Formation and evolution of a complex organic molecule : from interstellar ices to asteroids
|
|
- MargaretMargaret York
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Formation and evolution of a complex organic molecule : from interstellar ices to asteroids V. Vinogradoff, S. Bernard, Duvernay F., C. Le Guillou, Chiavassa T., L. Remusat
2 Molecules in Interstellar ices H 2 O, CO, CO 2, CH 3 OH, H 2 CO H 3 Gibb et al., The Astrophysical Journal, Simple molecules observed in interstellar ices A.C.A. Boogert and P. Ehrenfreund, ASP Conference Series, 2004.
3 Organic matter in chondrites IOM (75-90%) SOM (10-25%) Remusat, 2015 Derenne & Robert, 2010 Evidence of hydrothermal alteration in chondrites : modification of the organic matter? Le Guillou et al., 2014
4 Goal? Relationship between ices and asteroids?
5 The HMT molecule Characterized in interstellar ice analogue residues Up to 60%wt of the residue H 2 O / CH 3 OH / H 3 / CO / CO 2 ice analogue: photolysed at 20 K and warmed to room temperature Hexamethyltetramine (HMT) COO - H 4 + amide HMT HMT HMT never observed in the ISM, nor in meteorites J.E. Bowey, MRAS, 298, 1998 esters G.M. Muñoz-Caro et al., ature, 2002, 416, M.P. Bernstein et al., ature, 2002, 416, mechanism formation in ices? -initial molecule in the OM in meteorites? What is its modifications during hydrothermal alteration?
6 Experimental investigations? Interstellar ice evolution: Formation of complex organic molecules in ices From simple molecules (3-5 atoms) to HMT (22 atoms)
7 Interstellar ice evolution ( Reactivity in Iterstellar Grains) Gas mixture cryogenerator 4 K- 800 K FTIR spectrometer mass spectrometer Gas inlet Ice mixture Pressure inside 10-9 mbar 2 gas lines H 2 plasma source Simulation of ISM energetic processes Experiments and detection of products followed by infrared and mass spectrometers «ices» (H 2 O, CO, CO 2, CH 3 OH, H 2 CO H 3 ) VUV Irradiation Warming Warming Refractory compounds (10 K-200 K) (200 K-300 K)
8 Interstellar ice evolution: the case of HMT UV irradiation process: 25 K H 2 O / CH 3 OH / H 3 10:1:1 hν 25 K CH 3 OH + H 3 + H 2 O VUV 10 K Vinogradoff et al., A&A, 530, 2011 Vinogradoff et al. A&A, 551, 2013 After warming, HMT in observed in the residue HMT is not formed after the irradiation process Thermal process? Main Products H 2 CO, HCOOH Oberg,A&A, 504, 2009
9 Interstellar ice evolution: the case of HMT Thermal process: 10 K to 210 K H 2 CO + H 3 Δ 70 K H 2 CH 2 OH Δ 210 K gaz x HMT Bossa et al. The Astrophysical Journal, 707, 2009 Is formic acid key molecule? (main product of the irradation process)
10 Interstellar ice evolution: the case of HMT Thermal process: 10 K to 330 K H 2 CO/ H 3 /HCOOH 1:6:1 H 2 CO H 3 HCOOH Δ Δ HMT FTIR spectrum of an H 2 CO/H 3 HCOOH 1:6:1, ice mixture 10 K (a), 170 K (b), 240 K (c) and 330 K (d). HMT is formed only by thermal process Vinogradoff et al., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2011,530.
