Department of Chemistry Course Syllabus, Summer 2011

Transcription

1 CHEM 1310: AN INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY (CHEMICAL REACTIVITY) Department of Chemistry Course Syllabus, Summer 2011 Lecturer and Laboratory Supervisor: Dr. Sarrah Vakili Office: 256A Parker (within the A.N. Campbell Resource Centre) Office hours: directly after class, Monday ca. 1:30-4:30 and Friday ca. 2:30-4:30 Lecture time and location: 10:45-12:45, Monday, Wednesday, Friday, 204 Armes The CHEM 1310 Laboratory Program is held in the Parker building. Scheduling information about the laboratory program is outlined on pages 1 through 3 of the CHEM 1310 Laboratory Manual and under important dates in this syllabus. Bench numbers will be posted on the bulletin board at the North end lobby of Parker Building during the week preceding the laboratory program. Course description Chemistry involves the study of matter and its changes. In your first chemistry course (CHEM 1300), you studied the structure of matter (atoms, elements, molecules, compounds, solid state, etc.). In CHEM 1310, we shall more specifically study the reactivity of matter, including real world applications. The course is subdivided in five sections: 1. Thermodynamics (energy involved in chemical and physical processes and reaction spontaneity) 2. Chemical Kinetics (rates of reactions and reaction mechanisms) 3. Chemical Equilibrium (reversible reactions) 4. Acids and Bases (structural and equilibrium factors that determine acidity and basicity) 5. Electrochemistry (reduction-oxidation reactions, galvanic cells, and cell potentials) Role of CHEM 1310 CHEM 1300 is the second part of the fundamental chemistry courses that are offered to students who specialized in health, natural, or physical sciences. This course will put more emphasis on quantitative methods and mathematical tools than CHEM Many of the covered topics will be applicable in other courses, regardless of which program you will follow. Apart from the fact that this course is a necessary prerequisite, it can also be seen as an opportunity to improve your problem-solving skills. Together, CHEM 1300 and 1310 courses constitute the basic chemistry requirements of many non-chemistry programs (Microbiology, Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, Biosystems and Mechanical Engineering) and they also form the basis of a Chemistry or Biochemistry major. Prerequisites All students entering CHEM 1310 have completed CHEM 1300 and should also have a minimum of two years of previous chemistry study or its equivalent. Elementary math skills, like setting up and solving linear and quadratic equations, using logarithm and exponential functions, are assumed and not explicitly taught in class (see Math Skills section of the e-book in WileyPLUS)

2 Registration eligibility It is your responsibility to ensure that you are entitled to be registered in this course. This means that: you have the appropriate prerequisites, as noted in the calendar description, or have permission from the Chemistry Department to waive these prerequisites. if you are not entitled to be in this course, you will be withdrawn, or the course may not be used in your degree program. There will be no fee adjustment, and this cannot be appealed. Laboratory exemptions Students who have taken CHEM 1310 earlier, and who wish to repeat it, may qualify for a laboratory exemption: to do so, you need to apply online via the following website: The following rules apply: Laboratory exemptions will only be given within two calendar years after completion of the laboratory and can only be used once. Laboratory marks will be carried forward if taking a laboratory exemption. You must get at least 60% in the laboratory program to receive an exemption. Special Needs We encourage students with disability-related special needs to participate in our programs. If you are experiencing difficulties with your studies or assignments, or have a disability or illness which may affect your course of study, please discuss these issues with a councillor in one of the following Student Affairs offices as soon as possible: Disability Services, 155 University Center, (voice), (TTY). Learning Assistance Center, 201 Tier Building, Student Counselling and Career Centre 474 University Center, ANGEL Learning Course Site An ANGEL Learning course site is available for CHEM 1310 students at: Registered students will automatically be allowed to access this site during the term. The Angel site is a primary source for communication and online course materials. Visit regularly so that you are up-to-date with course announcements. Information posted on the Angel site includes: the course syllabus, review materials, course-related internet and links, lecture notes, practice exams, exam keys (posted after exams), and marks. Course materials Textbook Package: ISBN , Bookstore price: $ Contains: o J. Olmsted, G. Williams, R.C. Burk; Chemistry, Canadian Edition. o Access code for WileyPLUS, the e-book, and the solutions manual. o Optional: you can forego purchasing the paper copy of the textbook and simply purchase the access code for WileyPLUS, the e-book, and the solutions manual. This can be done at Bookstore checkout counters or from the WileyPlus website for $ I-Clicker: ISBN , Bookstore price: $ o Used clickers are available at the Customer Service Desk in the Bookstore for $

