CHEM 121b Exam 1 Spring 1999

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1 Name SSN CHEM 121b Exam 1 Spring 1999 This exam consists of 15 multiple choice questions (each worth 2 points), and 5 written problems (points noted below for each). There are a total of 100 possible points. Please print your name and the Test Color on your Scantron sheet. Carefully mark the appropriate answer to each question on the Scantron sheet, and show any work in the space provided. Please hand in both the Exam and the Scantron sheet. Multiple Choice 1. Which process occurring during solution formation is exothermic? a. separation of solute particles from each other b. separation of solvent particles from each other c. interaction of solvent with solute d. none of these 2. Which one of the following substances would be most soluble in CCl 4? a. CH 3 CH 2 OH c. NH 3 b. H 2 O d. C 10 H Pressure has an appreciable effect only on the solubility of in liquids. a. gases c. liquids b. solids d. all of the above 4. Increasing the temperature of an aqueous solution of a gas will cause the of the solution to. a. molality, increase c. mole fraction, increase b. molarity, decrease d. % by weight, increase 5. The concentraion unit used to calculate boiling point elevation is a. molarity c. molality b. solubility d. mole fraction 6. As the concentration of a solute in a solution increases, the freezing point of the solution and the vapor pressure of the solution. a. increases, increases c. decreases, increases b. increases, decreases d. decreases, decreases 7. A solution of water and a nonvolatile, nonionizing compound is placed in a tube with a semipermeable membrane on one side. The tube is placed in a beaker of pure water. What initial net effect will occur? a. water will flow from the beaker to the tube b. water will flow from the tube to the beaker c. the compound will pass through the membrane into solution d. nothing will move through the membrane either way

2 Chem 121b Exam 1 Page 2 8. Which of the following is not a colligative property? a. freezing point depression c. osmotic pressure b. boiling point elevation d. solubility 9. A m solution of which one of the following solutes will have the lowest vapor pressure? a. NaCl c. K 2 CrO 4 b. Al(NO 3 ) 3 d. Na 2 SO Shaving cream is an example of which colloid type? a. aerosol c. emulsion b. foam d. sol 11. The process of solute particles being surrounded by water molecules is known as a. salutation c. hydration b. agglomeration d. agglutination 12. Henry s Law states that a. a supersaturated solution is unstable b. the solubilty of a gas decreases as the gas pressure is increased c. the solubility of a gas increases as the gas pressure is increased d. a concentrated solution lowers the freezing point of a solution 13. Vitamin E is a hydrophobic substance that can be stored in the body. Vitamin E is: a. polar c. able to dissolve in water b. nonpolar d. unable to dissolve in fatty tissue 14. A solution contains 10% ethanol, 25% butanol, 40% propanol, and 25% methanol. What is the solvent? a. ethanol c. butanol b. methanol d. propanol 15. When argon is placed in a container of neon, the argon spontaneously disperses throughout the neon. Why? a. the dispersion of argon atoms produces an increase in disorder b. a decrease in energy occurs whtn the two mix c. large attractive forces between argon and neon atoms d. hydrogen bonding Useful Information PV = nrt R = (L atm)/(mol K) = J/(mol K) T = ikm M = mol solute /L solution m = mol solute /kg solvent χ A = mol A /(mol A + mol B ) M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 P solution = χ solvent P o solvent P total = χ A P o A + χ B P o B χ A vapor = P A /P total Π = imrt P = kc

3 Chem 121b Exam 1 Page 3 Written Problems Write out the solution to each written problem. Please show all of your work. 16. An aqueous solution of nitric acid contains 70.0 % HNO 3 by mass. (a) Calculate the mole fraction of HNO 3 in the solution. (b) Calculate the molality of HNO 3 in the solution. (c) Assuming the density of the solution is 1.42 g/ml, calculate the molarity of HCl in the solution. (15 pts.)

4 Chem 121b Exam 1 Page Mountain Dew is bottled so that a bottle at 25 C contains CO 2 gas at a pressure of 6.3 atm over the liquid. Assuming that the partial pressure of CO 2 in the atmosphere is 3.8 x 10 4 atm, calculate the equilibrium concentrations of CO 2 (molarity) in the Mountain Dew solution both before and after the bottle is opened. The Henry s Law constant for CO 2 in aqueous solution is 32 L. atm/mol at 25 C. (10 pts.) 18. A solution is prepared by mixing 2.00 mol benzene (C 6 H 6 ) with 3.00 mol toluene (C 6 H 5 CH 3 ). What is the composition of the vapor in terms of mole fraction at 25 C? At 25 C the vapor pressures of benzene and toluene are 95 and 28 torr, repectively. (15 pts.)

5 Chem 121b Exam 1 Page A chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine. When 1.22 g of the solid is dissolved in g of benzene the freezing point is lowered by 1.32 C. Calculate the molar mass of the solid. The molal freezing point constant (K f ) for benzene is 5.12 C/m. (15 pts.)

6 Chem 121b Exam 1 Page Calculate the osmotic pressure at 30 C of a solution that is made by taking 25 ml of 0.55 M CaCl 2 solution and diluting it to 100 ml. (15 pts). Multiple Choice (30) Problem 16 (15) Problem 17 (10) Problem 18 (15) Problem 19 (15) Problem 20 (15) Exam 1 Total (100)

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