPHYLL THYLAKOID NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH STROMA For the Calvin cycle: 1. Which reactant enters? 2. Which product leaves? 3. Where does the ATP and NADPH come from? 4. What is ATP and NADPH used for? O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6
65 LIGHT REACTIONS Light CHLOROPHYLL H 2 O THYLAKOID O 2 NADP + ADP P ATP NADPH co 2 STROMA C 6 H 12 O 6 CALVIN CYCLE/ CARBON FIXATION For the Calvin cycle: 1. Which reactant enters? CO 2 2. Which product leaves? C 6 H 12 O 6 3. Where does the ATP and NADPH come from? The light reactions 4. What is ATP and NADPH used for? Energy to build glucose
66 When a person loses 5 lbs. of fat, where exactly does it go?
67 Cellular respiration:
68 Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen gas: 6-C sugar (glucose) is split into two 3-C pyruvate molecules, yielding 2 net ATP 6-C 3-C 3-C 2 2 pyruvate molecules
69
70 Cellular Respiration 1. 6-C sugar (glucose) split into two 3-C pyruvate 2. If O 2 is present, pyruvate moves into the mitochondrion where it is fully broken down 3. High energy carbon-hydrogen bonds in fuel molecules are broken this energy is used to pump H + ions across the mitochondrion s inner membrane 4. When the H+ ions diffuse through ATP synthase: ADP + P i ATP (ATP is recycled) 5. C in organic molecule C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 6. H from glucose + O 2 H 2 O
71 Fermentation: 2 ATP Fermentation 1. What determines the route of pyruvate after glycolysis? Respiration: 36 ATP 2. What are two possible products of fermentation? 3. Where does fermentation occur? 4. Where does respiration occur? 5. How does ATP production fermentation vs. cellular respiration compare: 6. How does fermentation relate to NADH?
72 Fermentation: 2 ATP Fermentation Respiration: 36 ATP 1. What determines the route of pyruvate after glycolysis? + or - oxygen 2. What are two possible products of fermentation? Alcohol and lactic acid 3. Where does fermentation occur? cytoplasm 4. Where does respiration occur? mitochondrion 5. How does ATP production fermentation vs. cellular respiration compare: About 18 times more with resp.
73 Alcoholic Fermentation In the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) Glucose Enzymes Ethanol (alcohol) Represents a lot of calories + 2 ATP recycled Carbon dioxide gas Alcoholic fermentation used in brewing and winemaking
74 Energy and Exercise 3 sources of energy: 1. Use ATP already in muscles (only enough for a few seconds) 2. Use new ATP made from lactic acid fermentation (only for about 90 seconds) 3. Use new ATP made from cellular respiration relies on glycogen (animal-starch) stored in muscles and the liver
75 Living Organisms are Open Systems Organic molecules (food) provides the chemical building blocks living things need to grow and reproduce 1. Digestive system breaks food down 2. Cell metabolism may further break down molecules 3. Cells use ATP energy to build new polymers from monomers
4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP. KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy.
4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy. 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. Molecules in food store chemical
More information2017 Pre-AP Biology Semester I Exam study Guide
2017 Pre-AP Biology Semester I Exam study Guide 1 st Law of Thermodynamics: The 1 st Law states that energy can be transferred or transformed but not State the 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics: The 2 nd Law
More informationAP Biology Thermodyamics
AP Biology Thermodyamics Introduction to Thermodynamics The living cell is a chemical industry in miniature The totality of an organism s chemical reaction is called metabolism Metabolism involves managing
More information6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2. sun. Occurs in chloroplasts ATP. enzymes CO 2 O 2 H 2 O. sugars
4.2 8.2 Overview Photosynthesis: of Photosynthesis An Overview Photosynthesis process by which plants make food using energy from the sun Plants are autotrophs that make their own source of chemical energy.
More informationStudy Guide A. Answer Key. Cells and Energy
Cells and Energy Answer Key SECTION 1. CHEMICAL ENERGY AND ATP 1. molecule; food molecules 2. high-energy; lower-energy 3. phosphate group 4. a; d; b; c 5. b; e 6. c; d 7. a; f 8. chemical energy; light
More informationCP Biology Unit 5 Cell Energy Study Guide. Electron Carriers Electron Transport Chain Fermentation Glycolysis Krebs cycle Light-Dependent Reactions
Name: KEY CP Biology Unit 5 Cell Energy Study Guide Vocabulary to know: ATP ADP Aerobic Anaerobic ATP Synthases Cellular Respiration Chlorophyll Chloroplast Electron Carriers Electron Transport Chain Fermentation
More informationUNIT 3: Cell Energy What is energy? energy is a property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms.
