Comprehensive Pesticide Analysis in Juice Using a Combination of GC/MS and LC/MS Methods
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1 Comprehensive Pesticide Analysis in Juice Using a Combination of GC/MS and LC/MS Methods Application Note Food Safety Authors Fadwa Al-Taher, Rima Juskelis, Yang Chen, Jack Cappozzo Institute for Food Safety and Health lllinois Institute of Technology Bedford Park, IL, USA Philip L. Wylie and Jerry Zweigenbaum Agilent Technologies, Inc Centerville Rd Wilmington, DE 19808, USA Abstract Comprehensive detection of pesticides in food matrices requires a combination of both GC/MS and LC/MS techniques. Methods have been developed on Agilent GC/MS and LC/MS instrument platforms that reliably detect and quantitate 39 pesticides in a vegetable juice matrix. Most of the limits of quantitation (LOQ) values for GC/MS SIM ranged from 5 to 50 ng/ml, compared with 0.25 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml for GC/MS/MS, and 0.1 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml for LC/MS/MS. Both sensitivity and selectivity are improved using MS/MS and recovery of most spiked pesticides ranged from 70 to 120%. Introduction With the increasing globalization of the food industry, there is greater scrutiny on food safety, resulting in major changes in the number of pesticides that are being regulated and monitored, as well as the allowable levels of those pesticides in food. There are more than 1,000 registered pesticides in the US, and approximately 400 with tolerances established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and enforced by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The European Union (EU) and Japan also strictly regulate pesticide residues in food, setting maximum residue levels (MRLs) for food and animal feed. While these levels vary, the default tolerance is 10 parts per billion (ppb).
2 Food testing laboratories, therefore, require the ability to detect and quantify hundreds of pesticides, in a myriad of foodstuffs, at very low levels of contamination. No single analytical approach can provide the flexibility required to meet this need. Wide variations in the chemical properties of pesticide contaminants and the necessity to detect a very large number of compounds require a range of chromatography and mass spectrometry systems. For pesticides that can be easily vaporized without degradation, GC/MS (gas chromatographysingle quadrupole mass spectrometry) is an ideal analytical tool, due to the availability of large libraries of pesticide spectra and deconvolution software. Complex foodstuffs can require GC/MS/MS (GC-tandem mass spectrometry) analysis to provide the required selectivity and sensitivity in a matrix containing a very large number of background compounds. Pesticides such as carbamates and organophosphates that are quite polar, not easily vaporized, thermally labile, or not easily derivatized, are best analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) methods. LC/MS/MS is particularly useful for analyzing sets of known target pesticides, due to its sensitivity and specificity in complex food matrices. This application note illustrates the effective use of these three mass spectral techniques for the comprehensive analysis of 39 pesticide residues in vegetable juice. Detection limits and recoveries were determined for all 39 pesticides on all three instrument systems, when the pesticide was detectable. Spiked samples were analyzed by GC/MS in scan mode using an Agilent mass selective detector (MSD) with Agilent Deconvolution Reporting Software (DRS) and Retention Time Locked (RTL) Pesticide and Endocrine Disruptor Library. GC/MS confirmation and quantification were done in the SIM mode. Increased sensitivity and specificity were obtained with GC/MS/MS and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) performed on an Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS. The more polar pesticides were best analyzed using LC/MS/MS, on an Agilent Triple Quadrupole LC/MS. Sample preparation for all three instrument systems was performed using the AOAC QuEChERS method [1]. Using GC/MS in the SIM mode, the linear range was typically 25 ng/ml (ppb) to 1 µg/ml (ppm), while most of the pesticides had a linear range from 2.5 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml using