Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions
|
|
- Augustine Robbins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions The physical sciences are concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects. Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy.
2 Periodic Table of the Elements The periodic table of the elements is a structured arrangement of elements. Elements are ordered by their atomic number, electron configurations and recurring physical and chemical properties. Copy of Periodic Table
3 Chemical Symbols A chemical symbol is an abbreviation of the name of an element. The names and symbols come from various sources (ie/ Greek and Latin).
4 Pun a play on words Periodic Table Puns
5 Exercise Periodic Table Puns
6 Periodic Table of the Elements Chemical Periods and Groups Elements in the periodic table are arranged in periods (rows) and groups/families (columns). main group elements metals nonmetals metalloids main group elements alkali metals transition elements alkaline earth metals halogens 18 noble gases 6 7 lanthanides actinides
7 Periodic Table of Elements
8 Characteristics of Metals and Nonmetals (There are exceptions.) Metals generally solids hard and nonbrittle good conductors of heat and electricity ductile and malleable melting points and boiling points are generally high generally lustrous and can be polished Nonmetals found in all three states hard but brittle bad conductors of heat and electricity neither ductile nor malleable melting points and boiling points are generally low generally non lustrous and cannot be polished
9 Atoms and Their Structure Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. They are made up of smaller particles called subatomic particles. There are 3 subatomic particles: 1) protons found in the nucleus of the atom have a positive charge 2) neutrons found in the nucleus of the atom are electrically neutral (no charge) 3) electrons found in orbits (energy levels) around the nucleus have a negative charge structurestandard atomic notaion and bohr rutherford diagrams
10 Atomic Number The atomic number of an element gives us the number of protons in an atom of that element. Atomic Number Symbol Relative Atomic Mass Element Name 1 H Hydrogen +1 Ionic Charge In an atom: # protons = # electrons
11 Reminder: Bohr Diagrams Li atomic number = 3 Mg atomic number = 12 Li Mg O atomic number = 8 P atomic number = 15 O P
12 Ions Atoms may lose or gain electrons to form ions in which the number of electrons is different from the number of protons. The numerical value of the electric charge of an ion with a plus (+) or minus ( ) sign is called ionic charge. Metals tend to lose electrons to produce cations (positive ions) and nonmetals tend to gain electrons to produce anions (negative ions). Li atomic number = 3 Mg atomic number = 12 Li Mg O atomic number = 8 P atomic number = 15 O P
13 Periodic Table of Ions
14 Worksheet Chemistry: Ions and Subatomic Particles
15 Naming Monatomic Ions Simple cations are named by giving the element name and adding the word "ion". Na 1+ > Mg 2+ > Simple anions are named by dropping the ending off the element name, adding "ide" then "ion". F 1 > O 2 > N 3 >
16 Worksheet #1 Monatomic Ions
17 Assignment Your Name in Chemical Symbols N a n c y S h e r r a r d Chester Smith
18 Ionic Bonds When electrons are transferred from a metal to a nonmetal, an ionic bond results between the cation and anion.
19
20 Simple Binary Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of a cation and an anion and are electrically neutral. Binary compounds are compounds that contain only two elements. Examples: Na Cl name chemical formula Al P name chemical formula Na O name chemical formula Al Cl name chemical formula Mg P name chemical formula Al O name chemical formula
21 Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions contain two or more different atoms. The atoms stay together as a single, charged unit. Endings to look for: "ate", "ite" nitrate NO 3 nitrite NO 2 chlorate ClO 3 chlorite ClO 2 sulfate SO 4 sulfite SO 3 acetate CH 3 COO or CH 3 CO 2 or C 2 H 3 O 2 hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate HCO 3 Note: hydroxide OH cyanide CN peroxide O 2 Note: ammonium NH 4 See your periodic tables for more examples.
22 Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Like binary ionic compounds, ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions are electrically neutral. When more than one polyatomic ion is required in an ionic compound, parentheses are used to enclose the ion with the subscript going outside the parentheses > ( ). Write the correct name for: 1) AlPO 4 2) KNO 2 3) Ba(HCO 3 ) 2 4) Mg(OH) 2 5) (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4