UNIT 3: Cell Energy What is energy? energy is a property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms. Energy can be found in a number of different forms. 1 Law
More informationATP. Chapter 4. Photosynthesis. Cell Respiration. Energy of Life. All organisms need energy in order to survive
ATP Chapter 4 Photosynthesis Energy of Life All organisms need energy in order to survive 2 Major groups of organisms: A. autotrophs make their own food Ex: plants B. heterotrophs must eat others living
More informationDraw, label, and color
Vocab Cell Energy 1. Autotroph 2. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 3. Chloroplast 4. Photosynthesis 5. Pigment 6. Chlorophyll 7. Thylakoid 8. Photosystem 9. Stroma 10. Light-dependent reactions 11. Calvin
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Note-taking Guide
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Note-taking Guide Preview to Photosynthesis glucose, reactions, light-dependent, Calvin cycle, thylakoid, photosystem II, oxygen, light-harvesting, two, chloroplasts,
More informationName Date Class. Photosynthesis and Respiration
Concept Mapping Photosynthesis and Respiration Complete the Venn diagram about photosynthesis and respiration. These terms may be used more than once: absorbs, Calvin cycle, chlorophyll, CO 2, H 2 O, Krebs
More informationEnergy in the World of Life
Cellular Energy Energy in the World of Life Sustaining life s organization requires ongoing energy inputs Assembly of the molecules of life starts with energy input into living cells Energy Conversion
More informationAll Cells need energy. (Ability to perform work) What do cells use energy for? Mitosis. Repair. Active transport. Movement.
Cell Energetics All Cells need energy. (Ability to perform work) What do cells use energy for? Mitosis. Repair. Active transport. Movement. What Is ATP? ATP adenosine triphosphate is a chemical molecule
More informationDraw, label, and color
Vocab Cell Energy 1. Autotroph 2. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 3. Chloroplast 4. Photosynthesis 5. Pigment 6. Chlorophyll 7. Thylakoid 8. Photosystem 9. Stroma 10. Light-dependent reactions 11. Calvin
More informationATP: Energy for Life ATP. Chapter 6. What Is ATP? What Does ATP Do for You? Photosynthesis. Cell Respiration. Chemical Structure of ATP
Chapter 6 Photosynthesis : Energy for Life Cell Respiration What Is? Energy used by all Cells Chemical Structure of Adenine Base Adenosine Triphosphate Organic molecule containing highenergy Phosphate
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Note-taking Guide
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Note-taking Guide Preview to Photosynthesis glucose, reectlons, light-dependent, Calvin cycle, thylakoid, oxygen, light-harvesting, two, chloroplasts, photosynthesis,
More information4 GETTING READY TO LEARN Preview Key Concepts 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP All cells need chemical energy.
CHAPTER 4 Cells and Energy GETTING READY TO LEARN Preview Key Concepts 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP All cells need chemical energy. 4.2 Overview of Photosynthesis The overall process of photosynthesis produces
More informationUnit 8 Cell Metabolism. Foldable Notes
Unit 8 Cell Metabolism Foldable Notes Silently read pages 94-96 of your biology textbook Middle Inside Top Vocabulary 1. ATP 2. ADP 3. Product 4. Reactant 5. Chloroplast 6. Mitochondria 7. Heterotroph
More informationCellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Test
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Test 1. When bonds are made energy is, when bonds are broken energy is. A. stored / released C. released / stored B. used / not used D. created / destroyed 2. Aerobic
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS. Chapter 8
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chapter 8 ENERGY & LIFE ENERGY The ability to do work. Can be stored in chemical bonds. Cells need energy to do things like active transport, dividing, moving, and producing and storing
More informationUNIT 2: CELLS Chapter 4: Cells and Energy
CORNELL NOTES Directions: You must create a minimum of 5 questions in this column per page (average). Use these to study your notes and prepare for tests and quizzes. Notes will be stamped after each assigned
More information2015 Biology Unit #3 Quiz 1 Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Week of November
Name: Class: Date: 2015 Biology Unit #3 Quiz 1 Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Week of 02-09 November 1 Which of the following statements is true for all cells? a They use solar energy
More informationThe Life of a Cell. The Chemistry of Life. A View of the Cell. Cellular Transport and the Cell Cycle. Energy in a Cell
The Life of a Cell The Chemistry of Life A View of the Cell Cellular Transport and the Cell Cycle Energy in a Cell Chapter 9 Energy in a Cell 9.1: The Need for Energy 9.1: Section Check 9.2: Photosynthesis:
More informationCellular Energy (Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration)
(Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration) Before You Read Before you read the chapter, respond to these statements. 1. Write an A if you agree with the statement. 2. Write a D if you disagree with the statement.