11 Interstellar ice evolution: the case of HMT Importance of the thermal processes G Assuming a warming rate of 1 K for 100 years Ice H 3 + H 2 CO HCOOH+H 2 O Kinetical extrapolation kj.mol kj.mol kj.mol -1 H 2 CH 2 OH HCOOH HCOO - TMTH HMT Time (Years) Temperature (K) HMT and precursors could be used as thermometer in ISM HMT is likely a molecule accreted in asteroids Vinogradoff, Rimola et al.., Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys, 2012,14. Vinogradoff et al. A&A, 551, 2013
12 Experimental investigations? Interstellar ice evolution: Formation of complex organic molecules in ices
13 Experimental investigations? Interstellar ice evolution: Formation of complex organic molecules in ices Asteroid evolution: Hydrothermal alteration of interstellar molecule The case of HMT
14 Asteroids evolution: the case of HMT Hydrothermal alteration experiments 1) Product 2) autoclave 3) Glove box under 2 4) Stove at 150 C + Water ph 10 After different duration, up to 31 days 5) Treatment for analysis 6) Analyses -GC-MS -FTIR -XAES-STXM (synchrotron based)
15 Asteroids evolution: the case of HMT Hydrothermal alteration experiments 99 %wt of soluble compounds Mainly nitrogen aromatic compounds > atomes 22 atoms 1%wt of insoluble compound Macromolecule > 100 atomes *Brearley 2006 Vinogradoff et al, in prepapration
16 Asteroids evolution: the case of HMT X-ray Absorption XAES analysis of organic compounds in the solution Carbon edge 0 day 2 days 7 days 20 days 31 days Liquide phase HMT under hydrothermal alteration, 150 C, ph 10 C=C C=O/ C= COOH/ COH 2 C-H C- CH-O CH- X-ray Absorption itrogen edge C= aromatics -C=O (amides) -C=/ -=C aromatics 0,7 M C=C- (pyrrole) ev ev Fast transformation of HMT o more evolution after 20 days
17 Asteroids evolution: the case of HMT GC-MS analysis Diversity of soluble compounds Polymers of imidazole, pyrazine and pyridine complex molecules ->m/z=254 Me3 Large diversity of soluble organic molecules formed, o more HMT after 20 days
18 Asteroids evolution: the case of HMT The Insoluble organic matter formed from HMT (<1 wt.%), formed from 7 days FTIR IR of IOM HMT 31 days νc=o-h/ νc=o-h 2 νc=c /C= δch 2 δch 3 νc-c/ C-/ C-O XAES-carbon edge Carbon edge IOMs Absorbance H/ OH νch 3 νch 2 νc=o X-ray Absorption 7 jrs 20 jrs 31 jrs Wavenumbers (cm -1 ) -Complex macromolecule ev -no evolution once formed
19 Where do we stand?? H/ OH CH 2 C=C /C= C=O-H/ C=O-H CH 2 Absorbance C=O IOM HMT IOM Paris Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Similiar molecules from meteorites 2% nitrogen aromatic cycles 2% amides/amines HMT IOM compared to Paris IOM, similar features but not all SO.
20 Ices to Asteroids: take home message -Organic evolution in ices is the first stage to form complex organic molecules Thermal process has to be closely investigated Potential link between organic in ices and organic in Asteroids, but : -High impact of hydrothermal alteration in organics HMT totally decomposed in less than 20 days Formation of a IOM (clues for SOM and IOM origins in Meteorites) Thank you!
21
22 STXM = Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Synchroton radiation - Spatial Resolution: ~25 nm - Spectral Resolution: 0.1eV Monochromatic X-ray at a single energy E Absorption (Beer Lambert) Inner shell electronic excitation and ionization (K-edge) The energy of the edge is specific of the chemical element Courtesy S. Bernard
23 STXM = Scanning Transmission X-ray MICROSCOPY Synchroton radiation - Spatial Resolution: ~25 nm - Spectral Resolution: 0.1eV Spectromicroscopy= Both spectroscopy and MICROSCOPY at high spatial resolution 20 nm OH 2 objects: one rich in aromatics, the other in carboxylic groups C=O Absorption ev ev ev Energy (ev) XAES spectra Aromatics absorb STXM images Carboxylics absorb Image contrast = Differential absorption of X-rays depending on speciation STXM = Organic Geochemistry at the nanoscale
24
25
Hydrogenation of solid hydrogen cyanide HCN and methanimine CH 2 NH at low temperature
Hydrogenation of solid hydrogen cyanide HCN and methanimine CH 2 NH at low temperature P. Theule, F. Borget, F. Mispelaer, G. Danger, F. Duvernay, J. C. Guillemin, and T. Chiavassa 5 534,A64 (2011) By
More informationCarbamic acid produced by the UV/EUV irradiation of interstellar ice analogs ABSTRACT. 12 CO 2 by 13 CO 2 in the starting mixture. They ascribed this
A&A 464, 253 257 (2007) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20066631 c ESO 2007 Astronomy & Astrophysics Carbamic acid produced by the UV/EUV irradiation of interstellar ice analogs Y.-J. Chen 1,M.Nuevo 1,J.-M.Hsieh
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectroscopy Introduction Spectroscopy is an analytical technique which helps determine structure. It destroys little or no sample. The amount of light absorbed by the sample is measured as wavelength
More informationkev e - and H + ECR source Shock wave Molecular ices 3 C 2 H 2 C 6 H 6 2 C 3 H 3 Dust impact Europa
B Sivaraman kev e - and H + Shock wave Molecular ices ECR source 3 C 2 H 2 C 6 H 6 Europa Dust impact 2 C 3 H 3 C 6 H 6 Temperature, K 273 K 70 / 80 90 K 50 60 K < 20 K New molecules (ISM) C 60 - C 70
More informationLecture 11. IR Theory. Next Class: Lecture Problem 4 due Thin-Layer Chromatography
Lecture 11 IR Theory Next Class: Lecture Problem 4 due Thin-Layer Chromatography This Week In Lab: Ch 6: Procedures 2 & 3 Procedure 4 (outside of lab) Next Week in Lab: Ch 7: PreLab Due Quiz 4 Ch 5 Final
More information1.1 Is the following molecule aromatic or not aromatic? Give reasons for your answer.