23 Worksheet #3 Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions
24 Transition Elements Transition elements are located in the middle of the periodic table.
25 Multivalent Metals and Their Ions Many transition elements can form more than one ion. These elements are called multivalent metals. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer shell of an atom. They are the ones involved in forming bonds. Remember: Li atomic number = 3 Mg atomic number = 12 Li Mg
26 26 Fe iron most common ion When naming the ions of multivalent metals, you must include a roman numeral. The roman numeral is equal to the charge on the ion. I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Fe 2+ = iron (II) ion Pb 4+ = lead (IV) ion Cr 3+ = chromium (III) ion
27 Ionic Compounds Involving Multivalent Metals Write chemical formulas for the following: 1. nickel (II) oxide 2. titanium (III) fluoride 3. lead (IV) sulfide 4. cobalt (III) nitrate 5. manganese (III) sulfate
28 Write the names of the following compounds: 1. SnCl 4 2. TiO 2 3. Fe 2 O 3 4. Ni 2 (CO 3 ) 3 5. Nb(NO 3 ) 5
29 Worksheet #4
30 Recap Types of Ions Identify each of the following as a monatomic ion (MI), a polyatomic ion (PI), or the monatomic ion of a multivalent metal (MIMM), by printing MI, PI or MIMM on the line provided. PO 4 3 iron (II) ion fluoride ion Cu + sulfite ion Ca 2+ cyanide ion potassium ion PI MIMM MI MIMM PI MI PI MI
31 Worksheet #5 Ionic Compounds Summary Simple Binary Ionic Compound Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Ionics Compounds Containing Multivalent Metals Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions and Multivalent Metals
32 Covalent Bonds A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of one or more electron pairsbetween two nonmetals or between a nonmetal and a metalloid. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds are called molecular compounds, covalent compounds or molecules. 20Project%20Page.htm The Hindenburg (1937) was an airship or "air blimp" that was filled with the highly flammable and combustible hydrogen gas, rather than an inert, non flammable gas, such as, helium.
33 Diatomic Molecules H 2, N 2, O 2, F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I transition elements Other Special Molecules molecular phosphorous > P 4 molecular sulfur > S 8 NOTE: element symbol ion symbol molecular formula
34 Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Chemists use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms in each compound. Prefixes are necessary because atoms can combine in any whole number ratio. Learn the prefixes below. # of Atoms Prefix mono di tri tetra penta hexa hepta octa nona deca When naming binary molecular compounds, the first element name is given followed by the second element with an "ide" ending. The first element gets a prefix when there is more than one atom in the compound. The second always gets a prefix. Compound NO N 2 O NO 2 N 2 O 3 N 2 O 5 Name nitrogen monoxide dinitrogen monoxide nitrogen dioxide dinitrogen trioxide dinitrogen pentaoxide Common Names organic compounds H 2 O water or H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide or NH 3 ammonia or CH 4 methane or C 2 H 6 ethane or C 3 H 8 propane or C 4 H 10 butane or
35 Practice: Binary Covalent Compounds
36 Recap: Types of Compounds Types of Compounds Ionic Compounds transfer of electron(s) creates an ionic bond Molecular (Covalent) Compounds sharing of electron pair(s) creates a covalent bond metallic ion + nonmetallic ion metallic ion + polyatomic ion NH nonmetallic ion nonmetal + nonmetal metalloid + nonmetal nonmetal + metalloid NH polytomic ion
37 Worksheet Mixed Ionic/Covalent Compounds #1 Worksheet Mixed Ionic/Covalent Compounds #2 (Optional)
38 Counting Atoms NaCl Na Cl MgF 2 Mg F K 3 PO 4 K P O Sr(OH) 2 Sr O H Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Al S O 2RbI Rb I 4Ca 3 P 2 Ca P 3Zn(NO 3 ) 2 Zn N O
39 Worksheet: Counting Atoms in Compounds
40 Chemical Reactions A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. substance + substance substance + substance
41 Conserving Mass The Law of Conservation of Mass states that, in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is always equal to the total mass of the products.