3 Laboratory Manual: ISBN Bookstore price: TBA. Contains: o F. Gauvin, K. Koczanski; Laboratory Manual for CHEM o Access code for Late Nite Labs REACTOR Registration. Laboratory coat and safety glasses are required in the CHEM 1310 Laboratory Program. o Lab coats and safety glasses are also available in the Bookstore. Optional Calculations Guide: o E. Smirnova, N.R. Hunter; A Survival Kit for Stoichiometry, Ratios, and Proportions. Available for sale at the Bookstore. Things to do in preparation for CHEM 1310 Buy all required course materials. Review CHEM 1300 and High School Chemistry material. Prepare for the lab: o Read information about laboratory program and safety policies in laboratory manual (pg 1 20). o Preview Experiment 1. o Read information about our Virtual Laboratory Program activities (pg 21-31). o Setup your Late Nite Labs REACTOR account at: Your PIN code is included on a sheet attached with your lab manual. Your Section Code is: Register your i-clicker: o Go to the i-clicker registration website at: o Your "Student ID is your 7-digit University of Manitoba student number. o Your Clicker ID is printed on the back of your clicker. Register for online assignments with WileyPLUS: o Go to the class URL: and follow the registration instructions. o Your "Student ID is your 7-digit University of Manitoba student number. Expectations You are required to attend classes and participate through the use of i-clickers. You are expected to be respectful of your fellow classmates and your lecturer. Please refrain from making noise during lectures and turn off your cell phone. You are responsible for all course material, whether or not it is explicitly covered in class. It is a good idea to read ahead. It is in your best interests to complete all on-line assignments. You are encouraged to also complete the suggested end-of-chapter questions. Laboratory attendance is required. You must earn a passing grade of at least 60% in the laboratory program to pass the course

4 Important dates See 2010/11 online calendar at or aurora. Monday, July 4 Wednesday, July 6 Friday, July 8 Monday, July 11 Wednesday, July 13 Friday, July 15 Monday, July 18 Wednesday, July 20 Friday, July 22 Monday, July 25 Wednesday, July 27 Friday, July 29 Monday, Aug. 1 Wednesday, Aug. 3 Friday, Aug. 5 Monday, Aug. 8 Wednesday, Aug. 10 Friday, Aug. 12 Monday, Aug. 15 Wednesday, Aug. 17 Friday, Aug. 19 Saturday, Aug 20 First lecture 2 nd lecture 3 rd lecture 4 th lecture Suggested start date for Expt 3 (virtual lab) Assignment 1 due by 11 pm 5 th lecture Expt 1 (wet lab) 6 th lecture Expt 1 report due by 4:30 pm 7 th lecture Expt 3 report due by 4:30 pm Suggested start date for Expt 9 (virtual lab) Assignment 2 due by 11 pm 8 th lecture Expt 2 (wet lab) NO LECTURE 9 th lecture Suggested start date for Expt 5 (virtual lab) Expt 2 report due by 4:30 pm Assignment 3 due by 11 pm MIDTERM EXAM Expt 4 (wet lab) 10 th lecture Expt 4 report due by 4:30 pm Holiday, University Closed 11 th lecture Expt 6 (wet lab) Expt 5 report due by 4:30 pm 12 th lecture Expt 6 report due by 4:30 pm Last day for Voluntary Withdraw 13 th lecture Expt 9 report due by 4:30 pm Suggested start date for Expt 7 (virtual lab) Assignment 4 due by 11 pm 14 th lecture Expt 8 (wet lab) Expt 7 report due by 4:30 pm 15 th lecture Expt 8 report due by 4:30 pm Last lecture Assignment 5 due by 11 pm NO LECTURE, study day NO LECTURE, study day FINAL EXAM, 9:00 am to 12:00 noon, location TBA