Page 1 QUESTION ONE 1.1 Is the following molecule aromatic or not aromatic? Give reasons for your answer. 1.2 List four criteria which compounds must meet in order to be considered aromatic. Page 2 QUESTION
More informationAdvanced Pharmaceutical Analysis
Lecture 2 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis IR spectroscopy Dr. Baraa Ramzi Infrared Spectroscopy It is a powerful tool for identifying pure organic and inorganic compounds. Every molecular compound has
More informationCARBON DIOXIDE INFLUENCE ON THE THERMAL FORMATION OF COMPLEX ORGANIC MOLECULES IN INTERSTELLAR ICE ANALOGS
2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/809/2/l18 CARBON DIOXIDE INFLUENCE ON THE THERMAL FORMATION OF COMPLEX ORGANIC MOLECULES IN INTERSTELLAR ICE ANALOGS
More informationChapter 12 Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy
Organic Chemistry, 6 th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Chapter 12 Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Jo Blackburn Richland College, Dallas, TX Dallas County Community College District 2006, Prentice
More informationIntroduction. The analysis of the outcome of a reaction requires that we know the full structure of the products as well as the reactants
Introduction The analysis of the outcome of a reaction requires that we know the full structure of the products as well as the reactants Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Unlike mass spectrometry,
More informationFTIR INVESTIGATION OF THE AGEING PROCESS OF CARBON NANOWALLS
Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 68, No. 3, P. 1108 1114, 2016 FTIR INVESTIGATION OF THE AGEING PROCESS OF CARBON NANOWALLS V. MĂRĂSCU 1, 2,*, S. VIZIREANU 2, S. D. STOICA 2, V. BARNA 1, A. LAZEA- STOYANOVA
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy: Identification of Unknown Substances
Infrared Spectroscopy: Identification of Unknown Substances Suppose a white powder is one of the four following molecules. How can they be differentiated? H N N H H H H Na H H H H H A technique that is
More informationTopic 2.11 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES. High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Infra-red Spectroscopy
Topic 2.11 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Infra-red Spectroscopy HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY The technique of mass spectrometry was used in Unit 1 to: a) determine the relative
More informationIR Spectroscopy and physicochemical effects on astrophysical ices produced by energetic ions collisions
IR Spectroscopy and physicochemical effects on astrophysical ices produced by energetic ions collisions Ana Lucia de Barros Physics Department Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca
More informationCM Chemical Spectroscopy and Applications. Final Examination Solution Manual AY2013/2014
NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES CM 3011 - Chemical Spectroscopy and Applications Final Examination Solution Manual
More informationFourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Prelab Last modified: June 17, 2014
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Prelab Recommended reading: AirUCI Lab Manual: Environmental Chemistry Text: FTIR Lab Pages: 6, 7, 13 16 on Light Absorption Pages: 175 177, 184, 185 on Molecular
More informationSimulating chemistry on interstellar dust grains in the laboratory
From Stars to Life, April 3-6 2013, Gainesville FL Simulating chemistry on interstellar dust grains in the laboratory Nicolas Polfer University of Florida Department of Chemistry http://www.cosmotography.com/images/cosmic_nurseries.html
More information" There's life Jim...but we don't KNOW it (yet): a journey through the chemically controlled cosmos from star birth to the formation of life"