More informationCell Energy Notes ATP THE ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY. CELL ENERGY Cells usable source of is called ATP stands for. Name Per
Cell Energy Notes Name Per THE ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY The Endosymbiotic theory is the idea that a long time ago, engulfed other prokaryotic cells by. This resulted in the first First proposed by Explains
More informationRespiration and Photosynthesis. The Ying and Yang of Life.
Respiration and Photosynthesis The Ying and Yang of Life. Why? You ve always been told that you must eat and breathe. Why? In this unit we will attempt to answer those questions. 1 st Law of Thermodynamics
More informationCellular Energetics. Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Cellular Energetics Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Fermentation TEKS B.4 Science concepts. The student knows that cells are the basic structures of all living things with specialized parts that
More informationRespiration and Photosynthesis
Respiration and Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Glycolysis The Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chains Anabolic Pathway Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Flow of Energy Energy is needed to support all forms
More informationEnergy Exchanges Exam: What to Study
Energy Exchanges Exam: What to Study Here s what you will need to make sure you understand in order to prepare for our exam: Free Energy Conceptual understanding of free energy as available energy in a
More informationChapter 4: Cellular Metabolism (Sections 1,3,5,6) KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy.
KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy. ! The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds. Starch molecule Glucose molecule
More informationUnit 5.1 ~ Cell Energy: PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Unit 5.1 ~ Cell Energy: PHOTOSYNTHESIS Objectives/Goals: Classify organisms in how they obtain energy Identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis Understand how ATP is used to provide cells with
More informationWhat cellular structure carries out respiration?
What cellular structure carries out photosynthesis? Label it s parts Chloroplast double membrane grana thylakoid membrane with chlorophyll stroma What cellular structure carries out respiration? Mitochondrian
More informationATP, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
ATP, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Energy for Cells Free Energy: the energy available to do work Types of Reactions Endergonic Reactions: require an input of energy Exergonic Reactions: release
More informationCell Energy: The Big Picture. So, What Exactly is ATP. Adenosine Triphosphate. Your turn to Practice converting ATP to ADP:
Understanding How Living Things Obtain and Use Energy. Cell Energy: The Big Picture Most Autotrophs produce food (sugar) using light energy during Photosynthesis. Then, both Autotrophs and Heterotroph
More informationActivity: Identifying forms of energy
Activity: Identifying forms of energy INTRODUCTION TO METABOLISM Metabolism Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in an organism Metabolic pathway begins with a specific molecule and ends with
More informationAP Bio-Ms.Bell Unit#3 Cellular Energies Name
AP Bio-Ms.Bell Unit#3 Cellular Energies Name 1. Base your answer to the following question on the image below. 7. Base your answer to the following question on Which of the following choices correctly
More informationCell Energetics - Practice Test
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Cell Energetics - Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is the source of energy used
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Unit
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Unit All cellular activities require energy. Directly or indirectly nearly all energy for life comes from the sun. Autotrophs: organisms that can make their own
More informationMETABOLISM. What is metabolism? Categories of metabolic reactions. Total of all chemical reactions occurring within the body
METABOLISM What is metabolism? METABOLISM Total of all chemical reactions occurring within the body Categories of metabolic reactions Catabolic reactions Degradation pathways Anabolic reactions Synthesis
More informationChapter 5. Table of Contents. Section 1 Energy and Living Things. Section 2 Photosynthesis. Section 3 Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Table of Contents Section 1 Energy and Living Things Section 2 Photosynthesis Section 3 Cellular Respiration Section 1 Energy and Living Things Objectives Analyze
More information8/25/ Opening Questions: What is ENERGY? Chapter 4 Energy and Life: How do you make it through your day? How does a plant eat?
Chapter 4 Energy and Life: 4.1 What is energy? 4.2 Energy flow 4.3 Sunlight is used to produce sugars 4.4 Photosynthesis has 2 linked stages 4.5 Light reactions: a closer look 4.6 Calvin cycle: a closer
More informationCell Energetics. How plants make food and everyone makes energy!
