CERN Medical Applications. Giovanni Porcellana. Medical Applications Officer. Knowledge Transfer Accelerating Innovation

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1 CERN Medical Applications Giovanni Porcellana Medical Applications Officer

2 CERN

3 The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) CMS ALICE ATLAS LHCb

4 The LHC

5 KT

6 CERN s Mission Research Technology Innovation Education Collaboration

7 The three pillars

8 KT

9 Hadron Therapy X-rays Protons Courtesy of MedAustron

10 CERN ( ) Proton Ion Medical Machine Study linacs for carbon ions and protons 400 MeV/u synchrotron RF cavity Resonance sextupole p p p C C Sextupole vert. chromaticity Sextupole horiz. chromaticity Betatron core Circumference C = m Tune horizontal Q x = 1.67 Tune vertical Q z = 1.72 Sextupole horiz. chromaticity Injection septum Sextupole vert. chromaticity Extraction septum Electrostatic septum CERN - TERA - MedAustron

11 CNAO, Pavia (Italy)

12 MedAustron, Vienna (Austria)

13 Make them smaller RFQ Compact linacs

14 Radio Frequency Quadrupole (The Miniature Linac) A new highfrequency RFQ 750 MHz Compact Lightweight Low beam losses 2.5 MeV/m (vs <1 MeV/m)

15 The Miniature Linear Accelerator First application: proton therapy linacs (commercialised through CERN s spinoff A.D.A.M. S.A.) Potential applications: on-site radioisotope production alpha-particle radiotherapy analysis of archeological materials radiobiology 13 cm diameter

16 CLIC (Compact Linear Collider) Study for a multi-tev electron-positron collider Significant effort to develop 100 MV/m gradient accelerating structures. Existing linacs have gradients typically below 30 MV/m (SwissFEL, EuropeanFEL).

17 From CLIC to medical accelerators There are a number of initiatives to develop linacbased proton and ion treatment facilities. Already some years ago the CLIC high-gradient team was approached by Ugo Amaldi to jointly study applying the know-how for high-gradient accelerators to medical linacs TULIP an example of a highgradient linac based single room proton treatment facility.

18 What s the problem challenge? Our electron linac technology is for particles moving near the speed of light. Protons and ions in a medical linac need to be accelerated when they are still moving slowly, in the range of half the speed of light. For relativistic electrons/positrons, β=1: 100 MV/m For β=0.38: 50 MV/m Hard to extend this to lower β, higher is easy.

19 The TULIP Example By applying CLIC high-gradient technology we can raise the accelerating gradient from the <20 MV/m in LIGHT (TERA- ADAM) to 50 MV/m, for example making linac-based single room facilities possible.

20 Inspiring further developments

21 MEDeGun Electron Beam Ion Sources for hadron therapy EBIS based 12 C 6+ injector for cancer therapy Suited for 2 nd generation hadron therapy * MEDeGUN CABOTO Carbon Booster for Therapy in Oncology HF-linac requirements: Hz < 5 µs pulses 10 8 C 6+ ions per pulse * A. Shornikov and F. Wenander, Benedetti 2016 Updates on TULIP and CABOTO projects (talk)

22 Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM)

23 GEMPix 4 Timepix chips Triple GEM IP Status: Industrial Secret and patent Partners: EU funded framework within a collaboration between CERN and INFN

24 GEMPix for medical applications 3D measurements of energy released in water phantom in Hadron Therapy treatment facility (CNAO, Pavia) Gamma ray monitor for Radiotherapy dose measurement (Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome) Proton tomography prototypes (Nikhef, The Netherlands) Hadron Therapy Radiotherapy: GEMPIX vs radiochromic film Hadron Therapy 3D reconstruction

25 Credits: Florian M. Brunbauer GEM with Optical Readout Gas Electron Multiplier coupled with a CCD camera to record the light emitted during the electron avalanche, using the detector as a scintillating plate 6MP CCD camera 25mm lens 10x10cm 2 triple-gem in transparent gas volume

26 Design

27 X-ray fluoroscopy and tomography

28 Beam test results

29 EyeLens From Timepix detector to electronic eye lens dosimeter for medical staff

30 FLUKA Copyright holders: CERN & INFN FLUKA-based physics databases are at the core of the commercial Treatment Planning Systems clinically used at HIT and CNAO, as well as of the TPS for carbon ions for MedAustron On-going work: studies of radioactive beams (C 11, O 15 ) for therapy TPS for Helium beams

31 ENLIGHT Open (and free) collaboration network in the Hadron Therapy field - Annual Meetings - Trainings - Sharing best practices - Networking

32 Next ENLIGHT Meeting June 25-27, 2018 London, UK Registrations open at:

33 New CERN Strategy for MA Strategy and Framework Applicable to Knowledge Transfer by CERN for the Benefit of Medical Applications

34 kt.cern

35 Contacts General enquiries: KT Group Leader: Medical Applications: Aerospace Applications: