Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
|
|
- Shanon Patrick
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Introduction: and Based on Power Point Presentation by James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT
2 What is Chemistry? the study of the properties and behavior of matter. Central to our fundamental understanding of many science-related fields.
3 What is? In general, anything that has mass and takes up space. Chemical matter is composed of atoms and molecules.
4 Atoms: Building Blocks of Chemical Atoms are incredible tiny (~10 10 m in diameter) Element: simplest form of chemical matter. Each element corresponds to a unique type of atom. Note: Balls of different colors represent atoms of different elements. Individual atoms can bond together to form larger structures called molecules. Compound: substance composed of two or more different of elements (i.e. two or more atom types).
5 Classification of According to State Three states of chemical matter: Ø Solid (e.g. ice) Ø Liquid (e.g. water in its standard state) Ø Gas (e.g. water vapor) Click here for a YouTube tutorial video on the 3 states of matter. Be able to relate the observed properties of each state to its respective molecular-level model.
6 Classifying Based on Composition Follow this flow chart to classify any sample of matter as one of the following: Ø Element Ø Compound Ø Homogeneous mixture Ø Heterogeneous mixture
7 Classification of Pure Substances Pure Substance: has distinct properties, and its composition does not vary from sample to sample. The two types of pure substances are elements and compounds. Ø Element: can t be decomposed to simpler substances. Ø Compound: can be decomposed to simpler substances. (Composed of two or more elements.)
8 Compounds and Composition Law of Constant Composition (or Law of Definite Proportions): A given compound is always composed of the same two or more elements, which are always present in the same ratio by mass. (e.g. water always contains 8 grams of oxygen per gram of hydrogen.) According to atomic theory, this is because the relative number of atoms of each element that makes up the compound is the same in any sample of the compound. (e.g. water is always composed of two H atoms for every one O atom, and an O atom is 16 times more massive than an H atom.)
9 Mixture Physical blend of two or more pure substances; components can usually be separated by physical means. Exhibits the properties of the substances that make it up. Heterogeneous Mixture: varies in composition throughout a sample Homogeneous Mixture (or Solution): has the same composition throughout; thoroughly mixed down to the atomic/molecular level.
10 Types of Properties Physical Property: observed without changing a substance into another substance. Examples: boiling point, density, mass, and volume. Chemical Properties: observed as a consequence of one substance changing into another substance. Examples: flammability, corrosiveness, and reactivity with acid.
11 Types of Properties: Another Way to Classify Them Extensive Properties: depend on the amount of the substance present. Ø Examples: mass, volume, or energy. Intensive Properties: independent of the amount of the substance that is present. Examples: density, boiling point, and color. Note: any property that is a ratio of two extensive properties (e.g. density = mass/volume) is an intensive property.
12 Types of Changes Physical Changes: changes in matter that do not change the composition of a substance. Examples: changes of state, temperature, and volume. Chemical Changes: result in new substances. Examples: combustion, oxidation, and decomposition.
13 Physical Changes in State of Ø Alter the physical form but not the type of matter present Ø Examples include changes of state (e.g. when ice melts or water evaporates, there are still 2 H atoms and 1 O atom in each molecule.)
14 Chemical Reactions (Chemical Changes) Ø The starting substances (reactants) are converted to new substances (products) with different properties. Ø Here, the elements hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ) become the compound water (H 2 O). Click here to view a video that demonstrates the differences between chemical and physical properties and changes. Also covered are the topics of elements, compounds, and mixtures.
15 Separating Mixtures Mixtures can be separated based on physical properties of the components of the mixture. Some methods used to separate the components of mixtures are Ø Filtration Ø Distillation Ø Chromatography
16 Filtration Solid substances are separated from liquids and solutions Liquid portion passes through pores in the filter paper; while solid particles cannot.
17 Distillation Uses differences in the boiling points of substances to separate a homogeneous mixture into its components. Relative to the boiling liquid mixture, the vapor is more concentrated in the more volatile component The vapor is then condensed and collected in a receiving flask.
18 Chromatography A mixture is dissolved in a solvent (mobile phase) that carries it through the chromatography column. Substances separate based on differences in their abilities to adhere to the solid surface (stationary phase) In this case, substance a adheres most strongly to the stationary phase and, thus, comes out last. Substance c adheres least strongly and comes out first.