42 Balancing Chemical Reactions 1. N 2 + H 2 NH 3 Reactants Products N H N H 2. P 4 + O 2 P 2 O 3 Reactants Products 3. K + MgBr 2 KBr + Mg Reactants Products 4. FeCl 3 + NaOH Fe(OH) 3 + NaCl Reactants Products
43 Worksheet Balancing Chemical Reactions
44 Types of Chemical Reactions 1. Formation/Synthesis Reactions 2. Decomposition Reactions 3. Single Replacement/Displacement Reactions 4. Double Replacement/Displacement Reactions 5. Combustion Reactions
45 Formation/Synthesis Reactions General Formula A B A B substance substance compound
46 Example #1 Word Equation: hydrogen + oxygen water Chemical Equation:
47 Example #2 Word Equation: beryllium + chlorine beryllium chloride Chemical Equation:
48 Decomposition Reactions General Formula A B A B compound substance substance
49 Example #1 Word Equation: hydrogen peroxide water + oxygen Chemical Equation:
50 Example #2 Word Equation: lithium nitride lithium + nitrogen Chemical Equation:
51 Worksheet: Formation and Decomposition Reactions
52 Single Replacement/Displacement Reactions General Formula A B C A C B m m nm m nm m A B C B A C nm m nm m nm nm
53 Example #1 Word Equation: potassium + aluminum fluoride potassium fluoride + aluminum Chemical Equation:
54 Example #2 Word Equation: nitrogen + strontium oxide strontium nitride + oxygen Chemical Equation:
55 Example #3 Word Equation: magnesium + silver nitrate magnesium nitrate + silver Chemical Equation:
56 Double Replacement Reactions General Formula A B C D A D C B m nm m nm m nm m nm
57 Example #1 Word Equation: sodium fluoride + barium oxide sodium oxide + barium fluoride Chemical Equation:
58 Example #2 Word Equation: aluminum bromide + silver phosphide aluminum phosphide + silver bromide Chemical Equation:
59 Example #3 Word Equation: lead (II) nitrate + potassium iodide lead (II) iodide + potassium nitrate Chemical Equation:
60 Combustion Reactions General Formula hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
61 Example #1 Word Equation: methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water Chemical Equation: CH 4 + O 2
62 Example #2 Word Equation: butane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water Chemical Equation: C 4 H 10 + O 2
63 Worksheet Combustion Reactions
64 Questions re Chemical Reactions Answer the following questions about the chemical reaction shown below: 2H 2 + O 2 1. What are the reactant(s)? 2. What is the product(s)? 2H 2 O 3. What do we call the number "2" in front of the H 2 and H 2 O? 4. Is the reaction balanced? 5. How many hydrogen atoms are needed to produce two water molecules? 6. How many oxygen molecules are needed to produce two water molecules?
65 Worksheet Identifying Types of Reactions
66 Translating Word Equations to Balanced Chemical Equations 1. Potassium metal and chlorine gas combine to form potassium chloride. 2. Hydrogen gas and nitrogen monoxide react to form water and nitrogen gas. 3. Ammonium chloride and lead (III) nitrate react to form ammonium nitrate and lead (III) chloride. 4. Zinc and lead (II) nitrate react to form zinc nitrate and lead.
67
68 Attachments Science 10 Grade 9 Chem Topics.docx Science 10 Grade 9 Chem What Do You Know.docx Science 10 Activity Molecular Models.docx Science 10 Answer Key Ions and Subatomic Particles.pdf Science 10 What Do You Know.docx
Experiment #4. Elements and Compounds.
Experiment #4. Elements and Compounds. Goals To practice naming and classifying elements and compounds Background Properties of Elements Elements on the periodic table can be classified as metals, nonmetals
More informationCHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014
CHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014 Chapter 3: Compounds and Formulas Today: Types of compounds: Ionic vs. covalent Naming ionic compounds Naming binary covalent compounds (two elements only) Ionic Bonding
More informationH 2 O. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas
H 2 O Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES: Identify the charges on monatomic ions by using the periodic table, and name the ions. Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES:
More informationLaw of Definite Proportion** (Proust): A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
# 10 Notes Unit 2: Laws, Properties & Mols Ch. Atoms, Molecules, Ions 5 Chemical Laws: I. Law of Conservation of Mass** (Lavoisier): Mass cannot be created or destroyed. II. III. IV. Law of Definite Proportion**
More informationAtomic Theory and Donding
Surrounding Name Date Atomic Theory and Donding Textbook pages 1 68-183 Summary Before You Read What do you already know about Bohr diagrams? Record your answer in the lines below. What are atoms? An atom
More informationUnit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Unit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Upon successful completion of this unit, the students should be able to: 2.1 State and be able to apply the Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of Definite Proportions,
More information» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.
» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.» Separated chemically not physically» No overall charge; they
More informationNomenclature. Ex. For sodium the oxidation number is +1. For oxygen the oxidation number is -2.
Nomenclature 1. BONDING CAPACITY (VALENCE) The number of bonds an atom can make. For a Cation, the bonding capacity is the number of electrons lost to become stable. For an Anion, the bonding capacity
More informationExperiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature
Experiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature Many everyday and historically important chemical compounds have common names. For example, water is the common name for H 2 O, baking soda is the common name for NaHCO
More informationChemical Bonding and Naming Compounds. Ionic. Acid. Base. Oct 4 7:40 PM
Chemical Bonding and Naming Compounds (Chapter 9) Types of Bonds Ionic Bonds Molecular Bonds Types of Compounds Ionic Molecular Acid Base Chemical Bonding Atoms will bond together using their valence electrons.
More informationChapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions
Chapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions Reading Assignment: Read the entire chapter. Homework: see the web site for homework. http://web.fccj.org/~smilczan/psc/homework7_11.htm
More informationChemical Bonding. Chemical Bonds. Metals, Ions, or Molecules. All Matter Exists as Atoms,
Chemical Bonding Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that is that valence electrons are the
More informationChapter 6. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 6 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationChapter 8 Nomenclature
8.1 Names of Atoms Chapter 8 Nomenclature Simple neutral atoms with no charge are named as is: Na is sodium atom, Ne is neon atom Know the names and symbols for elements #1-20 and Ba, Co, I, Cu, Fe, Pb,
More informationChapter 5. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 5 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationELECTRONS. Construct your own electron dot diagram Choose one element & drag the correct number of VALENCE Br electrons around it.
Ch. 6 - Chemical Bonds Chemical reactivity depends on electron configuration. Remember the Stable Octet rule: when the highest energy level occupied is filled with electrons (8 electrons for most atoms),
More informationIonic Compounds and Metals
Ionic Compounds and Metals Chapter 7 Ch. 7.1 Chemical bond Cation Anion Vocabulary Ch. 7.2 Ionic bond Ionic compound Binary compound Crystal lattice Electrolyte Lattice energy 2 Objectives Define a chemical
More informationNomenclature Naming Ionic Compounds Worksheet #1
Naming Ionic Compounds Worksheet #1 In forming ionic compounds with non-metals, the transition metals often exhibit more than one valence. For example, in the reaction between iron and chlorine, two products
More informationIonic and Metallic Bonding
Unit 5: Ionic and Metallic Bonding H 2 O Valence Electrons are? The electrons responsible for the chemical properties of atoms, and are those in the outer energy level. Valence electrons - The s and p
More informationCHEM 103 Naming Compounds
CHEM 103 Naming Compounds Lecture Notes February 7, 2006 Prof. Sevian 1 Agenda How we name compounds depends on what kind of compounds they are Ionic compounds Molecular compounds Acids are molecular compounds
More informationCHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS. Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley
CHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley SECTION 1: CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS While the bulk of the content will come from the Naming Chemical Compounds
More informationChemical Bonds CH. 18: PG
Chemical Bonds CH. 18: PG. 552-571 Today s Learning Objectives How does a compound differ from the elements that make it up? What is a chemical bond? Know how to determine the number of valence electrons
More informationUnit 1 - Chemical Processes
Unit 1 - Chemical Processes Chapter 1 - Chemical Nomenclature Watch: An Introduction to Chemistry Unit 1 - Chemical Processes 1 / 57 Part I - Chemicals in Action This section will explore ionic and molecular
More informationChemical Bonding. Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals
Chemical Bonding Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals Essential Questions Why/How do atoms combine with one another to form the vast array of chemical substances that exist?
More informationScience 1206 Ch. 3 - Chemical names, formulas and equations
Science 1206 Ch. 3 - Chemical names, formulas and equations 3.1 - Ionic and molecular compounds (pp. 98-107) Compounds A compound is a pure substance made of a combination of elements. The elements are
More informationNOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP
SECOND NINE WEEKS NOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP 1 2 UNIT 5 CHEMICAL NAMING & BALANCING Chapter 6, 15.1, 16.1 3 NOMENCLATURE: Atoms of elements combine to form that are represented by. All compounds
More informationChemistry 51 Chapter 5 OCTET RULE & IONS
OCTET RULE & IONS Most elements, except noble gases, combine to form compounds. Compounds are the result of the formation of chemical bonds between two or more different elements. In the formation of a
More informationIUPAC BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TYPES
IUPAC BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TYPES SIMPLE COVALENT COMMON NAME IONIC COMPOUNDS SIMPLE IONIC MULTIVALENT POLYATOMIC/COMPLEX HYDRATED IONIC ACIDS International
More informationNaming Chemical Compounds: A Review. I. Ionic Compounds II. Covalent Compounds
Naming Chemical Compounds: A Review I. Ionic Compounds II. Covalent Compounds Classifying Compounds The system for naming an ionic compound is different from that for naming a covalent compound, so before
More informationNomenclature for ionic compounds
Name: Nomenclature for ionic compounds Nomenclature is a system of naming. This worksheet presents a widely used system of nomenclature for ionic compounds. There are two types of metal cations with different
More informationChapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds. Octet Rule. Metals Form Positive Ions. Ionic and Covalent Bonds. Formation of a Sodium Ion, Na +
Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds Octet Rule 4.1 Octet Rule and Ions An octet Is 8 valence electrons. Is associated with the stability of the noble gases. Helium (He) is stable with 2 valence electrons
More informationOutcome: 2-03 Write formulas and names for binary ionic compounds Write formulas and names for covalent compounds.
