Week 5: Chemical Bonding. Part 1: The Octet Rule Part 2: Ionic Bonding
|
|
- Clarence Sullivan
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Week 5: Chemical Bonding Part 1: The Octet Rule Part 2: Ionic Bonding
2 Part 1: The Octet Rule
3 Part 1: The Octet Rule / Objectives After this lesson I can determine the number of valence electrons elements in the main group have....use the octet rule to determine if a main group element wants to gain or lose electrons, how many it wants to gain/lose, and predict what ion it will most likely form. recall that positive ions are called cations and are almost always metals. recall that negative ions are called anions and are almost always nonmetals. identify the metals, semimetals, and nonmetals on the periodic table....recognize metals outside the main group form cations of varying charge. define and identify polyatomic ions.
4 The Main Group & Valence Electrons The Main Group of Elements are the roman numeral or A columns on the periodic table. It includes metal, semimetal an nonmetal elements. It arguable contains the most important elements on the periodic table. The column number system for the main group elements is very important because it indicates the number of valance electrons an element has. The electrons in an atom can be broken down into two categories Valence electrons: The outermost electrons that are available for bonding Core electrons: Electrons in lower energy levels that do not participate in chemical bonding Determining the number of valence electrons a main group element has is simple; just look at the column number
5 Periodic Table Showing Main Group Elements
6 Practice Problems: Valence electrons Directions: Determine the number of valence electrons in the following elements 1) Al 2) P 3) Na 4) F 5) Ca 6) Li 7) Mg 8) O 9) N 10) Cl 11) Rb 12) I
7 The Octet Rule When forming chemical bonds, atoms share or exchange their valence electrons. When exchanging, they want to get to either 8 valence electrons or none at all. Exchanging electrons means that one atom will give up electrons and another atom will accept electrons. The atom that will be giving up or losing electrons and the atom that will be accepting or gaining electrons depends on if they are closer to 8 or 0 valence electrons. If they are closer to 0 than to 8 (elements in columns 1,2, & 3) than they will lose all their valence electrons If they are closer to 8 than to 0 (elements in columns 5,6,7) than they will gain enough valance electrons to get to 8. Elements in column 8 already have 8 valence electrons so they don t chemically bond at all. We won t worry about elements in column 4 for now. This principal of chemical bonding is called the octet rule
8 Practice Problems: Gain or Lose Electrons Directions: Determine the number of valence electrons in the following elements. Indicate if the element below want to gain or lose their valance electrons. Next, indicate how many electrons they will gain or lose. 1) Al 2) P 3) Na 4) F 5) Ca 6) Li 7) Mg 8) O 9) N 10) Cl 11) Rb 12) I
9 Ion Formation Remember that a neutral atom has the same number of electrons as it does protons. Often times atoms are not neutral, they have a charge. When an atom has more protons than electrons or vice versa it is an ion. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons and as a result has a positive or negative charge. There are two basic ways to determine the charge on an atom: 1) Count up all the protons and electrons and subtract the difference 10 protons & 8 electrons = +2 change 59 protons & 56 electrons = +3 charge 8 protons & 10 electrons = 2 charge 2) Just remember that if an atom loses electrons it will form a positive ion equal to the number of ions that is lost and vice versa Lose 4 electrons = +4 charge Gain 3 electrons = 3 charge Lose 5 electrons = +5 charge The charge is written as a superscript on the right side of the symbol.
10 Practice Problems: Ion formation Directions: Determine the number of valence electrons in the following elements. Indicate if the elements below want to gain or lose their valance electrons. Next, indicate how many electrons they will gain or lose. Finally, indicate what Ion the element with form and write it as a charge. 1) Al 2) P 3) Na 4) F 5) Ca 6) Li 7) Mg 8) O 9) N 10) Cl 11) Rb 12) I
11 VIDEOS! Show the Video: Science Post: The Octet Rules and Valence Charges Show the video: Virtual Academy: What are Ions?
12 More on Ions Positive Ions are called cations. Virtually all cations on are metals. The one notable exceptions is hydrogen. Negative ions are called anions. Virtually all anions are nonmetals. Most metals that are not apart of the main group don t always form the same ion. For example Iron sometimes forms Fe 2+ sometimes forms Fe 3+, and sometimes forms Fe 4+. This is a chemical property and the elements that have it are known as multivalent. Some ions are not just a single atom but a group of atoms. These ions are almost always anions. They are called polyatomic ions. You will find table of these on the back of your periodic table.
