3 rd Quarter Study Guide Name

Transcription

1 3 rd Quarter Study Guide Name Life Science - You are responsible to know: 1. Identify various parts of the cell & their functions. 2. Distinguish between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells 3. State differences between plant and animal cells 4. State the difference between haploid and diploid cells 5. State the phases of the cell cycle in order (mitosis) 6. Compare mitosis and meiosis; similarities & differences 7. Give the number of sex chromosomes in humans & state the difference between males & females. 8. Identify a heterozygous or homozygous genotype 9. Compare DNA with RNA 10. Identify the complimentary side of a DNA molecule when given one side. 11. Explain how blood typing works and which blood types can donate to who. 12. Scientists we have covered in class (from looking at cells to the discovery of DNA to adaptations) 13. Explain and give examples of various adaptations. 14. Give examples of different Species Interactions. Questions: Identify each phase of the cell cycle:

2 1. State the structures that exist in plant cells but NOT in animal cells. 2. Sexual reproductive cells are also known as. 3. State, in order, the cell cycle among eukaryotic cells. (mitosis) 4. What type of cell division do cells go through to produce cells with a haploid number of chromosomes? 5. If an egg cell has 38 chromosomes, then the body cells of the same organism will have how many chromosomes? 6. Name the scientists credited for discovering the structure of DNA. 7. State the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA. 8. Given the following sequence of a DNA molecule: ATTGGCGAT, state the complimentary strand. 9. Who is known as the Father of Genetics & what type of plants did he work with? 10. Identify the phenotype in each set of alleles Height Hair Color Dimples Widow s Peak T = Tall B = Brown D = Present W = Present s = Short r = Red d = Not present w = Not present TT = BB = Br = dd = WW = Ts = rr = Dd = Ww = ww =

3 11. Two heterozygous white (brown fur is recessive) rabbits are crossed. Include percentages! 12. What did Hershey & Chase contribute to the field of genetics? 13. Why is a person with type O blood called a universal donor? 14. Why is a person with type AB blood called a universal recipiant? 15. In the 1950 s, a young woman sued film star/director Charlie Chaplin for parental support of her child. Charlie Chaplin s blood type was already on record as type AB. The mother of the child had type A and her son had type O blood. Complete a Punnett square for the possible cross of Charlie and the mother. 16. The judge ruled in favor of the mother and ordered Charlie Chaplin to pay child support costs of the child. Was the judge correct in his decision based on blood typing evidence? Explain why or why not. 17. Who is Charles Darwin and what did he contribute to the theory of evolution? Chemistry You are responsible to know: 1. Identify different kinds of matter based on states, density, boiling point, melting point, solubility 2. Identify different kinds of matter based on reactivity, ph, oxidation 3. Identify the following types of evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred: formation of a precipitate generation of gas color change absorption or release of heat 4. Classify matter in terms of elements, compounds, or mixtures. 5. Classify mixtures as being homogeneous or heterogeneous. 6. Explain the systematic organization of the periodic table. 7. Understand physical and chemical properties of matter. 8. Investigate how the transfer of energy can affect the physical and chemical properties of matter.

4 Atoms 1. What is the atomic theory? 2. Who was Rutherford and what did he demonstrate (HINT: what is the gold foil experiment?) 3. Who was Dalton and what did he contribute to Chemistry? 4. How did the atomic theory change over time? 5. What is matter? 6. What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? 7. Draw and label the smallest unit of matter. Periodic Table Practice 8. In the periodic table, what are the rows called? 9. In the periodic table, what are the columns called? 10. How do we determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom? 11. How many electrons belong in each energy level? 12. List the number of valence electrons for each of the following atoms: H- He- Be- Si- B- I- C- Mg- 13. Define and give an example of each of the following: element, compound, homogeneous mixture, and heterogeneous mixture.

5 Atomic Bonding- Ionic and covalent bonding 14. How can you tell if a compound will have an ionic or covalent bond? 15. What is happening in an ionic bond? 16. What is happening in a covalent bond? States of Matter 17. What are the states of matter and phase changes. Give an example of each. 18. What is a colloid? Solution? Suspension? 19. What is the difference between a solute and a solvent? Chemical Reactions 20. What is a chemical change? Physical change? Give 2 examples of each 21. What are some signs that a chemical change occurred? (think back to the reaction in a baggie lab) Acids and Bases 22. Define an acid. Define a base. 23. What does the ph scale measure? What is considered an acid? A base? 24. List as many ways that we used in class to classify whether something was an acid or a base. Density 25. What is the equation in order to find density? 26. What would cause an object to float on water? Sink to the bottom? Substance Density Gasoline 0.70 g/cm 3 milk 1.03 g/cm 3 Magnesium 1.7 g/cm Looking at the chart above, list the following objects from most dense to least dense.

6 28. Looking at the chart above, would gasoline or milk be on the bottom or the top of the jar if mixed together? Physics You are responsible to know: 1. Demonstrate velocity as the rate of change of position over time. 2. Identify the conditions under which an object will continue in its state of 3. motion (Newton s 1st Law of Motion). 4. Describe how the acceleration of a body is dependent on its mass and 5. the net applied force (Newton s 2nd Law of Motion). 6. Describe forces as interactions between bodies (Newton s 3rd Law of Motion). 7. Understand the relationship between force and motion. 8. Create a graph devised from measurements of moving objects and their interactions, including: position-time graphs velocity-time graphs 1. The graph shows how the position of an object changes over time. What is the velocity of the object during the time interval from 4 seconds to 10 seconds if heading north? 2. Which of the following is NOT stated in Newton s 3 Laws of Motion? a. Force and Inertia b. Force, Masss and acceleration c. Momentum d. Action and Reaction

7 SCIENTIFIC METHOD: Know the following terms and definitions: 1. Observation 2. Inference 3. Experiment 4. Hypothesis 5. Control 6. Analyze 7. Independent (Manipulated) Variable 8. Dependent (Responding) Variable 9. Data 10. Scientific Method 11. Research 12. Problem 13. Conclusion 14. Compare and Contrast 15. Constants 16. Qualitative/Quantitative 17. What are the steps to the Scientific Method? 18. What is the difference between an observation and an inference? 19. What is the difference between an Independent (Manipulated) and Dependent (Responding) Variable? 20. What is the difference between a qualitative and quantitative observation?