GC/MS/MS. A wider linear range (0.5 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml) was achieved on the LC/MS/MS for some pesticides. The use of these three analysis platforms thus assures screening and confirmation capability for all 39 pesticides to determine whether the vegetable juices meet the requirements of international regulations. Experimental Reagents and Standards Most of the pesticide standards were obtained from the U.S. EPA Pesticide Repository (Ft. Meade, MD), and others were obtained from Fluka/Sigma Aldrich. Pesticide standards were prepared in unspiked, blank vegetable juice samples provided by the Grocery Manufacturers Association-Food Industry Analytical Chemists Committee. Separate stock solutions were prepared (1 mg/ml) by weighing 10 mg each and dissolving in 10 ml of methanol. Intermediate stock solutions of a mixture of all 39 pesticides were prepared in a 100 ml volumetric flask in acetonitrile at a concentration of 50 µg/ml by mixing the stock solutions. Matrix-matched calibration standards (0.5 ng/ml 1 µg/ml) were prepared by spiking the intermediate standards into a vegetable juice blend. Pesticide grade acetonitrile and methanol, and optima or LC/MS-grade water, and formic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Instruments The GC/MS experiments were performed on an Agilent 7890A Series GC coupled to an Agilent 5975C Series GC/MS inert XL MSD with Triple Axis Detector and operated in electron ionization (EI) mode. Retention time locking and Deconvolution Reporting Software were used to screen for the spiked pesticides in the vegetable juice matrix in scan mode. The Automated Mass spectral Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS) developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and incorporated into DRS was used to separate spectra of interest from dirty matrix spectra present in vegetable juice. Samples were then analyzed in Single Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode using target ions and qualifier ions determined from the scan mode. The instrument conditions are given in Table 1. 2
3 Table 1. GC/MS Run Conditions GC Run Conditions Columns Deactivated Restrictor: Agilent 0.7 m 0.15 mm (p/n ) Analytical Column: Agilent J&W HP-5ms column, 15 m 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm (p/n 19091S-431) Injection volume 1 µl Injection mode Cold splitless using a multimode inlet Inlet temperature program 60 C (0.35 min hold); 900 C/min to 280 C (15 min hold); 900 C/min at 300 C. Oven program Scan mode 70 C for 1 min 70 C to 150 C at 50 C/min 150 C to 200 C at 6 C/min 200 C to 280 C at 16 C/min, 5 min hold 4 min added on to the run at 290 C for column backflush Flow rate for SIM 1 ml/min constant flow mode Initial flow rate for scan 2.7 ml/min (nominal, constant pressure mode) Retention time locking Chlorpyrifos-methyl locked to min for scan runs Transfer line temperature 280 C SIM mode 60 C for 1.5 min 60 C to 150 C at 50 C/min 150 C to 240 C at 8 C/min 240 C to 280 C at 50 C/min, 2.5 min hold 280 C to 290 C at 100 C/min, 2.05 min hold 4 min added on to the run at 290 C for column backflush Backflush configuration MSD conditions Scan mode Scan and SIM run separately Mode Electron ionization (EI) Source temperature 300 C Quadrupole temperature 200 C The analytical column was connected between the multimode inlet and a purged ultimate union. The 0.7 m restrictor was connected between the purged ultimate union and the MSD. Pressure at the purged ultimate union was set to 4 psig using an auxiliary EPC module. The GC/MS/MS experiments were performed on an Agilent 7890A Series GC coupled to an Agilent 7000B Triple Quadrupole GC/MS operated in EI mode. Samples were analyzed using Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM). The instrument conditions are given in Table 2, and the retention times, quantifier and qualifier transitions, and collision energies for each pesticide are given in Table 4. The LC/MS/MS experiments were performed on an Agilent 1200 Series HPLC system coupled to an Agilent 6460 Series Triple Quadrupole LC/MS System with Jet Stream technology. The instrument conditions are listed in Table 3 and the retention times, quantifier and qualifier transitions, and collision energies for each pesticide are given in Table 4. 3