13 Periodic Table Showing Metals, Semimetals, & Nonmetals
14 Table of Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic Ions 1 2 and 3 Acetate C 2 H 3 O 2 Bicarbonate HCO 3 Chlorite ClO 2 Chlorate ClO 3 Cyanide CN Hydroxide OH Hypochlorite ClO Iodate IO 3 Nitrite NO 2 Nitrate NO 3 Perchlorate ClO 4 Permanganate MnO 4 Thiocyanate SCN Carbonate CO 2 3 Chromate CrO 2 4 Dichromate Cr 2 O 2 7 Oxalate C 2 O 2 4 Sulfite SO 2 3 Sulfate SO 2 4 Phosphate PO 3 4 Phosphite PO 3 3
15 Practice Problems: Polyatomic Ions and multivalent metals Directions: Assign the charge to the atom below if it s a main group element. Label a nonmain group metal as multivalent. Label polyatomic ions as polyatomic ion 1) Se 2) Fe 3) OH 4) SO 4 2 5) Ti 6) Br 7) Sc 8) CO 3 2 9) Ba 10) Cu 11) Mn 12) MnO 4 13) Cs 14) PO ) Co 16) Ni 17) Cr 18) ClO 19) O 20) W 21) F 22) Sr 23) Hg 24) Al 25) NO 3
16 Part 1 Additional Resources Science Post Video: Octet Rule and Valence Charges Fuse School Video: What are Ions? Tyler Dewitt s Video: What s a Polyatomic Ion
17 Part 2: Ionic Compounds
18 Part 2: Ionic Compounds / Objectives After this lesson I can recall that ionic bonding is when electrons are transferred write the formula s for Ionic compounds when presented with a cation and an anion. write the formula s for Ionic compounds when presented with an element and/or the name of a polyatomic ion identify the parent cation & parent anion in an ionic compound
19 Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds form when a cation combines with an anion. This happens because positive charges attract negative charges. One of the simplest and classic examples of an ionic compound is table salt: NaCl (Na + ion and Cl ion) Another simple example includes Sodium Fluoride, which they put your toothpaste: NaF (Na + ion and F ion) A third example is limestone: CaO (Ca 2+ ion and O 2 ion) Ionic compounds do not always form in a 1:1 ratio though, sometimes the ratio is 2:1, 1:2, 3:1, 1:3, or several other variations. What does always happen is that the charges balance each other out. There are never charges left over
20 Ionic Compounds & The Criss Cross Method The easiest way to determine the chemical formula for an ionic compound is to use the criss cross method. Using this method the positive ion gets a subscript of equal value (but without the charge) to the negative ion s charge and vice versa. Use must reduce if possible. Examples: Ba 2+ & Cl forms BaCl 2 Al 3+ & I forms AlI 3 Na+ & O 2 forms Na 2 O Na + & N 3 forms Na 3 N Ca 2+ & S 2 forms CaS Note: that here we reduced the coefficients
21 Criss Cross Method Graphic Image Credit: UIA chemistry Department
22 Practice Problems: Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Directions: Use the Criss Cross Method to determine the chemical formula formed by the combination of the following ions. Reduce to lowest denominator if possible. 1) Cs + & I 2) Fe 3+ & P 3 3) Al 3+ & Cl 4) Li + & S 2 5) Al 3+ & F 6) Mg 2+ & O 2 7) Na + & I 8) K + & O 2 9) Cr 3+ & F 10) Cu 3+ & P 3 11) Ni + & S 2 12) Fe 3+ & Cl 13) Fe 2+ & Cl
23 The Criss Cross Method and Polyatomic Ions Writing Formulas for ionic compounds becomes a bit trickier when a polyatomic ion is involved. Remember that polyatmic ions are anions for the most part. If there is more than one polyatomic ion in the formula (after you have reduced if possible), you will have to use parenthesis to indicate that. Examples: Al 3+ & CN forms Al(CN) 3 Al 3+ & CO 2 3 forms Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 Na+ & SO 2 4 forms Na 2 SO 4 Cu + & PO 3 4 forms Cu 3 PO 4 Ca 2+ & SO 2 3 forms CaSO 3 Note: that here we reduced the coefficients and there is no need for parenthesis after we do so.
