Acids and Bases. Essential Practice for success on the exam!

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1 Acids and Bases AP Chemistry Review 1. If 50 ml of M NaOH is mixed with 50 ml of 0.05 M HCl, what is the resulting ph of the mixture closest to? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 2. What is the ph of a 0.1 M solution of ammonium chloride closest to if Ka is ? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7 3. Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) has a Ka value of 6.3 x What is the ph of a Molar solution of benzoic acid? A) 1 B) Between 3 and 4 C) Between 4 and 5 D) 7 E) Over 8 4. Which of the salts, when dissolved into water to make 2.0 M solutions, would result in the highest ph? 5. A) K2SO4 B) KF C) KHSO4 D) KCl E) KNO3 Given the above values, Which is true about hydronium and hydroxide ion concentrations when water is heated? A) and both remain the same C) increases and decreases E) and both increase B) and both decrease D) decreases and increases 6. Name: Essential Practice for success on the exam! Based on the table above, which acid base indicator has a transition point between ph 7 and ph 9? A) alizarin blue B) congo red C) cresol red D) ethyl red E) none of these 7. What volume of water must be added to ml of M HNO3 to raise the ph to 1.30? A) 150. ml B) 1.60 L C) 1.70 L D) 160. ml E) 1.50 L 8. The best reason why water is a neutral substance, is that A) it is an amphoteric substance B) it has a large dissociation constant C) in the dissociation of water, [H + ] = [OH ] D) it has a ph of 7 E) it is a liquid at room temperature 9. Which of the following is true about a 0.50 M HNO3 solution? A) [H + ] = [NO3 ] = [0.50] B) [HNO3] = [0.50] C) [H + ] = [0.25] D) ph = 5.0 E) [H + ] = [NO3 ] = [0.25] 10. Which two compounds would serve well as a buffer? A) HC2H3O2 and C2H3O2 B) HBr and NaOH C) HCl and ClO D) HCHO2 and HF E) OH and H2O Page 1

2 11. CH3COOH + H2O «CH3COO +H3O + In the reaction above, a small amount of acid is added to a buffer solution at equilibrium. When equilibrium is reestablished, A) [CH3COO ] and ph are both higher B) [CH3COOH] and ph are both lower C) [CH3COO ] is lower and ph is about the same D) [CH3COOH] is lower and ph is about the same E) [CH3COO ] and ph are both about the same 12. A buffer solution can be prepared from A) nitric acid and sodium nitrate B) sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide C) hydrocyanic acid and sodium cyanide D) sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride E) phosphoric acid sodium phosphate 13. Which compounds form a buffer solution when added to water? A) HCl and KOH B) HCN and RbCN C) NaBr and NaOH D) HNO3 and LiNO3 E) KI and KOH 14. A solution of CH3COOH is neutralized by KOH in the titration curve above. 16. A 0.10 M solution containing a single dissolved substance is a very good conductor of electricity and turns blue litmus paper red. What is the approximate ph of this solution? A) 1.4 B) 5.6 C) 7.0 D) 10.0 E) An aqueous solution of an Arrhenius base A) has a ph of 7 B) turns litmus red C) reacts with copper D) is a good conductor of electricity E) tastes sour 18. Which two act as Brönsted Lowry acids? H2BO3 (aq) + HCO3 (aq) «H2CO3(aq) + HBO3 2 (aq) A) HCO3 and H2CO3 B) H2BO3 and H2CO3 C) HCO3 and HBO3 2 D) H2BO3 and HBO3 2 E) H2BO3 and HCO3 19. Which is the strongest acid? The solution is buffered A) at point I B) at point II C) at point III D) at point IV E) after point IV 15. HF(aq) + H2O(l) «H3O + (aq) + F (aq) If NaF(aq) is added to the above HF equilibrium, which occurs? A) [H3O + ] increases and ph increases B) [H3O + ] decreases and ph increases C) [H3O + ] increases and ph decreases D) [H3O + ] decreases and ph decreases E) [H3O + ] and ph remain the same Page 2 A) acetic acid B) benzoic acid C) carbonic acid D) oxalic acid E) it cannot be determined from the information given 20. In which reaction(s) does water act as a Brönsted Lowry base? A) II only. B) III only. C) I and II only. D) II and III only. E) I, II and III. 21. Which of the following is hydroiodic acid A) HI B) HIO2 C) HIO3 D) HIO4

3 22. Which is/are amphiprotic? I. H3PO4 II. H2PO4 III. HPO4 2 A) II only B) III only C) I and II D) I and III E) II and III 23. Which 0.10 M solution will be yellow in the presence of the indicator chlorophenol red? A) AlCl3 B) CaCl2 C) K2CO3 D) Na3PO4 E) NaNO3 24. Which acid base indicator has a transition point between ph 7 and ph 9? 26. How many moles of Mg(OH)2 are required to neutralize 30.0 ml of M HCl? A) mol B) mol C) mol D) mol E) mol 27. What is the molarity of an aqueous HCl solution if 20. ml can be neutralized by 45 ml of a 0.80 M KOH solution? A) 0.90 M B) 1.1 M C) 1.4 M D) 1.8 M E) 2.2 M 28. The calcium salt of hypochlorous acid is called calcium A) chlorite B) chlorate C) perchlorate D) hypochlorite E) hydrochlorate 29. Which is the order of Brönsted Lowry acids and bases in the acid base reaction? HS +H3PO4 «H2S + H2PO4 The order of Brönsted Lowry acids and bases is A) alizarin blue B) congo red C) cresol red D) ethyl red 25. What is a suitable indicator for this titration? A) acid1 + base1 «acid2 + base2 B) acid1 + base1 «base2 + acid2 C) base2 + acid1 «base1 + acid2 D) base1 + acid1 «acid2 + base2 E) base2 + acid1 «acid2 + base1 A) methyl violet B) alizarin yellow C) thymolephthalein D) bromocresol green Page 3

4 30. Information related to a titration experiment is given in the balanced equation and table below Based on the equation and the titration results, what is the concentration of the? A) B) C) D) Page 4

5 Answer Key AP- Acids and Bases Review 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. E 6. C 7. E 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. E 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. C Page 5