" There's life Jim...but we don't KNOW it (yet): a journey through the chemically controlled cosmos from star birth to the formation of life" 30 th May 2007, Stockholm Observatory with support from the
More informationInterstellar Chemistry
4 Interstellar Chemistry Pascale Ehrenfreund Leiden Observatory, Leiden, The Netherlands The space between the stars, called the interstellar medium (ISM), is composed primarily of H and He gases incorporating
More informationLaboratory Simulations of Space Weathering Effects Giovanni Strazzulla INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy
Laboratory Simulations of Space Weathering Effects Giovanni Strazzulla INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Italy gianni@oact.inaf.it http://web.ct.astro.it/weblab/ 1 NNNNNNNN kev-mev ions ELECTRONS
More informationCHE 325 SPECTROSCOPY (A) CHAP 13A ASSIGN CH 2 CH CH 2 CH CHCH 3
CE 325 SPECTRSCPY (A) CAP 13A ASSIGN 1. Which compound would have a UV absorption band at longest wavelength? A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. V C CC 3 CC C 2 C CC 3 I II III C 2 C C 2 C CC 3 IV V 2. Select
More informationSupplementary Figure 1: Change of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tip state. a, STM tip transited from blurred (the top dark zone) to orbital
Supplementary Figure 1: Change of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tip state. a, STM tip transited from blurred (the top dark zone) to orbital resolvable (the bright zone). b, Zoomedin tip-state changing
More informationRadiant energy is proportional to its frequency (cycles/s = Hz) as a wave (Amplitude is its height) Different types are classified by frequency or
CHEM 241 UNIT 5: PART B INFRA-RED RED SPECTROSCOPY 1 Spectroscopy of the Electromagnetic Spectrum Radiant energy is proportional to its frequency (cycles/s = Hz) as a wave (Amplitude is its height) Different
More informationChapter 17: Fundamentals of Spectrophotometry
Chapter 17: Fundamentals of Spectrophotometry Spectroscopy: the science that deals with interactions of matter with electromagnetic radiation or other forms energy acoustic waves, beams of particles such
More informationPlasma based modification of thin films and nanoparticles. Johannes Berndt, GREMI,Orléans
Plasma based modification of thin films and nanoparticles Johannes Berndt, GREMI,Orléans What is a plasma? A plasma is a ionized quasineutral gas! + electron electrons Neon bottle Ne atom Ne ion: Ne +
More informationChapter 3. Infrared Reflectance Spectra of Tholins
3-1 Chapter 3. Infrared Reflectance Spectra of Tholins at Cryogenic Temperatures 3.1. Introduction Infrared spectroscopy is one of the cornerstone techniques for molecular structure determination. Because
More informationSPECTROSCOPY MEASURES THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LIGHT AND MATTER
SPECTROSCOPY MEASURES THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LIGHT AND MATTER c = c: speed of light 3.00 x 10 8 m/s (lamda): wavelength (m) (nu): frequency (Hz) Increasing E (J) Increasing (Hz) E = h h - Planck s constant
More informationQuímica Orgânica I. Ciências Farmacêuticas Bioquímica Química. IR spectroscopy AFB QO I 2007/08 1 AFB QO I 2007/08 2
Química Orgânica I Ciências Farmacêuticas Bioquímica Química AFB QO I 2007/08 1 IR spectroscopy AFB QO I 2007/08 2 1 Adaptado de: Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition; L. G. Wade, Jr. Organic Chemistry, William
More informationFourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry Studies of Chromium Trioxide-Phthalic Acid Complexes
DOI:10.7598/cst2016.1260 Chemical Science Transactions ISSN:2278-3458 2016, 5(3), 770-774 RESEARCH ARTICLE Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry Studies of Chromium Trioxide-Phthalic Acid Complexes
More informationCHEM*3440. Photon Energy Units. Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation. Chemical Instrumentation. Spectroscopic Experimental Concept.
Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic radiation is light. Different energy light interacts with different motions in molecules. CHEM*344 Chemical Instrumentation Topic 7 Spectrometry Radiofrequency
More informationTHE ROLE OF LABORATORY IN ASTROPHYSICS: LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON ICES AND ASTROPHYSICAL APPLICATIONS. 1 Introduction
THE ROLE OF LABORATORY IN ASTROPHYSICS: LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON ICES AND ASTROPHYSICAL APPLICATIONS MIGUEL ÁNGEL SATORRE, MANUEL DOMINGO, OSCAR GOMIS, RAMÓN LUNA Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela
More informationORGANIC - EGE 5E CH UV AND INFRARED MASS SPECTROMETRY
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: IR SPECTROSCOPY- FREQUENCIES There are specific absorption frequencies in the functional group region that we should be familiar with EXAMPLE: What are the major IR absorptions
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectroscopy IR Spectroscopy Used to identify organic compounds IR spectroscopy provides a 100% identification if the spectrum is matched. If not, IR at least provides information about the types
More informationInfrared spectroscopy Basic theory
Infrared spectroscopy Basic theory Dr. Davide Ferri Paul Scherrer Institut 056 310 27 81 davide.ferri@psi.ch Importance of IR spectroscopy in catalysis IR Raman NMR XAFS UV-Vis EPR 0 200 400 600 800 1000
More informationWilliam H. Brown & Christopher S. Foote
Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to:permissions Department, Harcourt Brace & Company, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777 William H. Brown
More informationVibrational Spectroscopies. C-874 University of Delaware
Vibrational Spectroscopies C-874 University of Delaware Vibrational Spectroscopies..everything that living things do can be understood in terms of the jigglings and wigglings of atoms.. R. P. Feymann Vibrational
More informationExemplar for Internal Achievement Standard. Chemistry Level 3
Exemplar for Internal Achievement Standard Chemistry Level 3 This exemplar supports assessment against: Achievement Standard 91388 Demonstrate understanding of spectroscopic data in chemistry. An annotated
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph] 17 Sep 2007
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. 8210Hat c ESO 2008 February 1, 2008 H-atom bombardment of CO 2, HCOOH and CH 3 CHO containing ices S. E. Bisschop, G. W. Fuchs, E. F. van Dishoeck, and H. Linnartz
More informationReflection = EM strikes a boundary between two media differing in η and bounces back
Reflection = EM strikes a boundary between two media differing in η and bounces back Incident ray θ 1 θ 2 Reflected ray Medium 1 (air) η = 1.00 Medium 2 (glass) η = 1.50 Specular reflection = situation
More informationSupplementary Figures
Supplementary Figures Supplementary Fig. 1. The GC traces of the products of methanol hydrocarboxylation. (a) liquid sample (toluene as internal standard), (b) gaseous sample. Condition: 40 μmol Ru 3 (CO)
More informationApplication of IR Raman Spectroscopy
Application of IR Raman Spectroscopy 3 IR regions Structure and Functional Group Absorption IR Reflection IR Photoacoustic IR IR Emission Micro 10-1 Mid-IR Mid-IR absorption Samples Placed in cell (salt)
More informationWelcome to Organic Chemistry II
Welcome to Organic Chemistry II Erika Bryant, Ph.D. erika.bryant@hccs.edu Class Syllabus 3 CHAPTER 12: STRUCTURE DETERMINATION 4 What is this solution Soda Tea Coffee??? 5 What is this solution Soda Tea
More informationC h a p t e r F o u r t e e n: Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy
C h a p t e r F o u r t e e n: Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Cl OH Cl An electron ionization mass spectrum of 2,5-dichlorophenol CHM 323: Summary of Important Concepts
More informationA laboratory study of the OD stretching mode band in H 2 O:HDO ice mixtures.
A laboratory study of the OD stretching mode band in H 2 O:HDO ice mixtures. Preliminary Results R.G. Urso 1,2, C. Scirè 1, G.A. Baratta 1, M.E. Palumbo 1 rurso@oact.inaf.it 1 INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico
More informationOrganic material and gases in the early solar system: the meteorite record
rganic material and gases in the early solar system: the meteorite record Laurent Remusat LMCM, Museum National d Histoire Naturelle de Paris remusat@mnhn.fr Laurent Remusat European Conference on Laboratory
More informationLearning Guide for Chapter 3 - Infrared Spectroscopy
Learning Guide for hapter 3 - Infrared Spectroscopy I. Introduction to spectroscopy - p 1 II. Molecular vibrations - p 3 III. Identifying functional groups - p 6 IV. Interpreting an IR spectrum - p 12
More information8. Spectrum continued
I. The ν(x-h) region alcohols H-bonding in alcohols Figs. 2.30,2.32,2.59,2.61,2.45 w 3400-3200 ν(o-h) amines s neat carboxylic acids increasing dilution 3600 free ν(o-h) w HN(C 4 H 9 ) 2 -NHbroad m-s 3500-3100
More informationPolymer Chemistry Research Experience. Support: NSF Polymer Program NSF (PI: Chang Ryu)/RPI Polymer Center
Polymer Chemistry Research Experience. Support: NSF Polymer Program NSF-1308617 (PI: Chang Ryu)/RPI Polymer Center Student Name: Michael Hyams Student Affiliation (City, State): Mamaroneck, NY Picture
More informationORGANIC - BROWN 8E CH INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: PURPOSE OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Classical Methods (Wet Chemistry): Chemists needed to run dozens of chemical reactions to determine the type of molecules in a compound.