Cell Energetics How plants make food and everyone makes energy! Carbon Cycle Where did the mitochondria and chloroplast come from? Endosymbiotic Theory Endosymbiotic theory = a theory that some of the
More informationCellular Energy. How Organisms Obtain Energy Section 2: Photosynthesis Section 3: Cellular Respiration. Click on a lesson name to select.
Section 1: How Organisms Obtain Energy Section 2: Photosynthesis Section 3: Cellular Respiration Click on a lesson name to select. Section 1 How Organisms Obtain Energy Transformation of Energy Energy
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration What you will learn: GPS Standard SB3a Explain the cycling of energy through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. IN OTHER WORDS Photosynthesis and Cellular
More informationEnergy Metabolism exergonic reaction endergonic reaction Energy of activation
Metabolism Energy Living things require energy to grow and reproduce Most energy used originates from the sun Plants capture 2% of solar energy Some captured energy is lost as metabolic heat All energy
More informationHarvesting energy: photosynthesis & cellular respiration part 1
Harvesting energy: photosynthesis & cellular respiration part 1 Agenda I. Overview (Big Pictures) of Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration II. Making Glucose - Photosynthesis III. Making ATP - Cellular
More informationCHAPTER 6 STUDY GUIDE. phosphate work. energy adenosine In order for organisms to carry out life processes their cells need (1).
CHAPTER 6 STUDY GUIDE THE FLOW OF ENERGY Section 6.1 Energy for Cells In your textbook, read about ATP. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage: released exergonic endergonic ATP
More informationEnergy and the Cell. All living things need energy to survive and do work.
Energy and the Cell EQ: How do cells acquire energy? EQ: Why is the relationship between plants and animals essential to life? All living things need energy to survive and do work. Organisms who depend
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration All cellular activities require energy. Directly or indirectly nearly all energy for life comes from the sun. Autotrophs:
More informationEv e ry living c e l l needs a source of
12 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Ev e ry living c e l l needs a source of energy. Without energy, metabolism all of the chemical reactions that occur within cells will not occur. In this activity,
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS STARTS WITH
Name Date Period PHOTOSYNTHESIS STARTS WITH 1. Molecules that collect light energy are called _P. 2. Chlorophyll a and b absorb _B -_V and _R wavelengths of light best. 3. _C is the main light absorbing
More informationCh. 4 Cells and Energy. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Ch. 4 Cells and Energy Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 1 2 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP Living organisms need energy Most comes indirectly from sun! Some change sunlight into organic compounds Others
More informationCell Energy Photosynthesis Study Guide
Name Date Pd Circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement. Study all notes and read Ch 4.1-4.3. 1. All cells use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy. ATP is a molecule / organelle that
More informationBiology Unit 4 Energy and Life. 4:1 Energy All living things require a constant supply of ENERGY.
Biology Unit 4 Energy and Life 4:1 Energy All living things require a constant supply of ENERGY. GLUCOSE: (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) the form of energy used for fuel by ALL living cells It requires energy to form
More informationPhotosynthesis in Detail
4.3 Photosynthesis in Detail KEY CONCEPT Photosynthesis requires a series of chemical reactions. MAIN IDEAS The first stage of photosynthesis captures and transfers energy. The second stage of photosynthesis
More informationCellular Energetics Review
Cellular Energetics Review 1. What two molecules are formed when a phosphate is removed from ATP? 2. Describe how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are reverse processes. 3. What is the function
More informationChapter 8.1. How Organisms Obtain Energy
Chapter 8.1 How Organisms Obtain Energy Main Idea All living organisms use energy to carry out all biological processes. Energy Energy is the ability to do work. Quick Review: Heterotrophs are organisms
More informationMetabolism. AP Biology Chapter 8
Metabolism AP Biology Chapter 8 Energy Energy management Bioenergetics is the study of how organisms manage their energy resources. Energy is the capacity to do work. Energy exists in various forms Cells
More informationBiology I Photosynthesis. O + sunlight energy C 6. Outer membrane. Inner membrane
Name: Why? Biology I Photosynthesis How do light-dependent and light-independent reactions provide food for a plant? Plants are the original solar panels. Through photosynthesis a plant is able to convert
More informationENERGY = ATP ATP. B. How is Energy stored in our cells? 1. In the chemical bonds between the phosphates
I. What is energy in biology? ENERGY = Adenosine TriPhosphate Whoa! HOT stuff! 2009-2010 A. What is? Adenosine Triphosphate is similar to a nucleotide but has three phosphates instead of one B. How is
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Lapbook Pre-test. SC.912.L.18.7: Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Lapbook Pre-test Covers Standards: SC.912.L.18.7: Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of photosynthesis. SC.912.L.18.8: Identify the reactants,
More informationTransformation of Energy! Energy is the ability to do work.! Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.