Naming Compounds Outcome: 2-03 Write formulas and names for binary ionic compounds. 2-04 Write formulas and names for covalent compounds. Elemental Molecules: You are responsible for knowing the DIATOMIC
More informationChapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Learning Objectives Describe the formation of ions by electron loss/gain to obtain the electronic configuration of a noble gas. Describe the formation of ionic bonds between
More informationInorganic Nomenclature
Inorganic Nomenclature A. The Chemical Elements 1. The term INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE refers to the naming of elements and inorganic compounds. Recall that ELEMENTS are the simplest form of matter that cannot
More informationStudent Workbook Physical Science Chemical Bonding- Chapter 20 Mr. Davis
Broughton High School Name: Section 1 Chemical Bonding Chapter 20 Student Workbook Physical Science Chemical Bonding- Chapter 20 Mr. Davis Broughton High School Chapter 20 Chemical Bonding Vocabulary Words
More informationBOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS IUPAC MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TYPES
BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS IUPAC MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TYPES SIMPLE COVALENT COMMON NAME IONIC COMPOUNDS SIMPLE IONIC MULTIVALENT POLYATOMIC/COMPLEX HYDRATED IONIC ACIDS AKA: ENERGY
More informationCHM101 Lab Chemical Compounds Grading Rubric
Name Team Name CHM101 Lab Chemical Compounds Grading Rubric To participate in this lab you must have splashproof goggles, proper shoes and attire. Criteria Points possible Points earned Lab Performance
More informationChapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas
Chapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas 6.1 Octet Rule and Ions 1 Octet Rule An octet is 8 valence electrons is associated with the stability of the noble gases does not occur with
More informationCompounds. Part 1: Types of Compounds & Bonding
Compounds Part 1: Types of Compounds & Bonding Review In their natural state, atoms have no overall charge. 18 Ar Argon 40 Protons = 18 Electrons = 18 This is because the number of protons (+) equals the
More informationMolecule 2 atoms chemically combined, smallest part of compound
Chemical Bonds 008: Chemical Bonds Bonding: the way atoms are attracted to each other to form molecules, determines nearly all of the chemical properties we see. And, as we shall see, the number 8 is
More informationChapter 2. The Components of Matter
Chapter 2. The Components of Matter 1 The Periodic Table (Section 2.6) 13 Al 26.981 Main Idea: 1. Groups: Old numbering system: New IUPAC numbering system: 2. Periods: 3. Know the names and properties
More informationCompound Names and Formulas Activity
Name: KEY Class Period: Compound Names and Formulas Activity Part 1 Instructions: Study the following compound formulas and their corresponding names. Then answer the questions below. Questions: 1. What
More informationWorld of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 4, page 1] Chapter 4 Nomenclature
World of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 4, page 1] Chapter 4 Nomenclature 1) The Periodic Table Review from Chapter The elements are arranged in rows and columns on the Periodic Table according
More informationGrade 10 Chemistry Unit Review To complete this sheet you will need your periodic table and list of polyatomic ions
Grade 10 Chemistry Unit Review To complete this sheet you will need your periodic table and list of polyatomic ions Date: Part 1 The Structure of the Atom 1. List the three sub-atomic particles. After
More informationChapter 4. Chemical Compounds
Chapter 4 Chemical Compounds Chapter Map Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Element: A substance that cannot be chemically converted into simpler substances; a substance in which all of the atoms have the
More informationTopic 5: The Language of Chemistry
Topic 5: The Language of Chemistry Chemical Formulas & Chemical Compounds (Chapter 7 in Modern Chemistry) A Chemical Formula Recall that a chemical formula indicates the relative number of atoms of each
More informationBig Idea: Matter & Atoms
Big Idea: Matter & Atoms Naming Ionic Compounds Naming Covalent Compounds Naming Acids Naming Hydrates The cation (positive ion) is written first Takes the same name as the element if only forms one charge
More informationNomenclature (Naming Compounds) and Chemical Formulas
Nomenclature (Naming Compounds) and Chemical Formulas 1 Ions formed from a single atom Monatomic Ions Charges are determined by whether ion has lost electrons (+) or gained electrons (-) Symbols are written
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature Learn names you will Review: Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that
More informationHonors Chemistry - Unit 5 Chapter 7 - Nomenclature
Honors Chemistry - Unit 5 Chapter 7 - Nomenclature Unit 5 Packet - Page 1 of 16 Vocab Due: Quiz(zes): 1) Test Date: UT Quest: 2) VOCABULARY: 1) monatomic ion 2) cation 3) anion 4) binary compound 4) ionic
More informationAtoms and Bonding. Chapter 18 Physical Science
Atoms and Bonding Chapter 18 Physical Science 2017-2018 Atoms and Bonding: Chemical Bonding The combining of atoms of elements to form new substances. Bonding of atoms determine a compound s properties.