More informationCH 3. mirror plane. CH c d
CAPTER 20 Practice Exercises 20.1 The index of hydrogen deficiency is two. The structural possibilities include two double bonds, a double do 20.3 (a) As this is an alkane, it contains only C and and has
More informationFirst results of the UHV system 'LIFE' (Light Irradiation Facility for Exochemistry)
Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo (INAF-OAPa) First results of the UHV system '' (Light Irradiation Facility for Exochemistry) Antonio Jimenez-Escobar Angela Ciaravella Cesare Cecchi-Pestellini Giuliana
More informationORGANIC - BRUICE 8E CH MASS SPECT AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: PURPOSE OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Classical Methods (Wet Chemistry): Chemists needed to run dozens of chemical reactions to determine the type of molecules in a compound.
More informationMidterm Results. The Milky Way in the Infrared. The Milk Way from Above (artist conception) 3/2/10
Lecture 13 : The Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Recycling Midterm Results A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath The Milky Way in the Infrared View from the Earth: Edge On Infrared light penetrates the clouds and shows
More informationStructure Determination. How to determine what compound that you have? One way to determine compound is to get an elemental analysis
Structure Determination How to determine what compound that you have? ne way to determine compound is to get an elemental analysis -basically burn the compound to determine %C, %H, %, etc. from these percentages
More informationModification of thin films and nanoparticles. Johannes Berndt, GREMI,Orléans
Modification of thin films and nanoparticles Johannes Berndt, GREMI,Orléans Low temperature plasmas not fully ionized Ionization degree 10-6 10-4 far away from thermodynamic equlilibrium T electron >>
More informationFebruary 8, 2018 Chemistry 328N
Lecture 7 UV-Vis spectroscopy February 8, 2018 First Midterm Exam When: Wednesday, 2/14 When: 7-9 PM (please do not be late) Where: WEL 2.122 This room!!! What: Covers material through today s lecture
More informationCHEM 3.2 (AS91388) 3 credits. Demonstrate understanding of spectroscopic data in chemistry
CHEM 3.2 (AS91388) 3 credits Demonstrate understanding of spectroscopic data in chemistry Spectroscopic data is limited to mass, infrared (IR) and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Organic
More informationSynthesis of nano-sized anatase TiO 2 with reactive {001} facets using lamellar protonated titanate as precursor
Supporting Information Synthesis of nano-sized anatase TiO 2 with reactive {001} facets using lamellar protonated titanate as precursor Liuan Gu, Jingyu Wang *, Hao Cheng, Yunchen Du and Xijiang Han* Department
More information12. Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy
12. Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Determining the Structure of an Organic Compound The analysis of the outcome of a reaction requires that we know the full structure
More information3) In CE separation is based on what two properties of the solutes? (3 pts)
Final Exam Chem 311 Fall 2002 December 16 Name 1) (3 pts) In GC separation is based on the following two properties of the solutes a) polarity and size b) vapor pressure and molecular weight c) vapor pressure
More informationANALYZING ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS WITH THE NASA AMES PAH DATABASE
PAHs and the Universe C. Joblin and A.G.G.M. Tielens (eds) EAS Publications Series, 46 (2011) 117-122 www.eas.org ANALYZING ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS WITH THE NASA AMES PAH DATABASE J. Cami 1, 2 Abstract.