19 Numbers and Chemistry Chemistry is very quantitative, as it often involves things with numerical values (i.e. experimental measurements). Important Numerical Concepts in Science Ø Scientific Notation Ø Units of measurement Ø Quantities that are measured and calculated Ø Uncertainty in measurement Ø Significant figures Ø Dimensional analysis
20 Units of : SI Units Système International d Unités (International System of Units) Each fundamental quantity has its own base (see above table). Derived SI units are constructed from the appropriate base units (e.g. the SI unit for velocity is meters per second, m/s).
21 Scientific Notation Convenient way of expressing both the very large and very small quantities often encountered in science o Example: There are 6 x atoms in 1 gram of hydrogen. o Example: The mass of a proton is 1.67 x kg. Click here for a YouTube video tutorial on Scientific Notation. This 14 minute video gives lots of examples.
22 Metric Prefixes: convert base units into units that are more common and/or convenient
23 Mass and Length Two of the most basic units commonly measured in science. Mass: measure of the amount of matter in an object. SI unit is the kilogram (kg). Length: measure of distance. SI is the meter (m).
24 Volume: Example of a Derived Unit Derived from a base/fundamental unit: length The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter: m m m = m 3. More commonly used metric units of volume: liter (L) and milliliter (ml). Ø A liter is a cube 1 decimeter (dm) long on each side. (1 L = 1 dm 3 ) Ø A milliliter is a cube 1 centimeter (cm) long on each side, also called 1 cubic centimeter: cm cm cm = cm 3. (1 ml = 1 cm 3 )
25 Temperature v Generally related the hotness and coldness of an object. v Determines the direction of heat flow. Heat always flows spontaneously from a higher temperature to a lower temperature. v Higher temperatures correspond to more thermal energy (random atomic/molecular motion) in a substance. v In scientific measurements, the Celsius and Kelvin scales are used most often used.
26 Temperature Units Used in Science Celsius scale: based on the properties of water. Ø 0 C is the freezing point of water. Ø 100 C is the boiling point of water. Kelvin scale: the absolute temperature Ø The SI unit of temperature. Ø The Kelvin unit has the same size as the Celsius unit, but the two scales have different zero points Ø 0 K is the lowest possible temperature ( absolute zero ). This is the point at which all thermal energy would have been drained from an object; so the temperature cannot get any lower. Ø 0 K = C Conversion Between Scales (given on AP Exam) K = C
27 Density o The mass to volume ratio of a substance: D = m/v o a physical property, with units derived from units for mass and volume. The most common density unit for liquids and solids is g/ml (Note: 1 g/ml = 1 g/cm 3 ) For example, the density of aluminum at 20 C is 2.7 g/cm 3. A common density unit for gases is g/l. For example, the density of air at sea level and 15 C is 1.2 g/l. The SI unit of density is kg/m 3, but it is not commonly used. For example, the density of aluminum at 20 C is 2.7 x 10 3 kg/m 3.
28 Types Numbers Encountered in Science Exact Numbers Ø Either counted explicitly (e.g. there are 16 students in a classroom) or given by definition (e.g. there are 12 eggs in 1 dozen) Ø There is no uncertainty in their values. Inexact (Measured) Numbers: Ø Involve a certain level of estimation, which is dependent upon the circumstances of each measurement Ø Uncertainty is inherent in any measurement, since both scientists and scientific instruments have limitations. (For example, some scientists have better eyesight than others. Also, some balances measure to ±0.01 g; others measure to ±0.0001g.)
29 Accuracy Accuracy versus Precision ² refers to the closeness of a measurement to the true value of a quantity. ² Based on comparing the measured value to the true/accepted value for the quantity. Precision ² refers to the proximity of several measurements to each other. ² Based on comparing the measured values to each other. (The true value is not taken into account when determining precision.) Click here to view a tutorial video on the difference between accuracy and precision.
30 Significant Figures Each measured or calculated value has a certain number of significant figures. These are the digits in which there is a good level of confidence. Measuring the smallest significant digit involves a certain level of estimation. This determines the precision (i.e. level of reproducibility) of the measured value.
