Physical Properties: Mass, Volume, Density, Conductivity, Magnetism, State of Matter, Solubility Mixtures, Heterogeneous mixtures, suspension,

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1 Physical Properties: Mass, Volume, Density, Conductivity, Magnetism, State of Matter, Solubility Mixtures, Heterogeneous mixtures, suspension, Homogeneous mixtures, colloid, solution

2 Unit: Physical Properties of Matter Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Students will understand that the position of different substances on a density column depends upon the mass and volume of that substance. Students will explore densities of various materials through measurement of their masses and volumes, and understand that substances can be classified on the basis of characteristics of their physical properties that can be demonstrated and measured. Students will identify a method to determine the volume of regular and irregular objects Students will describe the relationship between mass and weight. Entry Students have a basic knowledge of the physical properties of matter Identify and chart the position of various substances to show where they would fall on a density column when their mass and volume are known. Create a chart comparing densities of various materials through measurement of their masses and volumes, and classify and compare substances on the basis of characteristics of physical properties that can be demonstrated and measured. Demonstrate or list various ways to determine the volume of regular and irregular objects Create a diagram to compare and contrast the relationship between mass and weight. Define related vocabulary

3 Properties of Matter Physical Properties: Properties which can be observed without changing the chemical make-up.

4 Physical Properties Physical properties include: appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, polarity, and many others. Density=mass/volume, is a physical property

5 Malleable Malleability (Ductility)- How easily something bends. Elasticity: is the property of matter to return to its original shape. Malleability and elasticity change with temperature.

6 Conductivity Conductivity- is how easily energy passes through something. Copper, iron, and most metals are good conductors. Rubber is a very poor conductor.

7 Solubility Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

8 Solubility Solute: a material which dissolves in a solvent. Solvent: a chemical which dissolves a solute. EX.: When you make lemonade, you measure out the solute (powdered mix) and add it to the solvent (water).

9 Solubility Saturated: when no more of something can be absorbed

10 Viscosity Viscosity: Fluid resistance to flow. Highly viscous liquids flow very slowly (like syrup), low viscosity means a liquid pours quick and easy (like water or oil).

11 Magnetic Magnetism: If an object can become magnetized, it is a physical property of matter (only iron, nickel and cobalt can become magnetic)

12 Physical Properties Melting Point: The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid or a liquid turns to a solid. Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas or a gas to a liquid.

13 Physical Properties Specific Heat: The amount of thermal energy required to raise the temperature 1 degree. Ex: Water takes more thermal energy to raise 1 degree than air does.

14 Pure Substances Pure Substance: a substance made entirely out of one element or compound. Pure substances are very rare, most things found in nature are mixtures.

15 Elements and Compounds Different types of atoms are elements. Compounds are two or more elements combined. A molecule can be of one element or it can be a compound

16 Mixtures Mixtures have more than one type of element and/or compounds. Heterogeneous mixtures: are obvious mixtures, you can see the different parts.

17 Heterogeneous Mixtures Suspension: particles are visible and will settle out on standing. EX: Chocolate milk, V8, dust clouds, pulpy orange juice, oil and vinegar.

18 Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures: uniform appearance throughout the mixture (this means it looks the same) Steel, air, tap water, salt water, most objects we think are the same material are actually homogeneous mixtures.

19 Colloids Colloids are homogeneous mixtures with particles of different sizes which WILL NOT settle with time. Jello, Milk, Fog, aerosols, blood, mayonnaise and clouds are all colloids.

20 Solutions Solutions are homogeneous mixtures with uniform properties. If you look at a solution under a microscope it would still appear uniform.

21 Alloys Solid metal solutions are called alloys.

Chemistry Unit 1: Section1 - Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures

Chemistry Unit 1: Section1 - Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures PURE SUBSTANCES A pure substance is called an element. An element is a pure substance because it cannot be separated into any other substances.