5 Grading Calculation of final grade Final percentage grades will be calculated automatically as the best mark derived using the two marking schemes below. Scheme A: Laboratory Program: 20% Online Assignments: 8% In-class Participation: 4% Midterm examination: 23% Final Examination: 45% Scheme B: Laboratory Program: 20% Online Assignments: 8% In-class Participation: 4% Final Examination: 68% A final letter grade will be assigned based on your final percentage grade as follows: 90.0% A % B % D % A % C+ < 40.0% F % B % C We do not round up final percentage grades and we do not scale final class results. We do not accept or offer any other options for improving grades. You must earn a passing grade of at least 60% in the laboratory program to pass the course despite your performance in other aspects of the course. In-class participation Participation points are earned when you answer questions during class: o Your lecturer will ask the class to respond to clicker questions throughout the term. How many questions and when they will be asked will vary from one lecturer to another. You must use your i-clicker to answer these questions; no other type of input will be accepted. o Some lecturers may on occasion ask you to submit written or verbal answers to questions asked during in class quizzes and/or problem sessions. You will earn 1 participation point for every question that you answer. Most questions will require you to select a correct answer in these cases, answering correctly is worth an additional 1 participation point. The participation point total for a class will be the sum of all participation points that could be earned throughout the term. This total will be different for each lecture section. Your final participation grade will depend on what fraction of the total number of participation points you earn during the term: Earn > 75% of the total participation points: Earn 75% of the total participation points: earned participation points 0.75 ( total participation points) 4 marks 4 marks You are responsible for bringing your clicker to class, setting your clicker to the correct frequency, and ensuring that the clicker is working correctly. There will be no special consideration given for unrecorded clicks. Special consideration will only be considered for students who miss more than one week of lectures for legitimate reasons with documentation (e.g. lengthy illness, compassion reasons, Universityrelated activities)

6 No consideration will be made of other reasons, such as forgotten, missing, or stolen clickers, short term illness, transportation or weather-related troubles, non-university related events, etc. Please inform your lecturer if you change or get a new clicker midway through the term. It is considered to be academic dishonesty to operate more than one i-clicker in a given class, whether the extra i-clicker is yours or an absent classmate s. Online assignments There are five assignments, all having equal weight, with due dates indicated above. Do not begin an assignment close to the deadline, as they will take time to complete. No extensions or make-up possibilities will be given for any assignment. Special cases may be considered only for documented medical or compassion reasons. Laboratory grades A total of 20 marks can be obtained for the lab part of the course: Online pre-lab exercises: Lab reports: Performance in the lab (including safety): 2 marks 17 marks 1 mark Regardless of your total score in the course, you need a grade of at least 60% in the lab component to pass CHEM 1310! Midterm examination The midterm exam will be 2 hours long and written on Wed. July 27, 2011 during class. The midterm exam will consist of a combination of multiple-choice and open answer questions. You will need to bring pencils, pens, an eraser, a calculator, and Student I.D. to the midterm. There is NO makeup midterm exam. If you miss the midterm exam, marking scheme B will automatically apply. Final examination The final exam will be 3 hours long; it is set for SATURDAY, Aug. 20, 2011 from 9am to 12noon. The final exam will consist of a combination of multiple-choice and open answer questions. You will need to bring pencils, pens, an eraser, a calculator, and Student I.D. to the exam. Students who miss the final exam without a legitimate reason will receive a score of zero for the exam. Students who miss the final exam with legitimate reasons may apply to the Dean of their faculty for an examination deferral. The deferred examination will be written in early Sept. (time and location to be announced). If you have a University class or laboratory scheduled for this time, please contact the course coordinator ASAP. Appeals If you have concerns or questions about posted scores, examination problems, and/or answer keys, promptly consult the course coordinator. For concerns or questions about laboratory reports, consult one of the laboratory coordinators. The appeal of a laboratory report grade must be made within two weeks of the return of the report. No appeals of laboratory, assignment, or mid-term examination grades will be considered after the final examination has been written