More informationUnit 2. Chapter 4-Atoms and Elements, continued
CHEMISTRY 110 LECTURE Unit 2 Chapter 4-Atoms and Elements, continued I Ions II ISOTOPES-Tools A. Tools 1. Atomic number, Z,, equals the number of protons 2. Mass number, A, equals the sum of protons and
More informationChapter 5 Ionic Compounds. Classification of Compounds. Chemical Nomenclature
Chapter 5 Ionic Compounds Classification of Compounds Chapter 5 2 Chemical Nomenclature The term nomenclature come from the Latin word meaning calling by name. Chemical Nomenclature is a system for naming
More informationNomenclature. Naming Compounds
Nomenclature Naming Compounds Ionic Compounds Metal bonding with non-metal One atom gains electrons, one atom loses electrons Exist as ions with full highest energy levels. Are held together in a giant
More informationIons and Ionic Compounds
Ions and Ionic Compounds Elements combine in a specific ratio to form compounds. Compounds can be categorized as ionic or covalent depending on the type of bond present within the compound. Ionic compounds
More informationCHAPTER 2: ATOMS, IONS, AND MOLECULES
CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, IONS, AND MOLECULES Problems: 2.1-2.78, 2.81-2.93, 2.94-2.96, 2.111-2.119, 2.121, 2.127 2.1 THE NUCLEAR MODEL OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE Joseph John (J. J.) Thomson (1897) carried out experiments
More informationChapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations
Chapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations Molecular View of Elements and Compounds 2 How do atom join together to form a compound? compounds are made of atoms held together by chemical bonds
More informationCHAPTER 7: LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 7: LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY Problems: 3-12, 13(a-c), 14(a,c,d), 15(a-c), 16(a,c), 17-19, 20c, 21, 22(a,c), 23-27, 33(a,c,d), 34(a,c,d), 35, 36(a,c), 37(a,b,d), 43-48, 49b, 50b, 51-52, 59-62 7.1 CLASSIFICATION
More informationBonding and Nomenclature notes.notebook
Chemical Bonding & Nomenclature Objectives: Distinguish between covalent and ionic bonding Explain the process of bonding Name ionic and covalent compounds and acids Write chemical formulas for ionic and
More informationAtoms seldom exist as particles in nature. Oxygen you breathe and water you drink are combinations of that are held together by chemical bonds.
Ch 6 & 7 Ionic Bonding and Nomenclature Student Guided Notes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Atoms seldom exist as particles in nature. Oxygen you breathe and water you drink are combinations of that
More informationCHEM 103 Naming Compounds
CHEM 103 Naming Compounds Lecture Notes February 9, 2006 Prof. Sevian Chem 103 Please sit with your groups today. We will be doing a group problem at the end of class. 2 2005 H. Sevian 1 Agenda How we
More informationNaming and Counting Atoms and Molecules. Chemistry--Unit 2
Naming and Counting Atoms and Molecules Chemistry--Unit 2 Masses of 22.4 L O 2, N 2, & HCl N 2 28 g O 2 32 g HCl 36.5 g Observation: At 1 atmosphere pressure and 0 o C, 22.4 L of 3 different gases have
More informationAP Chemistry (1 of 20) AP Chemistry (2 of 20) AP Chemistry (3 of 20) AP Chemistry (4 of 20) AP Chemistry (5 of 20) AP Chemistry (6 of 20)
Ions Ionic Charges of Representative Elements (1 of 20) (2 of 20) Formulas and Names of Common Metal Ions with More than One Common Ionic Charge Some Common Polyatomic Ions (3 of 20) (4 of 20) Naming Monatomic
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature! The first names for chemicals were common names: Sugar, quicklime, Epsom salts, milk of magnesia, gypsom, laughing gas Simple, but not practical, the tell us little about the chemicals
More informationNaming and Formula Writing
+ Naming and Formula Writing + Chemical Formulas Shows the kind and number of atoms in the smallest piece of a substance Use subscripts to show the number of atoms per element Molecular formula- number
More informationThe Structure of Matter:
The Structure of Matter: How atoms form compounds and Chemical Bonding This information is found in Chapter 6 Sections 1 & 3. 1 Compounds Are formed when two or more elements combine (or compounds combine)
More informationUnit 1 - Foundations of Chemistry
Unit 1 - Foundations of Chemistry Chapter 1 - Atomic Structure and Nomenclature Watch: An Introduction to Chemistry Mr. Palmarin Chapter 1 - Nomenclature 1 / 47 Section 1.1 - Introduction to Chemistry