More informationChemical Reactions Induced by Ionizing and Electron-beam Irradiation in Freon/Water (Ice) Films
Chemical Reactions Induced by Ionizing and Electron-beam Irradiation in Freon/Water (Ice) Films Johns Hopkins University (founded in 1876) Dr. C.C. Perry Prof. D.H. Fairborther School of Arts & Sciences
More information3 - Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
3 - Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Introduction Atomic-absorption (AA) spectroscopy uses the absorption of light to measure the concentration of gas-phase atoms. Since samples are usually liquids or solids,
More informationScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Analysis The samples were also characterized by scanning electron
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Analysis The samples
More informationAdvanced Spectroscopy Laboratory
Advanced Spectroscopy Laboratory - Raman Spectroscopy - Emission Spectroscopy - Absorption Spectroscopy - Raman Microscopy - Hyperspectral Imaging Spectroscopy FERGIELAB TM Raman Spectroscopy Absorption
More informationLecture 3: Light absorbance
Lecture 3: Light absorbance Perturbation Response 1 Light in Chemistry Light Response 0-3 Absorbance spectrum of benzene 2 Absorption Visible Light in Chemistry S 2 S 1 Fluorescence http://www.microscopyu.com
More informationAbsorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy for the Elaboration of Chemistry in Lignocellulosics
2006 International Conference on Nanotechnology, April 26-28, 2006 Atlanta, GA The Use of C-Near C Edge X-Ray X Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy for the Elaboration of Chemistry in Lignocellulosics
More informationAstrophysical Quantities
Astr 8300 Resources Web page: http://www.astro.gsu.edu/~crenshaw/astr8300.html Electronic papers: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html (ApJ, AJ, MNRAS, A&A, PASP, ARAA, etc.) General astronomy-type
More informationUV / Visible Spectroscopy. Click icon to add picture
UV / Visible Spectroscopy Click icon to add picture Spectroscopy It is the branch of science that deals with the study of interaction of matter with light. OR It is the branch of science that deals with
More informationPhotochemically Induced Formation of Mars-Relevant Oxygenates and Methane from Carbon Dioxide and Water"
Photochemically Induced Formation of Mars-Relevant Oxygenates and Methane from Carbon Dioxide and Water" M. Wecks, M. Bartoszek, G. Jakobs, and D. Möhlmann ESA / ESRIN, Frascati, 25. 27.11.2009 (Photo)Chemistry
More informationThe thermal reactivity of HCN and NH 3 in interstellar ice analogues
MNRAS 428, 3262 3273 (2013) doi:10.1093/mnras/sts272 The thermal reactivity of HCN and NH 3 in interstellar ice analogues J. A. Noble, P. Theule, F. Borget, G. Danger, M. Chomat, F. Duvernay, F. Mispelaer
More informationUltraviolet-Visible and Infrared Spectrophotometry
Ultraviolet-Visible and Infrared Spectrophotometry Ahmad Aqel Ifseisi Assistant Professor of Analytical Chemistry College of Science, Department of Chemistry King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451
More informationQuestions on Instrumental Methods of Analysis
Questions on Instrumental Methods of Analysis 1. Which one of the following techniques can be used for the detection in a liquid chromatograph? a. Ultraviolet absorbance or refractive index measurement.
More informationTypes of Molecular Vibrations
Important concepts in IR spectroscopy Vibrations that result in change of dipole moment give rise to IR absorptions. The oscillating electric field of the radiation couples with the molecular vibration
More informationGlove Box / BRAUN MB 150B-G
Glove Box / BRAUN MB 150B-G Glove box: This box is always filled with N 2 or Ar gas without moisture, which can be perform for the measurement and/or synthetic experiments of air- and/or moisturesensitive
More informationInvestigations on warm dense plasma with PHELIX facility
2 nd EMMI Workshop on Plasma Physics with Intense Laser and Heavy Ion Beams, May 14-15, Moscow Investigations on warm dense plasma with PHELIX facility S.A. Pikuz Jr., I.Yu. Skobelev, A.Ya. Faenov, T.A.
More informationSurface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and oxide coated PET for adhesion improvement
Surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and oxide coated PET for adhesion improvement AIMCAL 2016 Dresden Juliane Fichtner Tobias Beck Frank Simon (IPF, Dresden) page 1 Motivation oxygen
More informationVisible and IR Absorption Spectroscopy. Andrew Rouff and Kyle Chau
Visible and IR Absorption Spectroscopy Andrew Rouff and Kyle Chau The Basics wavelength= (λ) original intensity= Ι o sample slab thickness= dl Final intensity= I f ε = molar extinction coefficient -di=
More informationChapter 4: Amino Acids
Chapter 4: Amino Acids All peptides and polypeptides are polymers of alpha-amino acids. lipid polysaccharide enzyme 1940s 1980s. Lipids membrane 1960s. Polysaccharide Are energy metabolites and many of
More informationFourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a method used to obtain an infrared
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Low Density Polyethylene, High Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene and Polystyrene Eman Mousa Alhajji North Carolina State University Department of Materials Science
More informationAbstract... I. Acknowledgements... III. Table of Content... V. List of Tables... VIII. List of Figures... IX
Abstract... I Acknowledgements... III Table of Content... V List of Tables... VIII List of Figures... IX Chapter One IR-VUV Photoionization Spectroscopy 1.1 Introduction... 1 1.2 Vacuum-Ultraviolet-Ionization
