X Unit 15 HW Solutions Acids & Bases. Name:
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1 X Unit 15 HW Solutions Acids & Bases Name:
2 Homework #1: Solubility Curve Worksheet Use the solubility chart below to answer the following questions: Graph from U. Va Department of Physics. 1) What is the solubility of potassium nitrate at 30 C? 2) How many grams of ammonia will dissolve in 200 grams of water at 45 C? 3) At what temperature is the solubility of sodium chloride the same as the solubility of potassium chloride? 4) How many grams of ammonium chloride would I need to make 300 grams of a saturated solution at 70 C? 5) What do all of the compounds that decreased in solubility over the temperature range in the graph have in common? 6) What compound is least soluble at 40 C? 7) If 50 grams of NH3 are dissolved in 100 grams of water at 20 C, is the solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? 8) If 170 grams of KNO3 are dissolved in 200 grams of water at 50 C, is the solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated?
3 Percent by Mass Homework #2 Percent by Mass & Percent by Volume 1. What is the percent by mass of 5.0 g of NaCl mixed with 80. g of water? 2. What is the percent by mass of 25.0 g of sodium acetate mixed with 40. g of water? 3. What mass of NaOH is found in 40. g of a 10% by mass solution? How many moles of NaOH is this? 4. What mass of lithium chloride is found in 85 g of a 25% by mass solution? Percent by Volume 5. What is the percent by volume if 22 ml of KCl is added to 75 ml of water to make a solution? 6. How many ml of NaCl are found in 60. ml of a 4.0% by volume solution? 7. What volume of liquid isopropyl alcohol is needed to prepare 500. ml of a 70.% (by volume) solution with water? What volume of water is needed?
4 Homework #3: Molarity Practice Problems 1) How many moles of K2CO3 are needed to make 200 ml of a 2.5 M solution? 2) How many liters of 4 M solution can be made using 100 grams of LiBr? 3) What is the concentration (molarity) of a 450 ml solution that contains 200 grams of FeCl2? 4) How many grams of (NH4)2SO4 are needed to make a 0.25 M solution with a volume of 6 liters? 5) What is the molarity of a solution that has a volume of 2.5 L and contains moles of Ca3(PO4)2? 6) How many grams of CuF2 are needed to make 6.7 liters of a 1.2 M solution?
5 Homework #4: Dilutions Worksheet M1V1 = M2V2d 1) If I add 25 ml of water to 125 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 2) If I add water to 100 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution until the final volume is 150 ml, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 3) How much 0.05 M HCl solution can be made by diluting 250 ml of 10 M HCl? 4) I have 345 ml of a 1.5 M NaCl solution. If I boil the water until the volume of the solution is 250 ml, what will the molarity of the solution be? 5) How much water would I need to add to 500 ml of a 2.4 M KCl solution to make a 1.0 M solution?
6 Homework #5: Identifying Acids & Bases Arrhenius Model of Acids & Bases: Identify the following compounds as an acid, base, or neither according to the Arrhenius model of acids and bases. Explain your choice in the third column. Compound Acid, Base, Both or Neither Why? HCl Ba(OH)2 NH3 Bronsted-Lowry Model of Acids & Bases: Identify the following compounds as an acid, base, both, or neither according to the Bronsted-Lowry model of acids and bases. Explain your choice in the third column. Compound Acid, Base, Both, or Neither Why? HNO3 H2O HPO4 2- NH3 Acid, Base, Both, or Neither? Using both definitions of acids and bases, decide acid, base, both, or neither for each of the compounds below: Compound Acid, Base, Both, or Neither Why? CH3COOH H2PO4-1 NH4 +1 HClO4 SO4 2-
7 Homework #6: Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Part A: For the following reactions, label each reactant as an acid or base according to the Bronsted-Lowry definitions. Next, label each product as a conjugate acid or a conjugate base. 1. NH 3(aq) + HC 2H 3O 2(aq) NH 4+ (aq) + C 2H 3O 2 - (aq) 2. H 2O(l) + HC 2H 3O 2(aq) H 3O + (aq) + C 2H 3O 2- (aq) 3. NH 3(aq) + H 2O(l) NH 4+ (aq) + OH - (aq) 4. HC 2H 3O 2(aq) + H 2PO 4- (aq) C 2H 3O 2- (aq) + H 3PO 4(aq) Part B: For the following reactions, first label the reactants as an acid or base. Then, complete the reaction by donating a proton from the acid to the base. Then, label the products as in Part A. 5. HCl (aq) + NH 3 (l) 6. HF (aq) + H 2O (l) 7. HS - (aq) + OH - (aq) Part C. Write the formulas as indicated below. Conjugate Acids: Write the formula for the conjugate acid of: (a) F - (b) NH3 (c) H2O Conjugate Bases: Write the formula for the conjugate base of: (a) HClO3 (b) H2SO3 (c) H2O
8 Homework #7: ph Calculations Utilize the ph box and the ph equations we talked about in class to perform the following calculations. 1. Find [H3O + ] for a solution with an [OH - ] of M. 2. What is the ph of a solution that has an [H + ] of 6.6 x 10-4 M? 3. What is the poh of a solution that has a ph of 4.50? Is this solution acidic or basic? 4. A solution of HNO3 has a ph of 4.5. Calculate the [H3O + ], [OH - ] and poh. ph = poh = [H + ] = [OH - ] = Is this solution acidic or basic? 5. What is the [H3O + ], [OH - ] and poh in a solution that has a ph of 10.0? ph = poh = [H + ] = [OH - ] = Is this solution acidic or basic?
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