More informationChemical Formulas and Chemical Nomenclature. Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Honors Chemistry
Chemical Formulas and Chemical Nomenclature Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Honors Chemistry 1 Molecular View of Elements and Compounds 2 Atomic Elements Atomic Elements = elements whose smallest
More informationScience 1206 Worksheet 1
Science 1206 Worksheet 1 1. Indicate whether the following changes are physical changes or chemical changes by writing physical or chemical in the table. Tearing paper Roasting marshmallows Using bleach
More informationChapter 5: Nomenclature
Chem 1025 Prof George W.J. Kenney, Jr Introductory Chemistry, Zumdahl Decoste, 6th ed Last Update: 21July09 Chapter 5: Nomenclature These Notes are to SUPPLIMENT the Text, They do NOT Replace reading the
More informationWRITING FORMULAS AND NAMING COMPOUNDS IONIC COMPOUNDS
WRITING FORMULAS AND NAMING COMPOUNDS IONIC COMPOUNDS One of the most important concepts to understand when naming and writing ionic compounds is the concept of charge. You must be able to predict which
More informationInorganic Nomenclature
Inorganic Nomenclature http://www.msu.edu/user/dynicrai/physics/h2o.htm A. The Chemical Elements 1. The term INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE refers to the naming of elements and inorganic compounds. Recall that
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chapter 6 Chemical Nomenclature Section 6.1 Introduction to Nomenclature Nomenclature: A system of names used in a science. The key to learning such a system is to minimize memorization and develop an
More informationTest- Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Question Max Point Number Score Scored Date Duration Grade Instructions
Physical Science Test- Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student
More informationChemistry. Test - Unit Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17. Total. Teacher s Use Only. Student s Name. Max Score. Question Number. Point Scored.
Chemistry Test - Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student ID
More informationlost, gained or shared chemical bonds symbols subscripts NaCl, H O, CaCO, CO
Topics Chemical Bonds Force that holds atom together Stability in Bonding Valence Electrons Reactivity Types of Bonds Ionic, Metallic, Covalent, Hydrogen bond Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds Binary
More informationNomenclature of inorganic compounds. = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds. Some definitions:
1 Chemistry 047 Inorganic Nomenclature Nomenclature of inorganic compounds = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds Some definitions: Nomenclature = system used by chemists to name and identify compounds
More informationWorksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds)
Worksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds) 1. Name the first element. 2. Name the second element with an ide ending Example: NaCl A1
More informationChemical Compounds. Chemical Compounds. What is a compound? How are they formed? Finding the ionic charge of an element? Classifying compounds
Chemical Compounds What is a compound? How are they formed? Finding the ionic charge of an element? Classifying compounds 1 Compounds: made of 2 or more elements chemically combined through a chemical
More informationUNIT 4 WRITING & NAMING CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
UNIT 4 WRITING & NAMING CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS What is the Periodic Table? Periodic Trends Metals and Nonmetals What is the Oxidation number? More on Ionic Compounds Binary Naming of Ionic Compounds Polyatomic
More informationIntroduction To Nomenclature. based on procedures created by IUPAC which stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Introduction To Nomenclature the skill of determining the name and/or chemical formula of a compound based on procedures created by IUPAC which stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
More informationCHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley)
Name CHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley) If you get stuck on one item, just go to the next and come back later. Point possibilities are indicated in parentheses to the right of each problem
More informationChapter 2. Law of. Chapter Dalton s Atomic Theory. Elements, compounds, and chemical reactions. Concept of atoms --- nearly 2500 years ago.
