CO 2 adsorption in coals as a function of rank and composition: A task in USGS research on geologic sequestration of CO 2

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1 CO 2 adsorption in coals as a function of rank and composition: A task in USGS research on geologic sequestration of CO 2 Robert C. Burruss USGS, Reston, VA

2 Project Tasks 1. Adsorption Properties of Coals Research + Mendenhall Post-doc 2. Storage capacity of subsurface traps Research Assessment 3. CO 2 Sequestration in Deep Aquifers Research 4. GIS of point-source CO 2 emissions (GEODE) Assessment

3 Brief history Scoping Project in FY99; Formal 4-year project in FY Coal Task 1. Initiated by Ron Stanton as collaborative effort with CBM studies of low rank coals. 2. Presented by Hal Gluskoter at NETL Seq. I for Stanton 3. Additional bituminous coals and anthracite added by Gluskoter, with assistance by Maria Mastalerz, Indiana Survey 4. Presented by Gluskoter at AAPG, GSA, SME All isotherms measured by Marc Bustin.

4 Additional coal activities 1. Organic geochemistry of CO 2 -coal interactions Mendenhall Post-doc: Jon Kolak 2. Molecular and isotopic studies of CO 2 -CH 4 partitioning in coals in a whole-core flow apparatus Maria Mastalerz and Arndt Schimmelmann, Indiana Survey and Indiana Univ., co-pi s. 3. NETL round-robin collaborator with Marc Bustin

5 7 Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Bituminous Coal, Appalachian Basin Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) CO2 (DAF) Ratio CO 2 /CH 4 CH4 (DAF) Source: Greaves, 1993 Pressure (PSI)

6 Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption, Bituminous Coal San Juan Basin 1 Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) CO2 adsorption CH4 adsorption Source: Arri, 1992 Pressure (PSI)

7 General Rank of Coal in Major Coalbed Methane Areas and Location of Samples.. Samples this study From literature

8 Carbon Dioxide and Methane Adsorption North Dakota Lignite 1 9 Adsorption (SCF/Ton) CO2 CH4 Ratio: CO2/CH Pressure (PSI)

9 Carbon Dioxide and Methane Adsorption - Subbituminous Coal, Powder River Basin 9 8 Adsorption (SCF/Ton) CO2 CH Pressure (PSI)

10 Carbon Dioxide and Methane Adsorption Subbituminous Coal, Powder River Basin 9 Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) CO2 CH Pressure (PSI)

11 Carbon Dioxide and Methane Adsorption Subbituminous Coal, Texas Gulf Coast 12 Adsorption (SCF/Ton,DAF) CO2 CH Pressure (PSI)

12 Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption - Illinois Basin hvbb CO2 CH Pressure (PSI)

13 7 Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Bituminous Coal, West Virginia Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) CO2 CH Pressure (PSI)

14 16 Carbon Dioxide and Methane Adsorption Anthracite - 7-Foot Seam Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF) CO2 CH Pressure(PSI)

15 CO2/CH4 Ratio Adsorption Ratio VS Calorific Value R 2 = Btu/ lb, MMMF

16 The Ratio of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption to Methane Adsorption Versus Carbon (DAF) CO2/CH4 Adsorption Carbon %, DAF

17 Adsorption Ratio VS Moisture 2 18 R 2 = CO2/CH4 Adsorption Ratio Moisture % (AS Received)

18 CO2 Adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF, 3PSI) CO2 Variation with Coal Rank Lignite Subbituminous Bituminous Anthracite high volatile med low semi B A C B A C B A R 2 = Btu/lb,M,MMF Fixed Carbon %, D,MMF

19 CO2 VS Moisture CO2 adsorption (SCF/Ton, DAF, 3 PSI) R 2 = Moisture % (As Rec)

20 Reflectance VS Methane Adsorption: Low Rank Coals 115 Methane Adsorption (SCF/Ton) Reflectance (Ro %)

21 Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Versus Reflectance: Low Rank Coals Carbon Dioxide Adsorption (SCF/Ton) Reflectance (Ro %)

22 Inertinite In Low-Rank Coals VS Carbon Dioxide Adsorption 9 Carbon Dioxide Adsorption (SCF/Ton) Inertinite (%)

23 Ratio of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption to Methane Adsorption Versus Vitrinite: Low Rank Coals Ratio CO2/CH4 Adsorption Vitrinite (%)

24 Conclusions 1. No obvious correlation of CO 2 adsorption with rank and composition. Much more work necessary. 2. Apparent correlations of CO 2 /CH 4 ratios with rank and composition are controlled by CH 4 adsorption. 3. CO 2 adsorption appears to be high (>5 SCF/ton) for all coal ranks and compositions examined. 4. All of the above for apply to coals at shallow depths (about 7 ft). Clear need for new work at pressures relevant to unmineable coal (3 ft or 15 psi). 5. CO 2 /CH 4 >> 2 in low rank coals, good for sequestration, but not good for ECBM

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