4 Table 2. GC Run Conditions GC/MS/MS Run Conditions Columns Two Agilent J&W HP-5ms, 15 m 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm (p/n 19091S-431UI) columns joined by a purged ultimate union Injection volume 1 µl Injection mode Cold splitless using a multimode inlet Inlet temperature program 60 C (0.35 min hold); 600 C/min to 270 C Oven program 60 C for 1 min 60 C to 170 C at 40 C/min 170 C to 310 C at 10 C/min, 1.25 min hold Flow rate ml/min (constant flow) Solvent delay 2.3 min Flow mode Constant flow, chlorpyrifos methyl retention time locked to min Transfer line temperature 300 C Run time 19 min Backflush configuration Triple Quadrupole MS conditions Mode Electron ionization (EI), MRM Source temperature 300 C Quadrupole temperatures Both at 180 C A purged ultimate union (PUU) was connected between the two 15 m analytical columns. Column 1 was backflushed for 4 min at the end of the run with the GC oven at 310 C, the inlet pressure at 1 psi, and the pressure at the PUU held at 60 psi. Table 3. LC Run Conditions LC/MS/MS Run Conditions Column Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse-plus C18, mm, 1.8 µm (p/n ) Column temperature 40 C Injection volume 5 µl Mobile phase Run time Flow rate Gradient Triple Quadrupole MS conditions Mode Sheath gas Drying gas flow Nebulizer pressure Capillary voltage Nozzle voltage A = 0.1% formic acid in ddh 2 O B = 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile 15 min 0.3 ml/min Initial 5% B; 10 min gradient to 95% B, then step to 100% B for 5 min ESI, positive, MRM 350 C, 11 L/min 11 L/min 40 psi 4,000 V 1,000 V 4
5 Table 4. Target and Qualifier Transitions for 39 Pesticides Identified by GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS GC/MS/MS LC/MS/MS Quantitative transition Qualitative transition Quantitative transition Qualitative transition Precursor Product Precursor Product Precursor Product Precursor Product Compound name RT (min) ion ion CE (V) ion ion CE (V) RT (min) ion ion CE (V) ion ion CE (V) acephate acetamiprid azoxystrobin bifenthrin boscalid carbaryl carbendazim chlorothalonil chlorpropham chlorpyrifos cyfluthrin cyhalothrin, l cypermethrin cyprodinil dicloran dieldrin dimethoate fenvalerate fenvalerate fenpropathrin fludioxonil folpet imidacloprid malathion methomyl methoxyfenozide myclobutanil omethoate oxamyl cis-permethrin trans-permethrin o-phenylphenol phosmet piperonyl butoxide propiconazole spinosad A spinosad D tebufenozide thiabendazole thiamethoxam thiobencarb trifloxystrobin CE = Collision energy 5
6 Sample Preparation Extraction and cleanup of thirty-nine pesticides spiked in vegetable juice were achieved with an Agilent Bond Elut QuEChERS Extraction kit for pesticides (p/n ) and an Agilent Bond Elut QuEChERS AOAC Dispersive SPE kit for fruits and vegetables (p/n ) used per kit instructions. The method used involves initial extraction in a buffered aqueous/acetonitrile system, an extraction/partitioning step after the addition of salt, and then a cleanup step using dispersive solid phase extraction (dispersive SPE) [2]. Following extraction and cleanup, 200 µl of each sample was transferred to an autosampler vial, ready for GC/MS, GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS analysis. Data Analysis Spiked samples were analyzed by GC/MS in scan mode using an Agilent mass selective detector (MSD) with Agilent Deconvolution Reporting Software (DRS, p/n G1716AA) and Retention Time Locked (RTL) Pesticide and Endocrine Disruptor Library (p/n G1672AA). Matrix-matched calibration curves (0.5 ng/ml to 1,000 ng/ml) for each pesticide were constructed for 39 pesticides on all three instruments. These were obtained by plotting the pesticide concentration versus the signal intensity (area) and determining the R 2 using weighted linear regression (1/x) with the Agilent MassHunter Quantitative Analysis software for GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS, and Agilent Chemstation data analysis software for GC/MS data. Limits of detection (LODs) and LOQs were calculated based on signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) of 3:1 and 10:1 respectively, using the same software. Results and Discussion Comprehensive Pesticide Coverage Three methods were developed for the analysis of 39 pesticides commonly found in fruits and vegetables. While no single method could detect all 39 pesticides, the combination of GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, and LC/MS/MS provided the required sensitivity of detection and quantification for all 39. Retention time locking and Deconvolution Reporting Software were used to screen for the spiked pesticides in the vegetable juice matrix in the GC/MS scan mode. Samples were then analyzed by GC/MS SIM using target ions and qualifier ions determined from the scan mode. The GC/MS SIM method used one target and three qualifier ions for pesticide identification, and the GC/MS/MS MRM method used two transitions. The Optimization tool in Mass Hunter Acquisition software was used to determine LC/MS/MS MRM transitions, fragmentor voltages and collision energies for the 39 pesticides. Each MRM analysis subsequently used up to three transitions. Table 4 lists the pesticides that were identified by GC/MS/MS or LC-MS/MS or both methods. The pesticides are listed in alphabetical order with their retention times, precursor, and product ions for both the quantitative and qualitative transitions, and the collision energies for each. Linearity, LOD, and LOQ Calibration curves were determined using matrix-matched standards (0.5 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml) for all 39 pesticides on all three instruments. Table 5 summarizes the linear range, curve fit using the weighted linear regression (1/x), and the LODs and LOQs for each pesticide using all three methods. Most of the pesticides could be determined in the 2.5 ng/ml (ppb) to 1 µg/ml (ppm) range with R 2 > 0.99 when analyzed by GC/MS/MS and 25 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml range with R 2 > 0.99 with GC/MS SIM. A wider linear range (0.5 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml) was achieved on the LC-MS/MS for some pesticides, generally with R 2 > The LOD for each pesticide analyzed by GC/MS/SIM, GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS was determined to be the amount of pesticide that would produce at least 3/1 signal-tonoise in the matrix-matched standards for the target ion (SIM) or quantifying MS/MS transition. Most of the LOD values for GC/MS/MS ranged from 0.1 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml, compared with 1 ng/ml to 25 ng/ml for GC/MS SIM and 0.05 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml for LC/MS/MS. The LOQ for each pesticide analyzed by GC/MS SIM, GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS was determined to be the amount of pesticide that would produce at least 10/1 signalto-noise in the matrix-matched standards for the target ion (SIM) or quantifying MS/MS transition. Most of the LOQ values for GC/MS SIM ranged from 5 to 50 ng/ml, compared with 0.25 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml for GC/MS/MS, and 0.1 ng/ml to 10 ng/ml for LC/MS/MS. 6
7 Table 5. Linearity, LOD, and LOQ Linearity Compound name (ng/ml) R 2 GC/MS GC/MS/MS LC/MS/MS LOD LOQ LOD LOQ LOD (S/N=3) (S/N=10) Linearity (S/N=3) (S/N=10) Linearity (S/N=3) (ng/ml) (ng/ml) (ng/ml) R 2 (ng/ml) (ng/ml) (ng/ml) R 2 (ng/ml) acephate acetamiprid azoxystrobin <0.01 <0.05 bifenthrin boscalid carbaryl carbendazim chlorpropham chlorothalonil chlorpyrifos cyfluthrin cyhalothrin, l cypermethrin cyprodinil dicloran dieldrin dimethoate fenpropathrin fenvalerate fenvalerate fludioxonil folpet imidacloprid malathion methomyl methoxyfenozide myclobutanil omethoate oxamyl o-phenyl phenol <0.5 1 phosmet piperonyl butoxide propiconazole spinosad A spinosad D tebufenozide thiabendazole thiamethoxam trifloxystrobin thiobencarb LOQ (S/N=10) (ng/ml) 7
8 All three methods were able to identify azoxystrobin, bifenthrin, boscalid, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cyprodinil, dimethoate, fenpropathrin, fludioxonil, malathion, and myclobutanil. Figure 1A shows the Extracted Ion Current (EIC) (m/z 344, 388, 345, and 372) from the GC/MS SIM analysis of azoxystrobin in the 25 ng/ml spiked vegetable juice blend extract. Figure 1B illustrates the advantage of GC/MS/MS over GC/MS SIM for target compound analysis. A 1-µL injection of the 25 ng/ml spiked vegetable juice blend extract on GC/MS/MS gave a clean MRM chromatographic azoxystrobin peak with better S/N (38:1) than was obtained for 1 µl GC/MS SIM analysis (S/N = 9.1:1, Figure 1A). Analysis of the same sample extract gave an even better S/N (327:1) using