X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) TEMA - UA

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1 X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) TEMA - UA Some examples of already performed works 2-D materials Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) Characterization of MoS 2 samples grown by CVD techniques. The figure shows the Mo 3d and S 2p XPS peaks Graphene C 1s XPS spectrum of multilayer graphene grown on a copper foil by CVD techniques.

2 Thin films This example shows a systematic study of the effects of bath additives and deposition conditions on the rates of electro-deposition of bismuth. The figure shows the Bi 4f core level of electrodeposited bismuth in presence/absence of additives. A.R. Rajamani, S. Jothi, M.D. Kumar, S. Srikaanth, M.K. Singh, G. Otero-Irurueta, D. Ramasamy, M. Datta, M. Rangarajan Effects of Additives on Kinetics, Morphologies and Lead-Sensing Property of Electrodeposited Bismuth Films J. Phys. Chem. C. 120 (2016) Biomaterials: Graphene oxide - collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering applications The figure shows the C 1s and N 1s spectra of GO and collagen samples (bottom) and the composite of both (top) A.F. Girão, G. Gonçalves, K.S. Bhangra, J.B. Phillips, J. Knowles, G. Otero-Irurueta, M.K. Singh, I. Bdkin, A. Completo, P.A.A.P. Marques Electrostatic self-assembled graphene oxide-collagen scaffolds towards a three-dimensional microenvironment for biomimetic applications RSC Adv. 6 (2016)

3 Medical implants: The figure shows the photography of a tooth implant inside the UHV chamber (left) and the corresponding Zr 2p core level XPS spectrum (right). This is an example of measurement of a ceramic, insulating sample, using an e - gun for charge compensation. This work was presented at the 25th annual scientific meeting of the European Association for Osseointegration (EAO), Paris, France, Organic - inorganic hybrids Functionalization of nano-graphene oxide with a polymer hybrid from trimethylaluminum and ethylene glycol by molecular layer deposition Aneeta Jaggernauth, Ricardo M., Manoj K. Singh, Filipe J. Oliveira, Rui F. Silva, and Mercedes Vila. Nano-Graphene Oxide Functionalization with Organic and Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Polymers by Molecular Layer Deposition. J. Phy Ch m C The figure shows the C 1s and Al 2p core level spectra measured by XPS

4 Catalyst Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications. As example, the works shown bellow study the photocatalytic activity of modified nano-anatase monitoring the abatement of NO x induced by a white LED lamp. Carbon-modified anatase (KRONOClean 7000 ) The figure shows the Ti 2p, O 1s and C 1s core levels obtained by High resolution XPS before and after ion etching. The work was published in: Tobaldi, D. M., Seabra, M. P., Otero-Irurueta, G., de Miguel, Y. R., Ball, R. J., Singh, M. K., Pullar, R. C. and Labrincha, J. A. Quantitative XRD characterisation and gas-phase photocatalytic activity testing for visible-light (indoor applications) of KRONOClean 7000 RSC Adv. 5 (2015)

5 Nitrogen - modified nano - titania. The figure shows the O 1s, Ti 2p and N 1s core levels obtained by XPS. D.M. Tobaldi, R.C. Pullar, A.F. Gualtieri, G. Otero-Irurueta, M.K. Singh, M.P. Seabra, J.A. Labrincha Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: true phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NOx abatement. J. Solid State Chem. 231 (2015) Inorganic oxides Ce x Zr (1-x) O 2 (powder) Several samples of Ce x Zr (1-x) O 2 were measured for x=0 to X=1 The figure shows the fitting of the Ce 3d core level of a CeO 2 sample. Ce 3+ is related with oxygen vacancies

6 Materials for Hydrogen storage Mg x Nb y O x+y nanoparticles and their impact on hydrogen storage in MgH 2 Several samples of Mg x Nb y O x+y, obtained by different protocol of growth, were characterized by XPS The figure shows the Mg 1s, Nb 3d and O 1s core levels obtained by XPS D. Pukazhselvan, G. Otero-Irurueta, J. Pérez, B. Singh, I. Bdikin, M.K. Singh, D.P. Fagg. Crystal structure, phase stoichiometry and chemical environment of MgxNbyOx+y nanoparticles and their impact on hydrogen storage in MgH 2. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 41 (2016)

7 In situ treatment of the samples Reduction of Graphene Oxide In situ thermal induced reduction of graphene oxide under UHV conditions. The figure shows the evolution of the C 1s core level as a function of the temperature. XPS depth profile XPS study of under-layered materials by removing the external layers by Ar + sputtering. The figure is an example of XPS depth profile, showing the change in the concentration of the elements with the depth.

8 UPS Multi-layer graphene on metals CVD graphene is one of the most promising materials for applications in nanoelectronics due to its interesting electronic properties. The figure shows the full Valence Band measured with He I.

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