31 Uncertainty in s Each measurement involves a certain degree of inherent random error, which limits the precision (reproducibility) of the measured value. The amount of precision (i.e. number of sig figs) in a measurement is largely determined by the instrument used. For instance, the graduated cylinder shown below measures volume to a precision of ± 1 ml, while the burette is precise to ± 0.1 ml. Click here to view a video tutorial on determining the numbers of significant figures in measured values.
32 Rules for Determining the Number of Significant Figures in a Numerical Value 1. All nonzero digits are significant. 2. Zeroes between two significant figures are themselves significant. 3. Zeroes at the beginning of a number are never significant. 4. Zeroes at the end of a number are significant if a decimal point is written in the number.
33 Rules for Determining the Number of Significant Figures in a Calculated Value Note: the precision of a calculated value is limited by the precision of the numbers used in the calculation. We must round the calculated value to the correct number of significant figures so as to not overstate the precision of the answer. For addition or subtraction, answers are rounded to the least significant decimal place. For multiplication or division, answers are rounded to the number of digits that corresponds to the least number of significant figures in any of the numbers used in the calculation. Click here to view a video with a comprehensive review of how to determine the numbers of sig figs in both given numbers and calculated values.
34 Dimensional Analysis Used to convert one quantity to another. Often utilizes conversion factors between equivalent quantities (e.g., 1 in. = 2.54 cm exactly, by definition). For instance, the equivalence between inches and centimeters can be used to convert from cm to in. (1 in/2.54 cm) or from inches to cm (2.54 cm/1 in.) We use the ratio which allows us to change units (puts the units we have in the denominator to cancel). Click here to view a video tutorial involving a simple one-step unit conversion of a measured value.
35 Additional Video Tutorials from YouTube Click here to view a tutorial video that includes two multi-step conversion problems. Click here to view a video covering a numerical word problem involving a density calculation. Click here to view a video covering a numerical word problem to determine the diameter of a red blood cell.
CHEM 103 CHEMISTRY I
CHEM 103 CHEMISTRY I Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: MATTER AND MEASUREMENT Inst. Dr. Dilek IŞIK TAŞGIN Inter-Curricular Courses Department Çankaya University Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the properties
More informationChapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement. Lecture Presentation. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO
Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Introduction: and John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Chemistry In this science we study matter, its properties, and its behavior. We define
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement. James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT
Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT Why do we study chemistry? My parents want me to study chemistry. I need to graduate.
More informationChapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
23/07/2014 Chemistry Chapter 1 Introduction: and AP Chemistry 2014-15 North Nova Education Centre Mr. Gauthier In this science we study matter and the changes it undergoes. Scientific Method The scientific
More informationChapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement. Chemistry. In this science we study matter, its properties, and its behavior. Matter And Measurement
Chapter 1 Introduction: and Chemistry 2 In this science we study matter, its properties, and its behavior. We define matter as anything that has mass and takes up space. 3 4 Atoms are the building blocks
More informationCH.1 Matter & Measurements
CH.1 Matter & Measurements Chemistry- the study of matter and its behavior and properties. Matter- anything with mass and takes up space. If you can find it on the periodic table its matter. Atom- Building
More informationChapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 1 Introduction: and Chemistry: The study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Scientific
More informationChapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 1 Introduction: and John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Chemistry
More informationWelcome to General Chemistry I
Welcome to General Chemistry I Chemistry Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes H 2 O http://theresilientearth.com/?q=content/climate-models-blown-away-water-vapor
More informationIntroduction to AP Chemistry: Matter and Measurement
Introduction to AP Chemistry: and Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School AP Chemistry Chemistry The study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Scientific Method A systematic approach to solving problems.
More informationCh 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement
AP Chemistry: Introduction: Matter and Measurement Lecture Outline 1.1 The Study of Chemistry Chemistry study of properties of materials and changes that they undergo. Can be applied to all aspects of
More informationChapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 1 Introduction: and Scientific Method: A systematic approach to solving problems. Empirical
More informationChemistry 151. Matter And Measurement
Chemistry 151 Professor James H. Geiger Office: Chemistry Building, Room 9 Office Hours: 1:30-2:30 PM MWF, and other times by appointment (send me an email). You can also drop by, but I might be busy.
More informationChapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement Honors Chemistry Lecture Notes. 1.1 The Study of Chemistry: The study of and the it undergoes.
Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement Honors Chemistry Lecture Notes 1.1 The Study of Chemistry: The study of and the it undergoes. Matter: Anything that has and takes up The Atomic and Molecular
More informationChapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science. CHEM 101 Dr. Geoff Sametz Fall 2009
Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science CHEM 101 Dr. Geoff Sametz Fall 2009 What IS Chemistry? Text: The study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes Focus: how matter interacts at the atomic/molecular
More informationChemistry. The study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry. The study of matter and the changes it undergoes 5 Major Areas of Chemistry Analytical Chemistry- composition of substances. Inorganic Chemistry- substances without carbon Organic Chemistry-
More informationCHEM134, Fall 2018 Dr. Al-Qaisi Chapter 1 review
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Ø Know the Scientific approach to knowledge Ø Define Mater, atom and molecule ü Explain and give examples of the following: element, mixture, mixture
More informationChapter 1. Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 28/11/1435
Chapter 1 Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Second Edition Nivaldo J. Tro CRS Clicker Questions Jason A. Kautz University of Nebraska-Lincoln Which of the following
More informationGilbert Kirss Foster. Chapter 1. Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe
Gilbert Kirss Foster Chapter 1 Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe Chapter Outline 1.1 States of Matter 1.2 Forms of Energy 1.3 Classes of Matter 1.4 Properties of Matter 1.5 Atomic Theory: The Scientific
More informationCHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement
CHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 1: Matter & Measurement Learning Objectives:! Definition of matter! Solids, liquids, and gases! Physical
More informationChapter 1 Matter,Measurement, and Problem Solving
Chapter 1 Matter,Measurement, and Problem Solving Classification of Matter matter is anything that has mass and occupies space we can classify matter based on whether it s solid, liquid, or gas State Shape
More informationAP Chemistry Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations. The only thing that matters is Matter!
AP Chemistry Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations The only thing that matters is Matter! The Scientific Method 1. Observations (collecting data) -quantitative or qualitative 2. Formulating hypothesis - possible
More information6 th Grade Introduction to Chemistry
Lesson 1 (Describing Matter) 6 th Grade Introduction to Chemistry Matter anything that has mass and takes up space All the stuff in the natural world is matter. Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Chemistry
More informationCHEMISTRY. Introduction: Matter & Measurement. Cpt. 1 and 2
CHEMISTRY The Central Science Introduction: Matter & Measurement Cpt. 1 and 2 What is Chemistry? The central science The study of the matter, its composition, properties, and the changes it undergoes.
More informationProfessor Abdul Muttaleb Jaber. Textbook: Chemistry, Julia Burdge
Professor Abdul Muttaleb Jaber Textbook: Chemistry, Julia Burdge Course Syllabus Chapter 1 Chemistry: The central science The study of chemistry Classification of matter Scientific measurement The properties
More informationStudy guide for AP test on TOPIC 1 Matter & Measurement
Study guide for AP test on TOPIC 1 Matter & Measurement The following list is a GUIDE to what you should study in order to be prepared for the AP test on TOPIC 1 ALL students should: Recall a definition
More informationIntroduction. Chapter 1. The Study of Chemistry. The scientific method is a systematic approach to research
1 Introduction Chapter 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2 Macroscopic The Study of Chemistry Microscopic 2 3 The scientific method is a systematic
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement. James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Introduction: and James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is central to our fundamental
More informationChemistry: The Central Science
Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science Dr. A. Al-Saadi 1 Chapter 1 Section 1 Why Chemistry? Everything in this universe is made out of approximately 100 different kinds of atoms. Sand (Silicon, Oxygen)
More informationScientific Measurement
Scientific Measurement A quantity is anything having a measurable size or amount For Example: 5 But 5 what? A unit assigns value to a measured quantity For Example: 5 ft, 5 gal, 5 sec, 5 m, 5 g. Base Units
More informationMeasurements UNITS FOR MEASUREMENTS
Measurements UNITS FOR MEASUREMENTS Chemistry is an experimental science that requires the use of a standardized system of measurements. By international agreement in 1960, scientists around the world
More informationChapter COURSE NAME: CHEMISTRY 101 COURSE CODE:
Chapter 1 COURSE NAME: CHEMISTRY 101 COURSE CODE: 402101-4 Chapter 1 2 International System of Units (SI) Science problem solving requires both: Metric system English system 3 4 Volume SI derived unit
More informationHow is matter classified?