24 Criss Cross Method Polyatomic Ions Graphic Image Credit: UIA chemistry Department
25 Practice Problems: Ionic Compounds w/ Polyatomic Ions Directions: Use the Criss Cross Method to determine the chemical formula formed by the combination of the following ions. Reduce to lowest denominator if possible. 1) Cs + & OH 2) Cu 2+ & CrO 4 3 3) Fe 3+ & PO 4 3 4) Fe 2+ & NO 3 5) Al 3+ & SCN 6) Mg 2+ & PO 3 3 7) Ni + & CO 3 2 8) Cr 2+ & HCO 3 9) Pb 2+ & PO ) Cs + & NO 2 11) Cr 3+ & ClO 4 12) Fe 3+ & ClO 13) Fe 2+ & CO 3 2
26 Part 2 Additional Resources Tyler Dewitt s Video: Writing Ionic Formulas: Introduction Tyler Dewitt s Video: Writing Formulas for Polyatomic Ions
UNIT 3: The Octet Rule & Chemical Bonding
UNIT 3: The Octet Rule & Chemical Bonding Section 1: The Octet Rule Section 2: Ionic Bonding & Ionic Compounds Section 3: Covalent Bonding & Molecules Section 4: VESPR & Molecular Polarity Section 5: The
More informationChapter 5 Ionic Compounds. Classification of Compounds. Chemical Nomenclature
Chapter 5 Ionic Compounds Classification of Compounds Chapter 5 2 Chemical Nomenclature The term nomenclature come from the Latin word meaning calling by name. Chemical Nomenclature is a system for naming
More informationInformation Required for Memorization
Information Required for Memorization Your students are required to memorize the following information for Chem 10. This information must not be supplied on Cheat Sheets for your Semester Exams or Final
More informationIonic Bonding (Ch.7) Covalent Bonding (Ch.8) Metallic Bonding
Unit 3: Chemical Bonding Outline Ionic Bonding (Ch.7) Valence electrons Positive and negative ions and transition metal ions Ionic bonding: Charge on compounds Ionic compounds characteristics Writing ionic
More informationName Date Period Ionic Bonding Puzzle Activity
Name Date Period Ionic Bonding Puzzle Activity Introduction When metals and non-metals chemically react, the atoms will tend to form ions or charged atoms. Ions form because electrons are either gained
More informationIons and Ionic Compounds
Ions and Ionic Compounds Elements combine in a specific ratio to form compounds. Compounds can be categorized as ionic or covalent depending on the type of bond present within the compound. Ionic compounds
More informationIonic and Metallic Bonding
Unit 5: Ionic and Metallic Bonding H 2 O Valence Electrons are? The electrons responsible for the chemical properties of atoms, and are those in the outer energy level. Valence electrons - The s and p
More informationHow do atoms of elements exist in the
How do atoms of elements exist in the nature? How do atoms of elements exist in the nature? But noble gases like He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn etc do not exist in the nature in the combined state..they exist as monoatomic
More informationChapter 7 & 8 Nomenclature Notes/Study Guide. Properties of ionic bonds & compounds. Section 7-2
Objectives Properties of ionic bonds & compounds Section 72 Define chemical bond. Describe formation of ionic bonds structure of ionic compounds. Generalize of ionic bonds based on Main Idea of ionic compounds
More informationInorganic Chemistry Nomenclature A. Anions
Writing Net Ionic Equations and Determination of Spectator Ions Predicting Products and Balancing Total Equation: 1. Given reactants, swap appropriate ions to form product compounds 2. Determine phase
More information» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.
» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.» Separated chemically not physically» No overall charge; they
More informationUNIT 10 Reduction/Oxidation Reactions & Electrochemistry NOTES
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry UNIT 10 Reduction/Oxidation Reactions & Electrochemistry NOTES Quiz Date Lab Dates Exam Date Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry
More informationCHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley)
Name CHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley) If you get stuck on one item, just go to the next and come back later. Point possibilities are indicated in parentheses to the right of each problem
More informationOccurs when electrons are transferred electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonding Occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming two ions The ions stay together because of electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
More informationAP Chemistry Summer Assignment
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment AP Chemistry Students: This summer you are responsible for the following assignments: 1. You need to master the formulas, charges, and names of the common ions. On the second
More informationChapter 4 Chemical Formulas, Reactions, Redox and Solutions
Terms to Know: Solubility Solute Solvent Solution Chapter 4 the amount of substance that dissolves in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature. a substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution
More informationChapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas
Chapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas 6.1 Octet Rule and Ions 1 Octet Rule An octet is 8 valence electrons is associated with the stability of the noble gases does not occur with
More informationAtoms and Bonding. Chapter 18 Physical Science
Atoms and Bonding Chapter 18 Physical Science 2017-2018 Atoms and Bonding: Chemical Bonding The combining of atoms of elements to form new substances. Bonding of atoms determine a compound s properties.