7 Review of final exam script The Faculty of Science has established a policy to permit students the opportunity to review their final exam script prior to the end of the Grade Appeal period. The Department of Chemistry has developed a procedure that requires students to complete an application form prior to the review of their final exam script. The Application Form can be obtained from the Department of Chemistry General Office (360 Parker). Course Objectives Prerequisite Knowledge Before coming into CHEM 1310, you should already be able to: Convert between mass, volume, density and concentration for gases, liquids, solids, and solutions. Write balanced chemical equations and use them to carry out stoichiometry calculations, including the concept of limiting reagent. Name inorganic chemical compounds. Define acidity and basicity, use these definitions to classify reactants as acids and bases, and recognize and name common acids and bases. Assign oxidation states and use these to classify reactants as oxidants and reductants. Apply concepts learned in CHEM 1300, including atomic structure, electron configurations, periodic trends, bonding models, intermolecular forces, crystal structure, and organic chemistry. These concepts are essential to CHEM 1310 and subsequent courses in chemistry and other subject areas, and will be tested in CHEM 1310 assignments, labs, and exams. Your textbook does not cover all of these topics; notes on some review topics are posted on Angel. Section 1: Thermodynamics (about 4 weeks) Energy and its conservation (section , pg ). Heats of phase changes (first subsection of section 8.6, pg ). Spontaneity of chemical processes (sections , pg ). Recognize the types of energy of interest to chemists. Understand the first law of thermodynamics and the concepts of heat and work. Understand the origins of energy changes in chemical reactions. Apply the principles of calorimetry to determine energy changes in a chemical reaction. Understand and calculate enthalpy and internal energy. Determine enthalpies of phase changes and explain them in terms of intermolecular forces. Identify the system and the surroundings in a process. Calculate the total entropy change of a process from the entropy changes of the system and the surroundings. Place substances in increasing order of absolute entropy. Calculate the entropy change of a reaction from standard absolute entropies. Calculate the free energy change of a reaction either from standard free energies of formation, or from standard enthalpies of formation and standard entropies. Calculate the temperature at which a reaction becomes spontaneous

8 Calculate vapour pressures from thermodynamic data. Suggested end-of-chapter problems Chapter 3: 7, 11, 15, 19, 21, 23, 25, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 63, 65, 73, 75, 81 Chapter 8: 45, 51, Chapter 11: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 71, 81 Section 2: Kinetics (about 2 weeks) Kinetics: mechanisms and rates of reactions (sections , pg ). Explain the concepts of a mechanism and a rate-determining step in a chemical reaction. Determine the rate of a reaction based on the rate of change of concentration of a reactant or product. Determine the rate law, given the mechanism and knowledge of the relative rates of steps of a reaction. Determine the rate of a reaction based on the rate of change of concentration of a reactant or product. Show that the mechanism and rate law are closely related. Explain and quantify the effects of temperature on a reaction rate. Explain the mechanisms by which catalysts function. Suggested end-of-chapter problems Chapter 12: 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 47, 49, 51, 55, 59, 63, 65, 69, 73, 77, 79 Section 3: Equilibrium (about 2 weeks) Principles of chemical equilibrium (sections , pg ). Solubility equilibrium (section 15.4, pg ). Explain the dynamic nature of equilibrium in terms of reversibility. Understand some of the properties of equilibrium constants. Relate the equilibrium position to thermodynamic quantities. Predict the effects on the equilibrium position of changing concentrations or temperature. Solve quantitative equilibrium problems. Perform equilibrium calculations on reactions in aqueous solution. Use the concepts of K SP and the common-ion effect to calculate solution concentrations. Suggested end-of-chapter problems Chapter 13: 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 39, 41, 45, 47, 55, 63, 65 Chapter 15: 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 63, 75 Section 4: Acids and Bases (about 2 weeks) Aqueous acid-base equilibrium (sections , pg ). Acid-base titrations (section 15.3, pg ). Use the Brønsted Lowry theory of acids and bases