Matter How is matter classified? AP Chemistry (1 of 45) AP Chemistry (2 of 45) Solids Liquids AP Chemistry (3 of 45) AP Chemistry (4 of 45) Gases Classification Scheme for Matter AP Chemistry (5 of 45)
More informationChapter 1 Scientific Measurements
Chapter 1 Scientific Measurements Chemistry, 7 th Edition International Student Version Brady/Jespersen/Hyslop Matter and Its Classifications Matter Anything that has mass and occupies space Mass How much
More informationCh 1 Chemistry and Measurement
Ch 1 Chemistry and Measurement Matter - Matter is anything that has substance and occupies space. Matter also has mass and volume. - A material is any particular type of matter. - An atom is the smallest
More informationChapter 1. Chemical Foundations
Chapter 1 Chemical Foundations Section 1.1 Chemistry: An Overview A main challenge of chemistry is to understand the connection between the macroscopic world that we experience and the microscopic world
More informationHonors Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem Handout Solve the following on separate sheets of paper. Where appropriate, show all work. 1. Convert each of the
Honors Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem Handout Solve the following on separate sheets of paper. Where appropriate, show all work. 1. Convert each of the following quantities to the required unit. a. 12.75
More informationName Date Class MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR UNCERTAINTY
3.1 MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR UNCERTAINTY Section Review Objectives Convert measurements to scientific notation Distinguish among the accuracy, precision, and error of a measurement Identify the number of
More informationChapter 2: Standards for Measurement. 2.1 Scientific Notation
Chapter 2: Standards for Measurement 2.1 Scientific Notation A measurement (quantitative observation) consists of two parts: o Numerical value which gives magnitude, and o Unit which gives the scale used
More informationExample 3: 4000: 1 significant digit Example 4: : 4 significant digits
Notes: Measurement and Math 1 Accuracy and Precision Precision depends on the precision of the measuring device o For example a device that can measure to the ten thousands place (1.6829 grams) is a more
More information2 Standards for Measurement. Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory!
2 Standards for Measurement Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory! Chapter Outline 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Measurement and
More informationChemistry and Measurement
Chemistry and Measurement What Is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and energy and changes that matter undergoes. Matter is anything that occupies
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 1. Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving. Christian Madu, Ph.D. Collin College Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving Christian Madu, Ph.D. Collin College What Do You Think? What do you think is the most important idea in all of human knowledge? If
More informationMatter & Measurement. Brown, LeMay Ch 1 AP Chemistry Monta Vista High School
Matter & Measurement Brown, LeMay Ch 1 AP Chemistry Monta Vista High School 1.2 & 1.3: The Basics States of matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma, BEC Elements: substances that cannot be decomposed into simpler
More informationChapter 1 Reading Guide Introduction: Matter and Measurement. 1. Chemistry is the study of matter and the it undergoes.
Chapter 1 Reading Guide Introduction: Matter and Measurement Name Section 1.1 The Study of Chemistry 1. Chemistry is the study of matter and the it undergoes. 2. Matter is characterized as anything that
More informationSYLLABUS INDEX CARD NAME MAJOR (IF YOU DON T HAVE ONE INTEREST) WHAT DO YOU WANT TO BE WHEN YOU GROW UP?
