Physics 126 Practice Exam #4 Professor Siegel
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1 Physics 126 Practice Exam #4 Professor Siegel Name: Lab Day: 1. Light is usually thought of as wave-like in nature and electrons as particle-like. In which one of the following instances does light behave as a particle or does an electron behave as a wave? A) A Young's double slit experiment is conducted using blue light. B) X-rays are used to examine the crystal structure of sodium chloride. C) Water is heated to 99.0 o C in a microwave oven. D) An electron enters a parallel plate capacitor, which deflects the electron downward. E) A beam of electrons is diffracted as it passes through a narrow slit. 2. Upon which one of the following parameters does the energy of a photon depend? A) mass B) amplitude C) polarization D) frequency E) phase relationships 3. Determine the energy of a single photon in a monochromatic beam of light of wavelength 625 nm. A) 1.99 ev B) 2.08 ev C) 2.32 ev D) 3.49 ev E) 4.77 ev 4. A laser emits a single, 3.0-ms pulse of light that has a frequency of Hz and a total power of W. How many photons are in the pulse? A) B) C) D) E) Page 1
2 5. Which one of the following phrases best describes the term work function? A) the minimum energy required to vaporize a metal surface B) the work required to place a charged particle on a metal surface C) the minimum energy required to remove electrons from a metal surface D) the minimum energy required to remove an atom from a metal surface E) the work done by electromagnetic radiation when it hits a metal surface Use the following to answer questions 6-7: A physicist wishes to produce electrons by shining light on a metal surface. The light source emits light with a wavelength of 450 nm. The table lists the only available metals and their work functions. Metal barium lithium tantalum tungsten W0 (ev) Which metal(s) can be used to produce electrons by the photoelectric effect? A) barium only B) tungsten only C) tungsten or tantalum D) barium or lithium E) lithium, tantalum, or tungsten 7. Which entry in the table below correctly identifies the metal that will produce the most energetic electrons and their energies? A) B) Metal lithium lithium Maximum electron energy observed 2.3 ev 0.5 ev C) D) tungsten tungsten 1.8 ev 2.8 ev E) tungsten 4.5 ev Page 2
3 8. In the Compton scattering experiment shown in the figure, a monochromatic beam of X- rays strikes a target containing free electrons. Scattered X-rays are detected with a wavelength of m at an angle of 45 away from the original beam direction. What is the wavelength of the incident monochromatic X-rays? Note: The mass of an electron is kg. A) m B) m C) m D) m E) m 9. Determine the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron (m = kg) that has a speed of 5.0 m/s. A) 79 nm B) 162 nm C) 395 nm D) 529 nm E) 1980 nm 10. The position of a hydrogen atom (m = kg) is known to within m. What is the minimum uncertainty in the atom's velocity? A) zero m/s B) m/s C) m/s D) m/s E) m/s Page 3
4 11. Each atom in the periodic table has a unique set of spectral lines. The model of atomic structure that provides the best explanation for this observation was proposed by A) Balmer. B) Bohr. C) Einstein. D) Rutherford. E) Thomson. 12. Why was it necessary for Bohr to require that electrons remain in stationary orbits? A) An electron must travel in a circular path. B) It was required by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. C) No two electrons can be in the same region in the atom. D) It was required by the Pauli exclusion principle. E) Classical physics predicts that the electron should spiral into the nucleus. 13. Electrons have been removed from a lithium atom (Z = 3) until only one remains. Determine the energy of the photon that can be emitted if the remaining electron is in the n = 2 level. A) 33.7 ev B) 54.4 ev C) 91.9 ev D) 163 ev E) 181 ev 14. Which one of the following will result in an electron transition from the n = 4 level to the n = 7 level in a hydrogen atom? A) emission of a 0.28 ev photon B) emission of a 0.57 ev photon C) absorption of a 0.85 ev photon D) absorption of a 0.28 ev photon E) absorption of a 0.57 ev photon 15. Determine the energy of the photon emitted when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from the n = 7 level to the n = 4 level. A) 0.17 ev B) 0.21 ev C) 0.36 ev D) 0.57 ev E) 1.3 ev Page 4
5 16. According to the Bohr model, what is the radius of a hydrogen atom when its electron is excited to the n = 9 state? A) m B) m C) m D) m E) m 17. The electron in a hydrogen atom is in the n = 3 state. What is(are) the possible value(s) for an emitted photon? A) 1.89 ev or ev B) 1.89 ev or 13.6 ev C) 0.66 ev or 13.6 ev D) 0.66 ev or ev E) 1.51 ev only 18. How many neutrons are there in the nucleus ? A) 79 B) 55 C) 134 D) 24 E) Which one of the following pairs of symbols represents two isotopes? A) O, 7N B) C, 6C C) O, 11Na D) N, 6C E) N, 6C Page 5
6 20. Osmium has atomic number 76. A particular isotope of osmium has an atomic mass of u. Which symbol correctly represents this isotope? A) B) C) D) E) 192 Os Os 76 Os Os 111 Os What is the approximate radius of a nitrogen nucleus that has seven protons and seven neutrons? A) m B) m C) m D) m E) m 22. What is the binding energy per nucleon of Hg that has an atomic mass of u? Note: Use the following atomic masses in your calculation: 1 H 1 = u and 1 0 = u. A) MeV B) MeV C) MeV D) MeV E) MeV 23. Which particle(s) is(are) emitted when decays into 40 20? A) a photon B) a proton C) an alpha particle D) a positron and a neutrino E) an electron and an antineutrino Page 6
7 24. Which one of the following isotopes is produced when 145 Pm 61 decays by emitting an α particle? A) B) C) D) E) La Pr Nd Pm Sm 25. An isotope of krypton has a half-life of 3 minutes. A sample of this isotope produces 1000 counts per minute in a Geiger counter. Determine the number of counts per minute produced after 15 minutes. A) zero B) 15 C) 30 D) 60 E) 1000 Page 7
8 Answer Key 1. E 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. E 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. E 13. C 14. E 15. D 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. D 23. E 24. B 25. C Page 8
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