LC/MS/MS analysis for azoxystrobin rather than GC/MS/MS. This is due to the polar nature of azoxystrobin, making it more suitable for analysis by LC/MS/MS A C 2000 S/N = S/N = 327 Ratio = 18.5 (93.0%) Ratio = 18.1 (93.8%) Abundance d 3d 2d 1 4d 6d Relative abundance (%) _ Time Acquisition time (min) B S/N 38 Ratio = 69.9 (96.6%) Figure 1. Analysis of a 25 ng/ml spiked vegetable juice blend extract using all three methods. A) Azoxystrobin quantifier ion (m/z 344) and three qualifier ions (m/z 388, 345, 372) extracted from a GC/MS SIM chromatogram B) Quantifier and qualifier transitions (344.1&172.0, 344.1&156.0) for the GC/MS/MS analysis, C) Quantifier and qualifier transitions (404.1&372.1, 404.1&344.1, and 401.1&329.1) for the LC/MS/MS analysis. The ratios of the qualifier to quantifier ions are shown for B and C, confirming the presence of azoxystrobin in each case. Counts _ Acquisition time (min) 8
9 Conversely, the nonpolar pyrethroid bifenthrin was better detected by either GC method (LOD 1 ng/ml by GC/MS and LOD 0.1 ng/ml by GC/MS/MS), than by LC/MS/MS (LOD 25 ng/ml). Carbaryl, a carbamate, can be detected with higher sensitivity (LOD 0.05 ng/ml) when analyzed using LC/MS/MS, but better linearity (2.5 ng/ml to 500 ng/ml) was achieved with GC/MS/MS. Chlorpropham, also a carbamate, has better sensitivity (LOD 0.1 ng/ml) and linear range (1 ng/ml to 1000 ng/ml) with GC/MS/MS, compared to LC/MS/MS. Fenpropathrin and chlorpyrifos elute very closely to each other when analyzed on the LC/MS/MS, making identification difficult due to similar retention times and product ions. Both compounds have the same transition (350&198). Fenpropathrin can be detected and confirmed with similar sensitivity on the GC/MS/MS (2.5 ng/ml 1,000 ng/ml). Chlorpyrifos is a polar organophosphate and thus has a wider linear range (5 ng/ml to 1,000 ng/ml) and better sensitivity (LOD 0.05 ng/ml) with LC/MS/MS. Chlorpyrifos can be analyzed by LC/MS/MS using the C 9 H Cl 2 37 ClNO 3 PS isotope as the precursor ion (m/z 349.9), and the product ions resulting from this precursor will not interfere with fenpropathrin, which is separated by a 3 minute difference in retention time by GC/MS/MS. Thus, analyzing chlropyrifos using these transitions and LC/MS/MS and analyzing fenpropathrin by GC/MS/MS provides good sensitivity for both compounds and no interference from either. Malathion has better sensitivity (LOD 0.05 ng/ml) when analyzed with LC/MS/MS, but a wider linear range (10 ng/ml to 1,000 ng/ml) with GC/MS/MS. Thus, using all three methods assures the highest quality data across the 39 pesticides, as an analyte that is poorly detected by one method will be detected better by one or more of the other methods. 9
10 Figure 2 shows the MRM transitions (in overlay) of the pesticides spiked at 10 ppb that can be detected in the vegetable juice blend matrix with GC/MS/MS (Figure 2A) and LC/MS/MS (Figure 2B). Recovery Studies The 39 pesticides were spiked into vegetable juice extract at two different fortification levels (50 and 250 ng/ml) and then extracted with the QuEChERS kit. The analysis was performed in four replicates at each level (n = 4). Table 6 shows the recoveries and standard deviations for each pesticide on each of the three instruments. A B Counts Counts Figure Acquisition time (min) Acquisition time (min) The MRM transitions (in overlay) of the pesticides spiked at 10 ppb (ng/ml) and detected in the vegetable juice blend matrix with GC/MS/MS (Figure 2A) and LC/MS/MS (Figure 2B). 10 Most, but not all, spike recoveries fell between %. The compounds that could only be analyzed by GC/MS: chlorothalonil, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, l cypermethrin, dicloran, dieldrin, and o-phenyl phenol, gave good recoveries. Folpet was one exception with recovery for the high spike at 53.6%, and this compound had a poor response by GC/MS/MS. Likewise, compounds that only responded by LC/MS/MS: acetamiprid, carbendazim, imidacloprid, methomyl, oxamyl, spinosad A, spinosad D, and tebufenozide, also showed acceptable recoveries. It should be noted that GC/MS SIM would be more susceptible to matrix interferences than MS/MS. Thiabendazole gave high recovery in the low spike by GC/MS but acceptable recovery by GC/MS/MS. For this compound, the consistently high recovery by LC/MS/MS may indicate a calibration bias.