More informationThe following pages provide the answers to the IONIC COMPOUNDS AND IONIC BONDS PAPER LAB.
The following pages provide the answers to the IONIC COMPOUNDS AND IONIC BONDS PAPER LAB. However, I did not draw the models. If you don t understand how I got the formulae, please see me in class. IONIC
More informationThe Structure of Matter:
The Structure of Matter: How atoms form compounds and Chemical Bonding This information is found in Chapter 6 Sections 1 & 3. 1 Compounds Are formed when two or more elements combine (or compounds combine)
More informationH 2 O. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas
H 2 O Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES: Identify the charges on monatomic ions by using the periodic table, and name the ions. Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES:
More informationUNIT 7 CHEMICAL FORMULAS WRITING FORMULAS NOTES. EXAMPLES: 1. carbon tetrachloride 2. calcium oxide. 3. iron (III) bromide 4.
WRITING FORMULAS NOTES EXAMPLES: 1. carbon tetrachloride 2. calcium oxide 3. iron (III) bromide 4. lead (II) nitrate 5. aluminum hydroxide 6. ammonium chromate Notes- HONORS 1 NAMING COMPOUNDS NOTES EXAMPLES:
More informationCh.2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Ch.2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Naming Recall Ionic Bond = electrostatic attraction due to the transfer of vse - s between a metal and nonmetal Covalent Bond = sharing of valence electrons between nonmetals
More informationChapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds. Octet Rule. Metals Form Positive Ions. Ionic and Covalent Bonds. Formation of a Sodium Ion, Na +
Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds Octet Rule 4.1 Octet Rule and Ions An octet Is 8 valence electrons. Is associated with the stability of the noble gases. Helium (He) is stable with 2 valence electrons
More informationNomenclature for ionic compounds
Name: Nomenclature for ionic compounds Nomenclature is a system of naming. This worksheet presents a widely used system of nomenclature for ionic compounds. There are two types of metal cations with different
More informationWelcome to AP Chemistry!
Welcome to AP Chemistry! I am looking forward to next year and hope that you feel the same way. AP Chemistry is a very fast paced course as we need to be prepared for the test in early May. The first 3
More informationMolecule 2 atoms chemically combined, smallest part of compound
Chemical Bonds 008: Chemical Bonds Bonding: the way atoms are attracted to each other to form molecules, determines nearly all of the chemical properties we see. And, as we shall see, the number 8 is
More informationCHEMISTRY II SUMMER ASSIGNMENT and First Day Test Material
CHEMISTRY II SUMMER ASSIGNMENT and First Day Test Material CHEMISTRY II FIRST DAY TEST Chemistry II is a difficult course. It is not all about memorization; however, having these items memorized is essential
More informationAP Chemistry Summer Assignment. Use every modality possible as you try to learn these speak them, write them, visualize them.