Section 1 How Organisms Obtain Energy Transformation of Energy! Energy is the ability to do work.! Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe. Section 1 How Organisms
More informationAP Biology Cellular Respiration
AP Biology Cellular Respiration The bonds between H and C represents a shared pair of electrons These are high-energy electrons This represents chemical potential energy Hydro-carbons posses a lot of chemical
More informationAP Biology Energy Exam Study Guide. Enzymes, Cellular Respiration, Metabolic Patterns, and Photosynthesis
AP Biology Energy Exam Study Guide Enzymes, Cellular Respiration, Metabolic Patterns, and Photosynthesis 1. In which orientation must these two amino acids be brought together to form a dipeptide bond?
More informationUnit 5 Cellular Energy
Unit 5 Cellular Energy I. Enzymes (159) 1.Are CATALYSTS: Speed up chemical reactions that would otherwise happen too slowly to support life. Catalysts DO NOT make reactions happen that couldn t happen
More informationAP Biology. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Redox Reactions break bonds & move electrons from one molecule to another as electrons move they carry energy with them that energy is stored in another bond, released as heat or harvested
More informationUnit 4 Bioenergetics Test Review
Section A: Adenosine Triphosphate Unit 4 Bioenergetics Test Review Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy molecule used by all cells to do work. It is a nucleotide consisting of adenine (a base), ribose
More informationPhotosynthesis
Student Expectations: Cellular Energy Understand that cellular energy is temporarily stored in the nucleotide ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Describe how energy is released by ATP When the outer phosphate
More informationPhotosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process of harnessing the energy of sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugars).
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process of harnessing the energy of sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugars). Plants do photosynthesis to make their own food (sugars) and are called, photoautotrophs.
More informationA + B = C C + D = E E + F = A
Photosynthesis - Plants obtain energy directly from the sun - Organisms that do this are autotrophs (make their own food from inorganic forms) - Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions where the
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION
PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION There are two basic patterns by which organisms transform energy. AUTOTROPHIC PATTERN Light energy is transformed to chemical energy that can be used by the cell. AUTOTROPHIC
More informationCellular Energy. The cell will store energy in molecules like sugars and ATP
Cellular Energy Cellular Energy The cell will store energy in molecules like sugars and ATP Most cells have small stores of ATP that only last a few seconds, but cannot store energy there long-term. Cells
More informationATP. Pentose Sugar (ribose) 3 phosphate groups. adenine. Does this structure look familiar?
Photosynthesis The Big Picture Photosynthesis and Respiration work together in plants to make energy for the plant they are autotrophs Animals only use cellular respiration why? They are heterotrophs!
More informationUnit 3: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Unit 3: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Monday/Tuesday Wednesday/Thursday Friday Bell Ringer Answer Daily Goal HOMEWORK Bell Ringer Answer Monday/Tuesday Wednesday/Thursday Friday Daily Goal HOMEWORK
More information4.3. Photosynthesis in Detail. The first stage of photosynthesis captures and transfers energy.
4.3 Photosynthesis in Detail VOCABULARY photosystem electron transport chain ATP synthase Calvin cycle Key Concept Photosynthesis requires a series of chemical reactions. MAIN IDEAS The first stage of
More informationBiology Chapter 8 Test: Cellular Energy
Class: Date: Biology Chapter 8 Test: Cellular Energy True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. During the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, light energy is used to split
More informationCellular respiration. How do living things stay alive? Cellular Respiration Burning. Photosynthesis. Cellular Respiration
How do living things stay alive? Cellular Respiration Burning Happens in ALL living things inside cells and has the main goal of producing ATP the fuel of life It does not matter whether the organisms
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Survey
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Survey Multiple Choice - Choose the best and most complete answer. 1. Which type of energy transformation occurs in photosynthesis? A. heat to electrical B. light
More informationEssential Question: How does energy flow through the processes of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration? Page 92. Cellular Respiration ENERGY ATP
Essential Question: How does energy flow through the processes of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration? Page 92 ATP Cellular Respiration ENERGY Photosynthesis Page 92 Essential Question: How does energy
More informationMetabolism Review. A. Top 10
A. Top 10 Metabolism Review 1. Energy production through chemiosmosis a. pumping of H+ ions onto one side of a membrane through protein pumps in an Electron Transport Chain (ETC) b. flow of H+ ions across
More information3.1 Metabolism and Energy
3.1 Metabolism and Energy Metabolism All of the chemical reactions in a cell To transform matter and energy Step-by-step sequences metabolic pathways Metabolic Pathways Anabolic reactions Build large molecules
More informationEnergy for Life 12/11/14. Light Absorption in Chloroplasts
Energy for Life Biochemical pathways A series of reactions where the products of one reaction is used in the next reaction Light Absorption in Chloroplasts Chloroplasts Two membranes Grana- layered stacks
More informationCh. 6 & 7 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Ch. 6 & 7 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration 6.1 Energy Reactions The Cycle of Energy Sun CO 2 H 2 O Photosynthesis (energy stored) Cellular Respiration (energy released) O 2 Glucose Obtaining Energy
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Outline I. Energy and Carbon Cycle II. Photosynthesis A. Introduction B. Reactions II. Cellular Respiration A. Introduction B. Reactions Carbon Cycle All organisms
More informationChemical Energy and ATP. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs. Living things need to survive.