11 Table 6. Recoveries for 39 Pesticides in Spiked Vegetable Juice Samples (n-4) Compound name GC-MS GC-MS/MS LC-MS/MS 50 ng/ml 250 ng/ml 50 ng/ml 250 ng/ml 50 ng/ml 250 ng/ml Average Average Average Average Average Average % recovery % recovery % recovery % recovery % recovery % recovery ± stdev ± stdev ± stdev ± stdev ± stdev ± stdev acephate 90.8 ± ± ± ± 4.6 acetamiprid ± ± 3.5 azoxystrobin ± ± ± ± ± ± 4.3 bifenthrin ± ± ± ± ± ± 5.9 boscalid ± ± ± ± ± ± 3.9 carbaryl ± ± ± ± ± ± 2.9 carbendazim ± ± 1.6 chlorpropham 96.9 ± ± ± ± ± ± 2.7 chlorothalonil ± ± ± ± 4.3 chlorpyrifos* ± ± ± ± ± ± 10.0 cyfluthrin ± ± ± ± 2.5 cyhalothrin, l ± ± ± ± 3.6 cypermethrin ± ± ± ± 3.6 cyprodinil ± ± ± ± ± ± 4.1 dicloran ± ± ± ± 2.6 dieldrin 101 ± ± ± ± 4.0 dimethoate ± ± ± ± ± ± 9.8 fenpropathrin* 98.5 ± ± ± ± ± ± 8.8 fenvalerate ± ± ± ± 5.2 fenvalerate ± ± ± ± 4.7 fludioxonil ± ± ± ± ± ± 8.3 folpet 72.4 ± ± 9.4 imidacloprid ± ± 5.1 malathion ± ± ± ± ± ± 8.0 methomyl ± ± 6.1 methoxyfenozide ± ± 6.8 myclobutanil ± ± ± ± ± ± 2.7 omethoate ± ± ± ± 2.2 oxamyl ± ± 4.8 o-phenyl phenol ± ± ± ± 2.0 phosmet ± ± ± ± ± ± 3.2 piperonyl butoxide ± ± ± ± ± ± 1.5 propiconazole ± ± ± ± 1.7 spinosad A ± ± 4.0 spinosad D ± ± 1.5 tebufenozide ± ± 18.3 thiabendazole ± ± ± ± ± ± 6.1 thiamethoxam 76.0 ± ± ± ± 5.6 trifloxystrobin ± ± ± ± ± ± 4.0 thiobencarb ± ± ± ± ± ± 3.3 *Fenpropathrin and chlorpyrifos were spiked separately to obtain recoveries by LC/MS/MS using the quantitative transitions provided in Table 4. 11
12 Conclusions Food safety laboratories require methods that can analyze all pesticides of interest in a particular matrix, with levels of detection and quantification that meet regulatory requirements. Some pesticide compounds are best analyzed using GC/MS, while others are best measured using LC/MS. The best approach to assure comprehensive detection of a large number of pesticides is to use both GC and LC/MS techniques. Methods have thus been developed on both Agilent GC/MS and LC/MS instrument platforms using the most common pesticide analytical techniques for the analysis of pesticides in vegetable juice. Used together, they can meet any laboratory s need for screening and confirmation of 39 pesticides in vegetable juice at levels well below the established MRL s. Used separately, they provide screening or confirmation of most of these pesticides, without requiring acquisition of new equipment. Table 5 shows why most labs are moving their GC single quadrupole pesticide methods to GC/MS/MS. The Agilent 7000B Triple Quadrupole GC/MS has much better selectivity and offers much better LOD and LOQ values. However, the Agilent 5975C Series GC/MS single quadrupole instrument can be used to screen for more than 900 pesticides using DRS with the Agilent Pesticide and Endocrine Disruptor Library. For screening purposes, this approach still has great value [3]. References 1. Bond Elut QuEChERS Standard Operating Procedure, 2. Highly Sensitive and Rugged GC/MS/MS Tool for Pesticide Multiresidue Analysis in Food Samples, Agilent Technologies Publication EN. 3. Screening for 926 Pesticides and Endocrine Disruptors by GC/MS with Deconvolution Reporting Software and a New Pesticide Library, Agilent Technologies Publication EN. For More Information These data represent typical results. For more information on our products and services, visit our Web site at Agilent shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Information, descriptions, and specifications in this publication are subject to change without notice. Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2012 Printed in the USA March 2, EN
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