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment In order to prepare you for the rigorous course schedule of AP Chemistry, you need to spend some time this summer preparing. You need to master the formulas, charges, and
More informationAP Chemistry (1 of 20) AP Chemistry (2 of 20) AP Chemistry (3 of 20) AP Chemistry (4 of 20) AP Chemistry (5 of 20) AP Chemistry (6 of 20)
Ions Ionic Charges of Representative Elements (1 of 20) (2 of 20) Formulas and Names of Common Metal Ions with More than One Common Ionic Charge Some Common Polyatomic Ions (3 of 20) (4 of 20) Naming Monatomic
More informationChapter 5: Nomenclature
Chem 1025 Prof George W.J. Kenney, Jr Introductory Chemistry, Zumdahl Decoste, 6th ed Last Update: 21July09 Chapter 5: Nomenclature These Notes are to SUPPLIMENT the Text, They do NOT Replace reading the
More information2. Covalent bond bonds in which electrons are shared resulting in a molecule
REVIEW: UNIT 3: BONDING: OXIDATION NUMBERS: NAMING CHEMICALS What are valence electrons? How do you determine valence electrons? How do you write dot notations? The outermost electrons are always s and
More informationIonic Compounds. And Acids
CHAPTER 7 LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOUNDS Inorganic compounds does not contain the element carbon, but there are exception to this rule, CO 2 (carbon dioxide), CO 3 2 (carbonate), and
More informationIonic Compounds and Metals
Ionic Compounds and Metals Chapter 7 Ch. 7.1 Chemical bond Cation Anion Vocabulary Ch. 7.2 Ionic bond Ionic compound Binary compound Crystal lattice Electrolyte Lattice energy 2 Objectives Define a chemical
More informationUNIT 12 Chemical Bonding. Practice Problems
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry UNIT 12 Chemical Bonding Practice Problems Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Warm-Up EC Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS
More informationTernary Compounds. , to give the compound, NaNO 3, sodium nitrate.
Ternary Compounds Ternary Compounds Ternary compounds are those containing three different elements. (NaNO 3, NH 4 Cl, etc.). The naming of ternary compounds involves the memorization of several positive
More informationIonic Compound Solubility. Ionic Compound Solubility. Nitrates (NO 3 - ) Chlorates (ClO 3 - ) Ionic Compound Solubility. Ionic Compound Solubility
Nitrates (NO 3 - ) Chlorates (ClO 3 - ) Perchlorates (ClO 4 - ) Acetates (C 2 H 3 O 2 - ) Alkali Metal Compounds (Li +,Na +,K +,Rb +,Cs + ) Ammonium Compounds (NH 4 + ) Chlorides (Cl - ) Bromides (Br -
More informationU N I T T E S T P R A C T I C E
South Pasadena Honors Chemistry Name 6 Compounds Period Date U N I T T E S T P R A C T I C E Section 1: Multiple Choice. Select the best answer choice for each question. (1 point each) 1. Bonds between
More informationChemistry B11 Chapter 4 Chemical bonds
Chapter 4 Chemical bonds Octet rule: when undergoing chemical reaction, atoms of group 1A7A elements tend to gain, lose, or share sufficient electrons to achieve an electron configuration having eight
More informationF - SO 3 Cl 2. The particles that have lost or gained electrons and have positive or negative charge.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CHEMICAL SPECIES Part II? What are the names of each species? Br 2 Cl F - SO 4-2 H - OH - SO 3 Cl 2 H 2 O? Match the given species with the correct definitions and examples: Atom The
More informationPolyatomic Ions: 2/11/2015
Polyatomic Ions: If you look at the ingredients on a package of regular plant fertilizer, you will likely see the name ammonium nitrate, NH 4 NO 3. The formula shows symbols of three nonmetals: nitrogen,
More informationIONIC BONDING. Belton High School
IONIC BONDING Belton High School Chemical Bond Definition a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms Valence electrons are electrons available to form a
More information1)Ionic and Covalent compounds 2)Formulas and names 3)Mixed nomenclature 4)Calculations: a. moles-atoms-molecules, and all that
Chem 105X Wed. Sept. 18, 2009 Today Tutors Laboratory 1)Ionic and Covalent compounds 2)Formulas and names 3)Mixed nomenclature 4)Calculations: a. moles-atoms-molecules, and all that 9/18/2009 1 Department
More informationUnit 7: Formulas and Equations. NaCl. Jan 22 12:35 PM
Unit 7: Formulas and Equations NaCl Aim: Writing a chemical formula using the compound neutrality rule. Bonding and Stability All things in nature contain energy and prefer to be at a lower energy state
More informationChapter 8 Nomenclature
8.1 Names of Atoms Chapter 8 Nomenclature Simple neutral atoms with no charge are named as is: Na is sodium atom, Ne is neon atom Know the names and symbols for elements #1-20 and Ba, Co, I, Cu, Fe, Pb,
More informationNaming Inorganic Compounds. common names systematic names
Naming Inorganic Compounds common names systematic names Molecular Common Systematic Formula name name AgCl Lunar caustic Silver chloride H 2 SO 4 Oil of vitriol Sulfuric acid MgSO 4 Epsom salts Magnesium
More informationTHE CATION MUST ALWAYS BE WRITTEN FIRST
Name Honors Chemistry / / Binary Ionic Compounds An ionic compound is a compound that is formed between a metal and a non-metal. (Metalloids can also be used in ionic compounds, sometimes as cations and
More informationTest- Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Question Max Point Number Score Scored Date Duration Grade Instructions
Physical Science Test- Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student
More informationChemistry. Test - Unit Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17. Total. Teacher s Use Only. Student s Name. Max Score. Question Number. Point Scored.