8-1 Energy And Life Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Living things need to survive. This energy comes from food. The energy in most food comes from the. Where do plants get the energy they need to produce food?
More informationBIOLOGY. Monday 14 Dec 2015
BIOLOGY Monday 14 Dec 2015 Entry Task An ATP molecule is made of what 3 components? What happens when ATP becomes ADP? Explain. Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping Chapter 8 Essential Question Section 8.2 (Photosynthesis:
More informationCellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy. 9.1 Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy 9.1 Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels 9.2 Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate 9.3 The citric acid
More informationMolecular Modeling of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Name: Date: Hour: Molecular Modeling of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Introduction Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants capture energy from sunlight and use it to make food molecules
More informationPhotosynthesis Review Packet
Photosynthesis Review Packet Model 1 Chloroplast 6CO2 + 12H2O + sunlight energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 12 H2O 6 CO2 6 O2 C6H12O6 1. Consider the organelle illustrated in Model 1. a. What is the name of the
More informationCell Energy: Photosynthesis & Respiration
Cell Energy: Photosynthesis & Respiration Today s Learning Goals In plants, chlorophyll (found in chloroplasts) captures energy from the sun in order to make food during photosynthesis (Review) Cells release
More informationEnergy Transfer. Photosynthesis
Energy Transfer Photosynthesis Energy All living organisms use energy. Energy is needed for metabolism to function. When organisms use energy they use it in the chemical form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
More informationSection 8 1 Energy and Life (pages )
Bio07_TR_U03_CH08.QXD 4/25/06 2:51 PM Page 63 Name Class Date Chapter 8 Photosynthesis Section 8 1 Energy and Life (pages 201 203) Key Concepts Where do plants get the energy they need to produce food?
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Name Date Class CHAPTER 5 DIRECTED READING Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Section 5-1: Energy and Living Things Energy Flows Between Organisms in Living Systems In the space provided, write the
More informationPhotosynthesis: Life from Light and Air
Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air 2007-2008 Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy consumers producers Heterotrophs (Animals) get their energy from eating others eat food
More informationUnit 3: Cell Energy Guided Notes
Enzymes Unit 3: Cell Energy Guided Notes 1 We get energy from the food we eat by breaking apart the chemical bonds where food is stored. energy is in the bonds, energy is the energy we use to do things.
More informationBig Idea #2. Energy. Types of Potential Energy. Kinetic Energy. Chemical Potential Energy. Metabolism
Big Idea #2 Biological Systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis Life runs on chemical reactions rearranging atoms transforming
More informationBe sure to understand:
Learning Targets & Focus Questions for Unit 6: Bioenergetics Chapter 8: Thermodynamics Chapter 9: Cell Resp Focus Q Ch. 10: Photosynthesis Chapter 8 (141-150) 1. I can explain how living systems adhere
More informationPhotosynthesis. Dr. Bertolotti
Photosynthesis Dr. Bertolotti Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air How do plants and other organisms capture energy from the sun? What is ATP and why is it useful in cells? Plants are energy producers
More informationCellular Energy: Respiration. Goals: Anaerobic respiration
Cellular Energy: Respiration Anaerobic respiration Goals: Define and describe the 3 sets of chemical reactions that comprise aerobic cellular respiration Describe the types of anaerobic respiration Compare
More informationComplete the notes on photosynthesis in the spaces below.
Section: 3.2 Name: Opening Activity: What type of energy is absorbed by pigment molecules in plant cells to start photosynthesis? Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: ATP then provides the energy
More information