International Standardization for Measurement and Characterization of Nanomaterials

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Egbert McDonald
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Japan 9 th Conference on Standards and Conformance in the Field

1 2012/SOM2/SCSC/CON/008 International Standardization for Measurement and Characterization of Nanomaterials Submitted by: Japan 9 th Conference on Standards and Conformance in the Field of Innovations and Related Good Practices Kazan, Russia May 2012

2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION FOR MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOMATERIALS APEC/SCSC CONFERENCE MAY 22, AKIRA ONO National Mirror Committee to ISO/TC229 Nanotechnologies, Japanese Industrial Standards Committee National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1 PURPOSES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY STANDARDIZATION 1. Promotion of nanotechnologies commercialization and global trade 2. Promotion of nanotechnologies acceptance to society 2 1

3 Nanofibres and Nanoparticles in TEM Images Single wall cabon nanotubes Nanoparticles of calcium carbonate 10 ~ 15 nm 30 ~ 80 nm in diameter Nanoparticles of titanium dioxide 3 Measurement Technologies of Nano-Particles in Air Measurement Technologies Monitoring in production processes Exposure test Performance test of masking and filtering Standardization of measurement methods is important. 4 2

MEASUREMENT STANDARDS FOR NANOPARTICLES (AIST) Standards for calibration of sizemeasurement instruments Accurate size measurement of monodisperse particles Reference materials available between 30 nm

in 2012 Particles in air Standard instrument developed that can measure the particle numberconcentration accurately for 10-200 nm size-particles Standard particle generator developed that can

4 MEASUREMENT STANDARDS FOR NANOPARTICLES (AIST) Standards for calibration of sizemeasurement instruments Accurate size measurement of monodisperse particles Reference materials available between 30 nm and 1000 nm Standards for calibration of instruments for particle number-concentration Particles in liquid Reference liquids of known particle number-concentration 10 ~20 m in 2006, and 600 nm~10 m in 2012 Particles in air Standard instrument developed that can measure the particle numberconcentration accurately for nm size-particles Standard particle generator developed that can generate particles of known concentration in the size range of 500 nm - 5 m Reference materials for validation of nanoparticle characterisation methods TiO 2 nanoparticles with accurately determined specific surface area 5 Measurement of Size and Number with Nano-particles and -fibres Labelling and Regulation manufactured nano-objects and products containing manufactured nano-objects Question whether it is nano or not? What is nano? How to measure nano? to be standardized 6 3

5 nanoscale size range from approximately 1 nm to 100 nm [ISO TS 27687:2008] What is nano? nano-object material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale Nanoparticle: Nanofibre: Nanoplate: three dimensions two dimensions one dimension nanomaterial material characterized by geometric or structural features in the nanoscale 7 How to measure nano? The size of objects is a critical parameter for labeling and regulation of nanomaterials to determine whether it is nano or not. Diameter for nanoparticles Diameter for nanofibres Specific surface area for both to be measured with standardized methods Size (nm): Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Specific surface area (m2/ kg) : Gas adsorption (BET) 8 4

6 ISO/TC229 Nanotechnologies Participating members: 32 Observing members: 8 Participating members Argentina Japan Australia Kenya Austria Korea, Republic of Belgium Malaysia Brazil Netherlands Canada Norway China Poland Czech Republic Russian Federation Denmark Singapore Finland South Africa France Spain Germany Sweden India Switzerland Iran, Thailand Israel USA Italy Observing members Egypt Estonia Hong Kong, China Ireland Mexico Morocco Slovakia Venezuela 9 JWG 1 Terminology and Nomenclature Leadership: Canada (SCC) ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies Secretariat: United Kingdom (BSI) Chair: Dr. Simon Holland (United Kingdom) WG 4 Materials Specifications Leadership: China (SAC) JWG 2 Measurement and Characterization Leadership: Japan (JISC) WG 3 Health, Safety and the Environment Leadership: United States (ANSI) 10 5

7 Roadmap and future activities Priority Areas in Measurement and Characterization A Standards for measurement and characterisation of carbon nanotubes and related structures (Nanocarbons) B Standards for measurement and characterisation of engineered nanoparticles C Standards for measurement and characterisation of coatings D Standards for measurement and characterisation of nanostructured materials (Composites and Porous structures) E Standards for basic metrology at the nanoscale F Guidance for characterization, specification and production of reference materials 11 JWG2 activities -Achievement Eight Technical Specifications has been published. PG2 (TS 10798): SWCNT-SEM/EDXA PG3 (TS 10868): SWCNT-UV-Vis-NIR PG4 (TS 10867): SWCNT-NIR-PL PG6 (TS 11251): SWCNT-EGA-GCMS PG7 (TS 11308): SWCNT-TGA PG9 (TS 11888): Shape factor of MWCNT PG12 (TS 13278): Metal impurities in CNTs -ICP-MS PG5 (TR 10929): MWCNT-Characterization One documents is in printing process. PG1 (TS 10797): SWCNT-TEM All projects belong to Area A (Nanocarbon materials) 12 6

8 Road ISO/TC229-IEC/TC113 Map of Measurement JWG2 Roadmap and Characterization Nanocarbon Materials Purity Geometrical property MorphologyPG1-9, Dispersability 12 Tube type Electrical, Magnetic, Mechanical, Optical properties Engineered nanoparticles Nanocoatings PG10, 14 Purity Composition, Geometrical property, Sampling method. Composites and Porous structures Elemental structure, Chemical functionality, Electrical, Magnetic, Mechanical, Optical properties Geometrical property, Composition, Density Electrical, Magnetic, Mechanical, Optical properties Geometrical property, Composition Electrical, Magnetic, Mechanical, Optical properties Basic Metrology PG11 Length, Depth, Force, Traceability, Definition of Measureand, Uncertainty Interoperability Reference Materials PG13 General Guidance Specific Nano Materials 13 JWG2 activities Active PGs Four TSs are under development. PG10 (TS 12025): DIN Lead Nanomaterials Quantification of nano-object release from powders by generation of aerosols PG11 (IEC 62622): DIN Lead Nanotechnologies Description, measurement and dimensional quality parameters of artificial gratings PG13 (TS 16195): JISC Lead Nanotechnologies -- Guidance for developing test materials consisting of nano-objects in dry powder form PG14 (TS 17466): SAC Lead Use of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy in the characterization of cadmium chalcogenide semiconductor nanoparticles (quantum dots) 14 7

9 Implication of APEC APEC economies have been well implicated in and have contributed to the nanotechnology document standards in ISO as well as to the nano-metrology standards in CIPM. International comparisons of nano-metrology standards among National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) conducted by WG of Material Metrology, Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) Measurement of nanoindentation (hardness in the nanoscale) Measurement of nanoparticle size 15 Implication of APEC The role of testing and calibration laboratories for nanotechnology would become more important in APEC economies as well, because standards for measurement and characterization are developing and labelling/regulation of engineered nanoparticles are anticipated in future. EN ISO TS 'Guidance on labelling of manufactured nanoparticles and products containing manufactured nanoparticles Definition of Nanomaterials Ex.) Materials containing manufactured nanoparticles a certain percentage or more in number 16 8

10 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! 17 9

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