Chemistry Test - Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student ID
More informationChemical Bonds CH. 18: PG
Chemical Bonds CH. 18: PG. 552-571 Today s Learning Objectives How does a compound differ from the elements that make it up? What is a chemical bond? Know how to determine the number of valence electrons
More informationChapter 5. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 5 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationText: AP Chemistry Text (I will hand these out by the end of this school year and your school account will be charged directly).
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment 2017 Due to the significant amount of material covered in AP chemistry and the fact that this is the first exposure to chemistry for most of you, it is necessary for you
More informationCan a group of atoms have a charge?
Why? Polyatomic Ions Can a group of atoms have a charge? Do you know you eat a lot of -ates? Next time you look at a food label, read the ingredients and you will likely find a number of ingredients that
More informationChemical Bonding. Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals
Chemical Bonding Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals Essential Questions Why/How do atoms combine with one another to form the vast array of chemical substances that exist?
More informationChapter 6. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 6 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationWelcome to AP Chemistry!
Welcome to AP Chemistry! I am looking forward to next year and hope that you feel the same way. AP Chemistry is a very fast paced course as we cover 2 college semesters of material and need to be prepared
More informationWhat are the rules for writing and naming stable ionic formulas?
1 1. Define electronegativity. a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons. 2. On the periodic table, where are the LEAST/MOST electronegative elements found? Least-Bottom
More informationAtomic Theory and Donding
Surrounding Name Date Atomic Theory and Donding Textbook pages 1 68-183 Summary Before You Read What do you already know about Bohr diagrams? Record your answer in the lines below. What are atoms? An atom
More informationChapter 2. The Components of Matter
Chapter 2. The Components of Matter 1 The Periodic Table (Section 2.6) 13 Al 26.981 Main Idea: 1. Groups: Old numbering system: New IUPAC numbering system: 2. Periods: 3. Know the names and properties
More informationNaming Compounds Class Notes
Naming Compounds Class Notes OBJECTIVE : What are ions, how do they form, why do they form, what happens once they form? 1. All atoms are neutral because they have 2., so that s okay. To start, Noble gases
More informationSummer Assignment Part 2
Summer Assignment Part 2 Name: 1. Metric Conversions. Remember 1 cm 3 = 1 ml 1 L = 1 dm 3 ITEM GIVEN METRIC UNIT DESIRED METRIC UNIT A 8.43 cm mm B 2.41 x 10 2 cm m C 294.5 nm cm D 1.445 x 10 4 m km E
More informationCHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS. Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley
CHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley SECTION 1: CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS While the bulk of the content will come from the Naming Chemical Compounds
More informationChem 105X Fri. Sept. 17, True 2. False. Dihydrogen monoxide is toxic. Today
Chem 105X Fri. Sept. 17, 2010 Today Written homework problem #1 Handed back #2 Due Monday in class Next week s lab 0% 0% 1) Formulas and names 2) Mixed nomenclature 3) Calculations: moles-atoms-molecules,
More informationCommon Ions and Their Charges
Polyatomic Ions COMMON IONS This part of the summer assignment for AP Chemistry is quite simple (but not easy). You need to master the formulas, charges, and names of the common ions. On the first day
More informationChapter 7, Sections 1-2
Chapter 7, Sections 1-2 Chemical Formulas & Compounds Nomenclature and Oxidation numbers C. Goodman, Doral Preparatory Academy, 2011-2014 Based on a PowerPoint by Mrs. S. Temple, Essential Questions Section
More informationChapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations
Chapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations Molecular View of Elements and Compounds 2 How do atom join together to form a compound? compounds are made of atoms held together by chemical bonds
More informationPolyatomic Ions. Why? Model 1 Types of Ions. Can a group of atoms have a charge?