WELCOME CHEMISTRY 131: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY Mrs. DeVos September 19, 2011 SYLLABUS INDEX CARD NAME MAJOR (IF YOU DON T HAVE ONE INTEREST) WHAT DO YOU WANT TO BE WHEN YOU GROW UP? WHY ARE YOU TAKING
More informationChemistry Foundations of Chemistry Test. This is due:
Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Test This is due: Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper (or on this paper if you have room), staple to this paper (if you used a separate
More informationChapter 3 Scientific Measurement
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement Measurements We make measurements every day: buying products, sports activities, and cooking Qualitative measurements are words, such as heavy or hot Quantitative measurements
More informationChapter 1 Chemistry and Measurement
Chapter 1 Chemistry and Measurement Contents and Concepts An Introduction to Chemistry We start by defining the science called chemistry and introducing some fundamental concepts. 1. Modern Chemistry:
More informationChapter 1: Chemical Foundations A Summary
Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations A Summary 1.1 Chemistry: An Overview A. Reaction of hydrogen and oxygen 1. Two molecules of hydrogen react with one molecule of oxygen to form two molecules of water 2H
More informationLecture 1 - Outline. 1.4 & 1.5 Things you need to know about Measurements
Lecture 1 - Outline Syllabus + Course Intro. 1.1 What is Chemistry? 1.2 & 1.3 Chemical Terminology 1.4 & 1.5 Things you need to know about Measurements 1.6 Unit Conversion What is chemistry? Why are we
More informationChapter 1. Chemistry: The Study of Change. Chemistry, Raymond Chang 10th edition, 2010 McGraw-Hill
Chemistry, Raymond Chang 10th edition, 2010 McGraw-Hill Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Study of Change Ahmad Aqel Ifseisi Assistant Professor of Analytical Chemistry College of Science, Department of Chemistry
More informationFundamental Concepts C020
Fundamental Concepts C020 Matter and Measurement (M&H Ch. 1) Chemistry and Matter Matter is anything that has a mass and occupies space, and chemistry is the study of matter at the molecular level, where
More informationJames Chickos Room B435. Introductory Chemistry 1111
James Chickos Room B435 Introductory Chemistry 1111 What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of substances in terms of Composition of Matter What a material it made of Structure of Matter How the elementary
More informationMeasurement and Chemical Calculations. Measurement and Chemical Calculations
Measurement and Chemical Calculations. Chapter 3 Measurement and Chemical Calculations Very large and very small numbers: exponential notation Metric system and SI base units Mass, length, temperature,
More informationChapter 1 Matter and Energy. Classifying Matter An Exercise. Chemical Classifications of Matter
Chapter 1 Matter and Energy Matter and its Classification Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties of Matter Energy and Energy Changes Scientific Inquiry 1-1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
More informationKeys to the Study of Chemistry. 1.1 Fundamental Definitions
Keys to the Study of Chemistry Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, changes, and the energy associated with these changes Matter is everything that has mass an occupies space Pure substances
More informationUnit 1 Worksheet Packet KEY
Unit Worksheet Packet KEY Name Period Worksheet (Goals 6) SECTION 2. PROPERTIES of MATTER (pages 34 37) This section helps you identify the characteristics of matter and substances. It teaches you how
More informationDESCRIBING MATTER. Matter is anything that has mass and volume
DESCRIBING MATTER Matter is anything that has mass and volume Mass the amount of matter in an object measured with a balance Units are grams, kilograms (SI), centigrams Weight the measurement of gravitational
More informationInternational System of Units (SI)
Measurement International System of Units (SI) revised metric system proposed in 1960 widely used in science 7 base units SI Base Units Length Meter m Mass Kilogram kg Time Electrical current Second Ampere
More informationPart 1: Matter. Chapter 1: Matter, Measurements, and Calculations. Sections MATTER Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
Part 1: Matter Chapter 1: Matter, Measurements, and Calculations Sections 1.1-1.4 1 2 MATTER Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. MASS Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an
More informationWelcome to Chemistry 121
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake Welcome to Chemistry 121 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake
More informationCHAPTER 2 Data Analysis
CHAPTER 2 Data Analysis 2.1 Units of Measurement The standard of measurement used in science are those of the metric system. All the units are based on 10 or multiples of 10. SI Units: The International
More informationCHAPTER ONE. The Foundations of Chemistry
CHAPTER ONE The Foundations of Chemistry Red pigment CHAPTER 1 The Foundations of Chemistry The rose on the right is in an atmosphere of sulfur dioxide, SO 2. Gaseous SO 2 and aqueous solutions of HSO
More informationEOC review questions I
Name: Class: _ Date: _ EOC review questions I Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. mixture d. reactant b. product e. heterogeneous mixture c. phase f. vapor 1. gaseous state of
More informationChapter 2. Preview. Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method
Preview Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of
More informationChemical Principles 50:160:115. Fall understand, not just memorize. remember things from one chapter to the next
Chemical Principles 50:160:115 Fall 2016 Chemistry is easy IF: don t fall behind understand, not just memorize do problems remember things from one chapter to the next Proficient in: Explanations at the
More informationLecture Notes: Chem 110 Chapter 1
1 Lecture Notes: Chem 110 Chapter 1 Overview of syllabus: e-mail: vtc101@psu.edu What is chemistry? Some definitions of chemistry (p. 2): Chemistry has been called the central science. This is due to it
More information10. How many significant figures in the measurement g? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6
! Summer Practice Test Ch 1 (va pg! 1 of 5! ) Matter and Measurement Name Per You should NOT use a calculator except for #21. This practice test should be in your 3 ring notebook on the first day of school.
