CHEMpossible. 101 Exam 2 Review

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1 CHEMpossible 1. Circle each statement that applies to thermal energy and heat: a. Thermal energy is the average kinetic energy of its molecules due to their motion b. High thermal energy is reflected in a high temperature of the substance c. Thermal energy is transferred in the form of heat from areas of low kinetic energy to high kinetic energy d. Molecular collisions are how thermal energy is transferred 2. Which of the following contains the most moles of solute? a. 200 ml of M NaCl b. 500 ml of M Na 2 SO 4 c. 150 ml of M KBr d. 750 ml of M MgCl 2 3. Consider two solutions: 0.10 M solution of LiBr and a 0.10 M solution of KCN. Which of the following statements does NOT describe both of these solutions? a. Both solutions are homogeneous. b. Ion-dipole attractions played an important role in forming these solutions. c. Both solutions contain the same number of moles of solute. d. Both solutions will conduct electricity. 4. Which of the following are nonelectrolytes? a. NaF b. HNO 3 c. CH 3 COOH (Acetic acid) d. C 2 H 6 O (ethanol) e. NaOH f. C 6H 12O 6 (glucose)

2 5. Answer the following for the reaction: H 2 SO 4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) ( ) + ( ) a. How many milliliters of a M NaOH solution are needed to reaction with 18.0 ml of a M H 2 SO 4 solution? b. How many grams of salt are produced from the reaction of 35.0 ml of a 1.75 M NaOH solution and excess H 2 SO 4? c. What is the molarity of 30.0 ml of a H 2 SO 4 solution that reacts completely with 10.0 ml of a M NaOH solution? 6. The combustion of a g of a hydrocarbon releases kj of energy. The masses of the products are carbon dioxide (1.419 g) and liquid water (0.290 g). What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?

3 7. Acid-base and precipitation reactions all involve ionic species and we can therefore measure their progress by measuring the conductance of the solution. Match the following reactions with the diagrams shown here. The electrical conductance is given in arbitrary units and x-axis L refers to amount of solution added. Diagrams can be used for more than one reaction listed. a. A 1.0 M NaOH solution is added to 1.0 L of 1.0 M CH 3 COOH. b. A 1.0 M KOH solution is added to 1.0 L of 1.0 M HBr. c. A 1.0 M CaCl 2 solution is added to 1.0 L of 1.0 M Na 2 SO 4. d. A 1.0 M LiCl solution is added to 1.0 L of 1.0 M AgNO 3. e. A 1.0 M CH 3 COOH solution is added to 1.0 L of 1.0 M NH The thermite reaction involves aluminum and iron (III) oxide. 2Al(s) + Fe 2 O 3 (s) Al 2 O 3 (s) + 2Fe(l) H rxn = kj/mol Calculate the heat released in kj per: i. Gram of Al reacted with Fe 2 O 3 ii. Atom of Al reacted with Fe 2 O 3

4 9. Which of the following aqueous solutions describes the diagram below? a. NaCl b. SO 2 c. BaCl 2 d. K 2 S 10. In a 0.53 M aqueous solution of LiCl (choose all that apply), a. The oxygen of the water molecules is attracted to Li + b. LiCl is the solute c. LiCl does not dissolve in water d. There are 0.27 moles each of Li + and Cl The arsenic in a 1.22-g sample of a pesticide was converted to AsO 4 3- by suitable chemical treatment. It was then titrated using Ag + to form Ag 3 AsO 4 as a precipitate. a. What is the oxidation state of As in AsO 4 3-? b. Name Ag 3 AsO 4 by analogy to the corresponding compound containing phosphorus in place of arsenic. c. If it took 25.0 ml of M Ag + to reach the equivalence point in this titration, what is the mass percentage of arsenic in the pesticide?

5 12. One of the reactions that occurs in a blast furnace, where iron ore is converted to cast iron, is Fe 2 O 3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO 2 Suppose that kg of Fe are obtained from a kg sample of Fe 2 O 3. Assuming that the reaction goes to completion, what is the percent purity of Fe 2 O 3 in the original sample? 13. A 1.00-g sample of a metal Z (known to react following the equation below) was added to L of M H 2 SO 4. After the metal had completely reacted, L of M sodium hydroxide was needed to neutralize the remaining acid. Calculate the molar mass of the metal and identify the element. Z + H 2 SO 4 (aq) ZSO 4 + H 2

6 14. Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane (CH 4 ). Which element is oxidized? Which element is reduced? Oxidized Reduced 15. You are performing a chemical reaction in the lab. The internal energy of the system does not change at all, but the reaction forms gases and the volume increases. a. The reaction is: i. Endothermic ii. Exothermic b. Justify your choice.

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