Chapter 2 Elements, compounds, and chemical reactions 1 2.1 Dalton s Atomic Theory Concept of atoms --- nearly 2500 years ago. Greek Philosophical reasoning: atomos Modern atomic theory was developed from
More informationChemical Names & Formulas. Water Ammonia Methane 1
Chemical Names & Formulas Water Ammonia Methane 1 Why Systematic Names? # atomic particles 3 (p, n, e) # elements 110+ # elements in 8 earth s crust (99%) # elements in all 25 living things # compounds
More informationChemistry Review. a) all of the b) a&b c) a,b&c d) a,b&d above
Chemistry Review 1. The elements whose symbols are P, C, and N are (a) potassium, cadmium, and nickel. (b) potassium, carbon, and nitrogen. (c) phosphorus, calcium, and neon. (d) phosphorus, carbon, and
More informationSummer Assignment 2014
Summer Assignment 2014 The summer assignment is to help prepare you for the beginning of AP chemistry. The assignment is not graded, but the test on the second day of school covering the material will
More informationRegents Chemistry Unit 3- Bonding, Moles & Stoichiometry Study Guide & Pre-Test KEY
Name: Regents Chemistry Unit 3- Bonding, Moles & Stoichiometry Study Guide & Pre-Test KEY Focus Questions for the Unit: How are compounds different... from elements?... from mixtures? What role do valence
More informationelemental state. There are two different possibilities: DESCRIPTION 1. One cation (+ ion) replaces another. 2. One anion (- ion) replaces another.
CHEMICAL TYPES HANDOUT In these reactions, a free element reacts with a compound to form another compound and release one of the elements of the original compound in the elemental state. There are two
More informationOccurs when electrons are transferred electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonding Occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming two ions The ions stay together because of electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
More informationCHEMISTRY 110 CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS WEEK 2
1 CHEMISTRY 110 CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS WEEK 2 Be familiar with Figures 2.4 (Cathode-Ray Tube), 2.8 (Behavior of α, β, and γ Particles), 2.5 (Millikan s Oil Drop Experiment), 2.10 (Rutherford
More informationNaming Simple Compounds
Naming Simple Compounds Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds consist of positive and negative ions. have attractions called ionic bonds between positively and negatively charged ions. have high melting and
More informationChapter 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. Copyright 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 Table of Contents (2.1) (2.2) (2.3) (2.4) (2.5) (2.6) (2.7) (2.8) The early history of chemistry Fundamental chemical laws Dalton s atomic theory Early experiments
More informationEIT Review S2007 Dr. J.A. Mack.
EIT Review S2007 Dr. J.A. Mack www.csus.edu/indiv/m/mackj/ Part 1 Atom: The smallest divisible unit of an element Compound: A substance made of two or more atoms Ion: A charged atom or molecule Cation:
More informationBonding-when atoms get it on. Ionic Compounds 9/22/2013. Chemical Formulas and Bonding
Bonding-when atoms get it on Chemical Formulas and Bonding There are two types of bonds that you need to know. The first kind of bond is Ionic bond. Ionic Bond = when a positive ion is attracted to a negatively
More informationChapter 5: Molecules and Compounds
C h e m i s t r y 1 2 C h 5 : M o l e c u l e s a n d C o m p o u n d s P a g e 1 Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds Read Chapter 5 Check for MasteringChemistry due dates. Pure Substances and Mixtures:
More informationAP Chemistry Unit 1 Review Guide: IUPAC Naming, Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry
I. IUPAC Naming AP Chemistry Unit 1 Review Guide: IUPAC Naming, Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry For Ionic Compounds: Formula to Name: 1. Identify the cation (positive ion) by name, then identify the
More informationCh.2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Ch.2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Naming Recall Ionic Bond = electrostatic attraction due to the transfer of vse - s between a metal and nonmetal Covalent Bond = sharing of valence electrons between nonmetals
More informationChemical Names and Formulas. Overview Metals and Non-Metals Ions and Ionic Charges Types of Compounds Systematic Names -Writing Names and Formulas
Chemical Names and Formulas Overview Metals and Non-Metals Ions and Ionic Charges Types of Compounds Systematic Names -Writing Names and Formulas Naming Compounds Tutorial General Information Binary Ionic
More informationMatter is anything that has mass and takes up space. All types of matter have physical and chemical properties.
Unit 2- Chemistry Chapter 5 and 6 Read Page 165 Feb 20 11:16 AM Chemistry is the study of Matter, its properties, and its changes or transformations. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
More informationCHEMICAL FORMULAS - NOMENCLATURE (The Language of Chemistry)
CHEMICAL FORMULAS - NOMENCLATURE (The Language of Chemistry) Systematic chemical names of inorganic compounds were developed by a group of scientists who were part of the International Union of Pure and
More information