More informationMetric System & SI Units The SI units are somewhat different from what you are used to. They are as follows: Measurement Base
Chapter 1 Scientific Method Metric System & SI Units Precision and Accuracy Significant Figures Scientific Notation States of Matter and Phase Changes Physical & Chemical Changes & Properties Scientific
More informationName Date Class MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR UNCERTAINTY
3.1 MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR UNCERTAINTY Section Review Objectives Convert measurements to scientific notation Distinguish among the accuracy, precision, and error of a measurement Identify the number of
More informationChemistry Unit 1 Primary reference: Chemistry: Matter and Change [Glencoe, 2017]
Scientific Investigation 1.1 SOL 1a, 1b,1c, 1e, 1g Chemistry Unit 1 Primary reference: Chemistry: Matter and Change [Glencoe, 2017] Topic Essential Knowledge Study Support Use chemicals and equipment safely.
More informationUnit 1. Introduction: Chemistry, Matter and Measurement
Honors Chemistry Summer Assignment Use the Honors/AP text book, (Chemistry the Central Science) or Prentice Hall Chemistry Text and your prior knowledge to complete the summer packet. Packet will be collected
More informationprecision accuracy both neither
I. Measurement and Observation There are two basic types of data collected in the lab: Quantitative : numerical information (e.g., the mass of the salt was.45 g) Qualitative : non-numerical, descriptive
More informationCHAPTER ONE. The Foundations of Chemistry
CHAPTER ONE The Foundations of Chemistry Why is Chemistry Important? Materials for our homes Components for computers and other electronic devices Cooking Fuel Body functions 2 Some definitions / Vocabulary
More informationChemistry - the science that describes matter properties physical and chemical changes associated energy changes
Chemistry - the science that describes matter properties physical and chemical changes associated energy changes Matter - occupies space and has mass. Ex. Textbook Energy is the capacity to do work or
More informationCHEMISTRY- I PUC. Properties of matter and their measurements in chemistry:
CHEMISTRY- I PUC UNIT 1 : Some Basic concepts of Chemistry Matter and its classification: Matter: Anything that occupies space, has mass. The three states of matter are Solids, liquids and gases. Chemical
More information10. How many significant figures in the measurement g? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6
Summer Practice Test Ch 1 (va pg 1 of 5) Matter and Measurement Name Per You should NOT use a calculator except for #0. This practice test should be in your 3 ring notebook on the first day of school.
More informationMatter & Measurement. Chapter 1 Chemistry 2A
Matter & Measurement Chapter 1 Chemistry 2A Chemistry: the branch of science concerned with the characteristics, composition, and transformations of matter Matter: anything that has mass and occupies space
More informationChapter 2 - Analyzing Data
Chapter 2 - Analyzing Data Section 1: Units and Measurements Section 2: Scientific Notation and Dimensional Analysis Section 3: Uncertainty in Data Section 4: Representing Data Chemists collect and analyze
More informationChapter 1. Matter and Measurements. Our main concern is the understanding of the principles that govern chemical reactions.
Chapter 1 Matter and Measurements Our main concern is the understanding of the principles that govern chemical reactions. 1. Types of matter- pure vs mixture, element vs compound 2. Measurements uncertainties,
More informationSection 1 Scientific Method. Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations.
Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Describe the differences between hypotheses, theories,
More informationScientific Method, Units of Measurement, Scientific Notation, Significant Figures BASICS OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Scientific Method, Units of Measurement, Scientific Notation, Significant Figures BASICS OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE EQ: WHAT IS PHYSICAL SCIENCE? The sciences can be divided into 2 main branches: and Natural
More informationMeasurement Chapter 1.6-7
Unit 1 Essential Skills Measurement Chapter 1.6-7 The Unit 1 Test will cover material from the following Chapters and Sections: 1.all 2.5-8 3.all 2 Two types of Data: When we make observations of matter,
More informationsee page 8 of these notes )
UNIT 1 Note Packet INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY Name: METRICS AND MEASUREMENT In the chemistry classroom and lab, the metric system of measurement is used, so it is important to know what you are measuring,
More informationMatter Properties and Changes. Chemistry the study of matter and energy What is Matter?? What isn t Matter??
Matter Properties and Changes Chemistry the study of matter and energy What is Matter?? What isn t Matter?? Matter? Name some matter Matter? Matter? I. Properties of Matter Chemistry is the study of matter
More informationMATTER. Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
MATTER Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Properties of Matter Physical Properties Can be observed without changing
More informationMatter Properties and Changes
Matter Properties and Changes What is matter? anything that takes up space (volume) and has mass everything around you is made up of matter matter has 3 main states: solid, liquid, and gas Physical Property
More informationChemistry is the branch of science that deals with the properties, composition and behavior of matter.
Chemistry 11 Review Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the properties, composition and behavior of matter. Chemistry is found all around us in our daily lives: Ex. Plastics, computer chips,
More informationMatter and Energy. 1.1 Matter and Its Classification. : same composition throughout, & from sample to sample. Pure Substances
Matter and Energy 1-1 1.1 Matter and Its Classification : anything that occupies space & has mass Forms of energy are NOT matter. Heat & light do not occupy space & have no mass. We classify matter to
More informationName Date Class. N 10 n. Thus, the temperature of the Sun, 15 million kelvins, is written as K in scientific notation.
Name Date Class 53 MATH HANDBOOK TRANSPARENCY MASTER Scientific Notation 1 Use with Appendix B, Scientific Notation Scientists need to express small measurements, such as the mass of the proton at the
More informationChapter Chemistry is important. 1.2 The Scientific Method. Chapter 1 1. Fundamental Concepts and Units of Measurement
Chapter 1 Fundamental Concepts and Units of Measurement 1 1.1 Chemistry is important Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Chemistry the science that deals with matter (the structure and properties
More informationWelcome to Chemistry 115
Welcome to Chemistry 115 Dr. Michelle Richards-Babb () mrichar2@wvu.edu 461 CRL 1 Prerequisite for Chem 115 is one of the following: 1. Passing grade in Chem 110 at WVU. 2. Score of 600 or better on SAT/Math
More informationThe number of stars in a galaxy is an example of an estimate that should be expressed in scientific notation.
3.1 Using and Expressing Measurements A measurement is a quantity that has both a number and a unit. Using and Expressing Measurements In scientific notation, a given number is written as the product of
More informationChapter 1 Introduction. Chemistry and Its Methods. Qualitative Observations. Chemistry and Its Methods. Qualitative Observations
1 Chemistry and Its Methods Jeffrey Mack California State University, Sacramento Hypothesis: A tentative explanation or prediction based on experimental observations. Law: A concise verbal or mathematical
More informationUnit 1 Introduction to Chemistry
Chemistry 1 West Linn High School Unit 1 Packet and Goals Name: Period: Unit 1 Introduction to Chemistry Unit Goals: As you work through this unit, you should be able to: 1. Identify characteristics of
More informationNotes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement www.chempride.weebly.com Key Ideas Major Understandings: o Chemistry is the study of matter: Matter takes up space and has mass. (K- 4, 3.1a)
More informationNotes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement www.chempride.weebly.com Key Ideas Major Understandings: o Chemistry is the study of matter: Matter takes up space and has mass. (K- 4, 3.1a)
More informationChapter 2 Reading Guide
Chapter 2 Reading Guide Name Period Unit 1 HW 1 Worksheet (Goals 1 6) SECTION 2.1 PROPERTIES of MATTER (pages 34 37) This section helps you identify the characteristics of matter and substances. It teaches
More informationCHAPTER TWO: MEASUREMENTS AND PROBLEM SOLVING
CHAPTER TWO: MEASUREMENTS AND PROBLEM SOLVING Measurements: Our Starting Point! Why should we begin our study of chemistry with the topic of measurement?! Much of the laboratory work in this course is
More information