Why? Polyatomic Ions Can a group of atoms have a charge? Do you know you eat a lot of -ates? Next time you look at a food label, read the ingredients and you will likely find a number of ingredients that
More informationTopic 04 Bonding. Ch.08 Ions and their compounds Ch.09 Writing and naming formulas CH.10 Covalent Bonding CH.11 Molecular architecture
Topic 04 Bonding Ch.08 Ions and their compounds Ch.09 Writing and naming formulas CH.10 Covalent Bonding CH.11 Molecular architecture Chemistry 10 T03D01 Molecular Interactions Intermolecular Forces Interaction
More informationBonding-when atoms get it on. Ionic Compounds 9/22/2013. Chemical Formulas and Bonding
Bonding-when atoms get it on Chemical Formulas and Bonding There are two types of bonds that you need to know. The first kind of bond is Ionic bond. Ionic Bond = when a positive ion is attracted to a negatively
More informationCHAPTER 2: ATOMS, IONS, AND MOLECULES
CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, IONS, AND MOLECULES Problems: 2.1-2.78, 2.81-2.93, 2.94-2.96, 2.111-2.119, 2.121, 2.127 2.1 THE NUCLEAR MODEL OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE Joseph John (J. J.) Thomson (1897) carried out experiments
More informationBell Work 6-Nov How many valence electrons does magnesium and oxygen have? Draw their Lewis dot structures.
Bell Work 6-Nov-2012 How many valence electrons does magnesium and oxygen have? Draw their Lewis dot structures. Objective: You will UNDERSTAND how to write a basic chemical formula Ions Some compounds
More informationNomenclature Report. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2019 page 1 of 6
Nomenclature Report Introduction Ionic Compound Nomenclature An ionic compound is described as an electrostatic attractive force between oppositely charged ions. Monoatomic Cations Metal cations are formed
More informationFormation of Ions. Ions formed when atoms gain or lose valence e - to achieve a stable octet
Ionic Bonding Formation of Ions Ions formed when atoms gain or lose valence e - to achieve a stable octet Cation Positively charged ion Forms when atom loses electrons Anion negatively charged ion Forms
More informationChapter 6: Ionic and Molecular Compounds
Chapter 6: Ionic and Molecular Compounds 1. Recall that the group number indicates the number of valence electrons for any element in that group. Each noble gas has eight valence electrons (except helium,
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 6 - Nomenclature Practice Problems
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 6 - Nomenclature Practice Problems Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Warm-Up EC Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located
More informationValence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element s atoms.
7.1 Periodic Trends > Valence Electrons Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element s atoms. 1 of 31 Periodic Trends > 2 of 31 Periodic Trends > 3 of 31 7.1 Periodic
More informationChapter 6 Chemical Names and Formulas
Chemistry/ PEP Name: Date: Chapter 6 Chemical Names and Formulas Chapter 6: 1 9, 12, 14 24, 26 28, 31 36, 40, 42, 49, 52, 53, 56, 58, 62, 67 (37 total) 1. Provide the name and symbol of the ion formed
More informationUnit 8: Ionic Compounds Notes and Practice
Name our Date What is bonding? Unit 8: Ionic Compounds Notes and Practice that hold atoms together to form compounds. Positive Ion Formation tend to valence e-. A charged ion is called a. Ex. Na o will
More informationProblem Set #4 (U1, L17-24)
Name: Block: Date: Problem Set #4 (U1, L17-24) Vocab/Concepts: Fill in the blanks or circle the correct response in brackets. 1. In our model of the atom, electrons are arranged into, which are also known
More informationIntramolecular Bonding. Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie
Intramolecular Bonding Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie What determines the type of intramolecular bond? An intramolecular bond is any force that holds two atoms together to form a compound; 3 types
More informationWorksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds)
Worksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds) 1. Name the first element. 2. Name the second element with an ide ending Example: NaCl A1
More informationTopic 5: The Language of Chemistry
Topic 5: The Language of Chemistry Chemical Formulas & Chemical Compounds (Chapter 7 in Modern Chemistry) A Chemical Formula Recall that a chemical formula indicates the relative number of atoms of each
More informationAP CHEMISTRY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT
For: Students enrolled in 2017-2018 AP Chemistry Course From: Mrs. Vanessa Urteaga (L-154) Edmodo Code: https://www.edmodo.com/home#/join/nidt95 or aszj8baszj8b This assignment is a review of things you
More informationStoichiometry Practice Problems
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Stoichiometry Practice Problems Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Warm-Up EC Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS
More informationchemistry FlipCards concepts on-the-go 2013 Hexco Academic
chemistry FlipCards concepts on-the-go 2013 Hexco Academic Chemistry FlipCards 2013 HEXCO ACADEMIC PO Box 199 Hunt, TX 78024 1-800-391-2891 www.hexco.com p.1 Chemistry FlipCards organize a vast amount
More informationTustin HS AP Chemistry SUMMER ASSIGNMENT
Tustin HS AP Chemistry SUMMER ASSIGNMENT Instructor: Email: Ms. Abbey Zinsser azinsser@tustin.k12.ca.us or azinsser@mytusd.org Textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science, Brown, LeMay, Bursten, 11 th edition
More informationElements combine to form compounds chemical bonds. Chemical Bonding
Elements combine to form compounds chemical bonds Chemical Bonding Review Valence electrons Using periodic table to determine them. General bonding rules: If an atom has 1 to 3 valence electrons, it will
More informationNaming Simple Compounds
Naming Simple Compounds Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds consist of positive and negative ions. have attractions called ionic bonds between positively and negatively charged ions. have high melting and
More informationHe 1s 2 2 Ne 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 8 = Ar 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 8 = O 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 6 = S 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 6 = 2 + 4
Bonding is the joining of two atoms in a stable arrangement. CHAPTER 7: IONIC COMPOUNDS There are two different kinds of bonding: 1. Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons from one element to
More information9/19/07. Chemistry 6A Fall 2007 Dr. J. A. Mack. Molar Masses. Avagagro s s Number. Avogadro s Number and the Mole
Chemistry 6A Fall 007 Dr. J. A. Mack Avogadro s Number and the Mole The concept of a mole is defined so that we may equate the amount of matter (mass) to the number of particles (mole). The Standard is
More informationCHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014
CHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014 Chapter 3: Compounds and Formulas Today: Types of compounds: Ionic vs. covalent Naming ionic compounds Naming binary covalent compounds (two elements only) Ionic Bonding
More informationChemical Bonding. Chemical Bonds. Metals, Ions, or Molecules. All Matter Exists as Atoms,
Chemical Bonding Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that is that valence electrons are the
More informationName. Academic Chemistry Stoichiometry Notes. Unit #10 Test Date: cincochem.pbworks.com
Name Academic Chemistry Stoichiometry Notes Unit #10 Test Date: cincochem.pbworks.com Resources Unit 10 Common Polyatomic Ions List 20 Name Common Polyatomic Ion Ions Name Ion acetate C 2 H 3 O 2 or CH3
More informationNomenclature of inorganic compounds. = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds. Some definitions:
1 Chemistry 047 Inorganic Nomenclature Nomenclature of inorganic compounds = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds Some definitions: Nomenclature = system used by chemists to name and identify compounds
More informationChapter 6 Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding 1. Define electronegativity. 2. How does electronegativity vary as the atomic number of an element increases within the same period of the periodic table? 3. How is the strength
More informationNaming Ionic Compounds with Two Elements
Chapter 6 Lecture Chapter 6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds 6.3 Naming and Writing Ionic Compounds Fifth Edition Naming of Ionic Compounds In the name of an ionic compound, the positive ion (first ion) is
More informationThe chemical formulas of most of the elements are simply their elemental symbol:
Chemical Formulas A chemical formula gives the numbers and types of atoms that are found in a substance. When the substance is a discrete molecule, then the chemical formula is also its molecular formula.
More information5072 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH SPA) BASIC TECHNIQUES 5067 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH PRACTICAL EXAM) BASIC TECHNIQUES
5072 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH SPA) BASIC TECHNIQUES 5067 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH PRACTICAL EXAM) BASIC TECHNIQUES LEARNING OUTCOMES a) Be able to write formulae of simple compounds b) Be able to write
More informationNames and Formulas of Compounds. J. Venables
Names and Formulas of Compounds Chemistry 2 Honors J. Venables Northwestern High School Formation of Compounds When an atom or molecule loses electrons, it becomes positively charged. For example, when
More informationIntramolecular Bonding. Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie
Intramolecular Bonding Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie What determines the type of intramolecular bond? An intramolecular bond is any force that holds two atoms together to form a compound; 3 types
More information