9 Relate ph to concentrations of ions in solution Calculate concentrations and ph in weak acid and base solutions Recognize and name some common acids and bases Calculate the ph of solutions of salts of weak acids or bases Explain the factors that contribute to the strength of an acid Calculate concentrations in solutions involving multiple equilibria Calculate an acid or base concentration from titration data. Suggested end-of-chapter problems Chapter 14: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 29, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49 (correction: phenol = benzene with hydroxide group), 51, 53, 59, 61, 65, 71, 73, Chapter 15: 21, 23, 25, 27, 59, 61, 71 Section 5: Electrochemistry (about 1.5 weeks) Electron transfer reactions (sections , pg ). Use oxidation numbers to show what is being oxidized and what is being reduced in a redox reaction. Balance redox reactions using the half-reaction method. Describe galvanic cells. Calculate standard cell potentials. Relate cell potential to the reaction conditions. Suggested end-of-chapter problems Chapter 16: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 43, 45, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 83 Focus Sections Each chapter has a number of Focus sections (e.g. Focus 4-1 on pg ) that provide real world examples of the theory in practice. These sections are interesting to read and may be referred to in class. You are not required to memorize the specific details in these sections. However, you are expected to be able to apply learned principles and theory to real world scenarios that can include those covered in these sections. Laboratory program Expt 1: Synthesis of Acetylsalicyclic Acid (review material in lab manual). Expt 2: Analysis of Acetylsalicyclic Acid (review material in lab manual). Expt 3: Specific Heat of Copper (review section 3.2 and 3.4). Expt 4: Heat of Reaction, Hess s Law, and Heat of Dissolution (review and ). Expt 5: Equilibrium Systems: Buffer Solutions (review section ). Expt 6: Chemical Kinetics Initial Rates Method (review section ). Expt 7: Titration of Strong and Weak Acids (Titration Curves; review section 15.3). Expt 8: Qualitative Solubility and K SP of Calcium Hydroxide (review section 15.4). Expt 9: Computational Modelling of Chemical Reactions (review section 10.5 and chapter 12). Operate safely in a chemical laboratory, assess hazard and environmental issues associated with chemicals, and dispose of chemicals accordingly

10 Perform standard chemistry techniques and select appropriate equipment and glassware for specific experimental procedures. Report on experiments, and estimate errors associated with measurements. Academic integrity policies Plagiarism Copying another student's examination, laboratory reports, or assignments, or an instructor's answer sheet from a previous year is plagiarism. Plagiarism and other forms of cheating are prohibited. The full definition of plagiarism and the possible penalties associated with it are outlined in the General Calendar of the University. If you quote other sources of information in a laboratory report or other assignment, you must give proper credit. Cheating The possession of unauthorized materials during an examination, including "crib notes" (whether handwritten or contained within a computer/calculator), is considered cheating and subject to action by the Student Disciplinary By-Law. Only calculators are permitted in an examination no texts, notes, dictionaries, etc. Students found with cell phones, pagers, text in their calculators or other unauthorized material during a chemistry examination will be given a grade of zero (0) on that examination. Faculty of science statement on academic dishonesty The Faculty of Science and The University of Manitoba regard acts of academic dishonesty in quizzes, tests, examinations, laboratory reports or assignments as serious offences and may assess a variety of penalties depending on the nature of the offence. Acts of academic dishonesty include, but are not limited to, bringing unauthorized materials into a test or exam, copying from another individual, using answers provided by tutors, plagiarism, and examination impersonation. Cell phones, pagers, PDAs, MP3 units or electronic translators are explicitly listed as unauthorized materials, and must not be present during tests or examinations. Penalties that may apply, as provided for under the University of Manitoba's Student Discipline By-Law, range from a grade of zero for the assignment or examination, failure in the course, to expulsion from the University. The Student Discipline By-Law may be accessed at: Suggested minimum penalties assessed by the Faculty of Science for acts of academic dishonesty are available on the Faculty of Science Academic Dishonesty Guidelines and Penalties web-page All Faculty members (and their teaching assistants) have been instructed to be vigilant and report all incidents of academic dishonesty to the Head of the Department