Review Topic 8: Phases of Matter and Mixtures

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Name: Score: 24 / 24 points (100%) Review Topic 8: Phases of Matter and Mixtures Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. C 1.

1 Name: Score: 24 / 24 points (100%) Review Topic 8: Phases of Matter and Mixtures Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. C 1. Soda water is a solution of carbon dioxide in water. The solution is composed of a a. gaseous solute in a gaseous solvent c. gaseous solute in a liquid solvent b. liquid solute in a liquid solvent d. liquid solute in a gaseous solvent water is a liquid carbon dioxide is a gas carbon dioxide is being dissolved into the water and solute goes into solvent C 2. A solution which has a concentration that exceeds its predicted solubility at a certain temperature and pressure would be a. unsaturated c. supersaturated b. saturated d. dilute Super means more than, so supersaturated has more than it should B 3. a. c. b. d. Go to 90 degrees and see which is the highest file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 1/9

2 B 4. A 5. a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4 condensation is a gas > liquid a. Chromatography c. Decanting b. Filtration d. Distillation This is a picture of a chromatography experiment where the solvent would be the mobile phase and the paper is the stationary phase. file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 2/9

A 6. Which basic lab technique involves the separation of a mixture s components through differences in particle size? a. Filtration c. Distillation b. Extraction d.

3 A 6. Which basic lab technique involves the separation of a mixture s components through differences in particle size? a. Filtration c. Distillation b. Extraction d. Crystallization Bigger particles stay in filter, smaller particles go through D 7. Which of the following best describes sublimation? a. A solid melting to a liquid b. A solid melting to a liquid, which then evaporates c. The movement of gaseous particles so that they fill the space they occupy d. A solid forming a gas sublimation is solid > gas A 8. Standard atmospheric pressure is kpa. According to the graph, which of these four liquids boils at the lowest temperature? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4 At 101.3, 1 is reached first at about 35 C D 9. Which of the following is a mixture? a. Carbon c. Distilled water b. Glucose d. Air file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 3/9

4 a element b molecule c compound d mixture of various gases B 10. Which of these best describes sublimation? a. A solid changing to a liquid phase b. A solid changing to a gaseous phase c. A gas filling the space in its container d. A liquid taking the shape of its container A 11. solid > gas The graph shows the phase diagram of a substance. At which point on the diagram do the solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist simultaneously? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4 the triple point, which is 1. C 12. Most gases have the property of becoming increasingly soluble in a liquid as the temperature of the liquid decreases. Which graph shows this relationship? a. c. file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 4/9

5 b. d. This is the only graph that has a higher solubility at the lower temperatures C 13. Water has several unique properties such as high boiling point, high surface tension, and low vapor pressure. The type of attraction that best accounts for these unique properties is a. dispersion forces c. hydrogen bonding b. coordinate covalent bonding d. ionic bonding It is describing attraction between the different water molecules so hydrogen bonding is the best answer D 14. According to the graph above, what happens at the triple point of water? a. Only ice and liquid water exist in equilibrium. b. Water exists only as a solid. c. Water exists only as a gas. d. Ice, water vapor, and liquid water exist in equilibrium. Triple point means the point at which all three phases exist at the same time D 15. Which of the following liquids would exhibit the highest vapor pressure at 25.0 C? file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 5/9

6 a. Water, boiling point 100 C c. Ethyl alcohol, boiling point 78.3 C b. Glycerine, boiling point 290 C d. Ether, boiling point 34.6 C The one with the highest vapor pressure will be the one with the lowest boiling point, because the lower it boils the more gas particles at a higher temperature = higher pressure C 16. To remove the sand first and then the salt from a mixture of sand and salt water, one combination of techniques you could use would be to first a. evaporate and then distill c. filter and then evaporate b. evaporate and then condense d. filter and then condense filter first to get rid of sand, then evaporate to get rid of water C 17. What probably causes water to have the highest specific heat of the substances listed above? a. Molecule size c. Strong hydrogen bonds b. Molecular mass d. High density of ice Alcohol is larger than water, but it is lower so A is out. Same with molecular mass so B is out too. Ice is actually has a low density (that s why ice floats) so D is out. And hydrogen bonding is usually a good SOL answer B 18. Water can be made to boil above its normal boiling point of 100 C by a. decreasing the air pressure c. increasing the heat being applied b. increasing the air pressure d. decreasing the volume of the container To get water to boil at a higher temperature than normal, more pressure must be added. file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 6/9

7 B 19. According to the table, which of these probably has the strongest bonds? a. Hydrogen gas c. Sodium chloride b. Iron crystals d. Water The strongest bonds would be a solid the longest (highest melting point) D 20. Using the chart above, which of these combinations will probably form a precipitate? a. Ammonium chloride c. Calcium chromate b. Barium bromide d. Copper (II) carbonate precipitates are insoluble or i where the two parts meet file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 7/9

8 C 21. Which of these laboratory techniques is best to separate a solid from a liquid to recover the liquid? a. Titration c. Filtering b. Chromatography d. Vaporization C 22. Titration experiment usually with acids and bases that is used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance No Chromatography uses a mobile and stationary phase to separate a mixture of various types of phases, but it usually separates gases from gases or liquids from liquids Not the best choice Filtering separates the liquid and the solid. The solid would get stuck in the filter and the liquid is collected in another container Yes Vaporization separates a liquid and a solid by the liquid would escape as it evaporated No A beaker of water is placed in a large sealed jar that is attached to a vacuum pump. As air is pumped out of the jar, the water begins to boil because a. the temperature of the water decreases as the surrounding pressure decreases b. the lower pressure inside the jar causes the water to contract c. the air pressure in the jar has been lowered until it is equal to the vapor pressure of the water d. the pressure on the water is insufficient to hold the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together, resulting in a decomposition reaction To evaporate, the water molecules have to be able to get away from each other. However, at normal pressure, the water molecules that try to leave run into air molecules that knock them back into the liquid in the beaker. As the pump removes the air molecules, the water molecules can start to escape. So, choice c is the option that describes this the best. A 23. Which of the following could cause a gaseous substance to liquify? a. An increase in pressure c. An increase in temperature b. An increase in volume d. A decrease in number of moles Increasing pressure will force the particles closer to each other and cause them file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 8/9

9 to liquify D 24. The physical process of evaporation involves a. ion formation c. transferring valence electrons b. electron sharing d. overcoming intermolecular forces For something to evaporate, the molecules have to have enough energy to get away from each other and overcome any attraction they have with each other. inter means between so intermolecular forces are the forces between the molecules. This is what needs to be broken. file:///c:/users/joseph%20morris/desktop/sol%20review%20topics/review%20topic%208/review_topic_8_sg.htm 9/9

cp final review part 2

Name: Class: Date: cp final review part 2 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Standard conditions when working with gases are