More informationSpectroscopy of complex organic molecules on Titan A. JOLLY
Spectroscopy of complex organic molecules on Titan A. JOLLY Outline of the talk New molecules on Titan? Expected molecules from laboratory experiment Results from the Huygens lander Infrared observation
More informationClassification of spectroscopic methods
Introduction Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between the electromagnetic radiation and the matter. Spectrophotometry is the measurement of these interactions i.e. the measurement of the intensity
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Facile synthesis of halogenated carbon quantum dots as an important intermediate for surface modification Jin Zhou, Pei Lin, Juanjuan Ma, Xiaoyue Shan, Hui Feng, Congcong
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.chem-ph] 29 Jul 2010
Dissociative Electron Attachment to Polyatomic Molecules - V : Formic Acid and n-propyl Amine N. Bhargava Ram 1, and E. Krishnakumar 1, 1 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India Abstract
More informationIntroduction to Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiative Transfer
Introduction to Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiative Transfer Temperature Dice Results Visible light, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), X-rays, γ-rays, microwaves, and radio are all forms of electromagnetic
More informationAn Investigation of Precursors of Combustion Generated Soot Particles in Premixed Ethylene Flames Based on Laser-Induced Fluorescence
7 th Annual CE-CERT-SJTU Student Symposium An Investigation of Precursors of Combustion Generated Soot Particles in Premixed Ethylene Flames Based on Laser-Induced Fluorescence Chen Gu Problems of Fossil
More informationWavelength λ Velocity v. Electric Field Strength Amplitude A. Time t or Distance x time for 1 λ to pass fixed point. # of λ passing per s ν= 1 p
Introduction to Spectroscopy (Chapter 6) Electromagnetic radiation (wave) description: Wavelength λ Velocity v Electric Field Strength 0 Amplitude A Time t or Distance x Period p Frequency ν time for 1
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy. Provides information about the vibraions of functional groups in a molecule
Infrared Spectroscopy Provides information about the vibraions of functional groups in a molecule Therefore, the functional groups present in a molecule can be deduced from an IR spectrum Two important
More informationHow to Interpret an Infrared (IR) Spectrum
How to Interpret an Infrared (IR) Spectrum Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy allows the identification of particular bonds present within molecules. In this class we have simplified IR analysis by only focusing
More informationWhat is spectroscopy?
Absorption Spectrum What is spectroscopy? Studying the properties of matter through its interaction with different frequency components of the electromagnetic spectrum. With light, you aren t looking directly
More informationR O Y G B V. Spin States. Outer Shell Electrons. Molecular Rotations. Inner Shell Electrons. Molecular Vibrations. Nuclear Transitions
Spin States Molecular Rotations Molecular Vibrations Outer Shell Electrons Inner Shell Electrons Nuclear Transitions NMR EPR Microwave Absorption Spectroscopy Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy UV-vis Absorption,
More informationORGANIC LABORATORY ANALYSIS REPORT. JOB NUMBER C0BEE907 PO NUMBER Credit Card. for
ISO 17025 ORGANIC LABORATORY ANALYSIS REPORT Testing Cert. #2797.01 JOB NUMBER C0BEE907 PO NUMBER Credit Card for Prepared by: David Saperstein, PhD Scientist, FTIR, GCMS and Raman Services (Tel. 408-530-3750;
More informationChemistry 213 Practical Spectroscopy
Chemistry 213 Practical Spectroscopy Dave Berg djberg@uvic.ca Elliott 314 A course in determining structure by spectroscopic methods Different types of spectroscopy afford different information about molecules
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy An Instrumental Method for Detecting Functional Groups
Infrared Spectroscopy An Instrumental Method for Detecting Functional Groups 1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum Infrared Spectroscopy I. Physics Review Frequency, υ (nu), is the number of wave cycles that
More informationFrom co-crystals to functional thin films: photolithography using the [2+2] photodimerization
From co-crystals to functional thin films: photolithography using the [2+2] photodimerization Suman Ghorai, a,b Joseph C. Sumrak, a,b Kristin M. Hutchins, a Dejan-Krešimir Bučar, a Alexei V. Tivanski,
More informationCosmic Evolution, Part II. Heavy Elements to Molecules
Cosmic Evolution, Part II Heavy Elements to Molecules Heavy elements molecules First a review of terminology: Electromagnetic Electrons Element Atom Nucleus Compound Molecule Electromagnetic Strong Nuclear
More informationSpectroscopy. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy
Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy Learning objectives Learning outcomes After completing this course, the student will be able to: Recognize the concept and principle of FT-IR Spectroscopy
More informationORGANIC - CLUTCH CH ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES: IR, NMR, MASS SPECT
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: PURPOSE OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Classical Methods (Wet Chemistry): Chemists needed to run dozens of chemical reactions to determine the type of molecules in a compound.
More information