Previously Used Scientific Names: Viburnum dentatum L. var. bracteatum
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1 Common Name: LIMEROCK ARROW-WOOD Scientific Name: Viburnum bracteatum Rehder Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Viburnum dentatum L. var. bracteatum Family: Caprifoliaceae (honeysuckle) or Adoxaceae (moschatel) Rarity Ranks: G1G2/S1 State Legal Status: Endangered Federal Legal Status: none Federal Wetland Status: none Description: Shrub to 10 feet (3 meters) tall, forming colonies by root sprouts. Twigs hairy only in their first season. Leaves 2-4¾ inches (5-12 cm) long, broadly oval to nearly round, with rounded or heart-shaped bases, pointed tips, and margins with large, sharp teeth; opposite, deciduous; veins on the lower leaf surface are hairy. Leaf stalks about ¾ inch (2 cm) long, covered with short hairs, with 4 narrow, bract-like stipules at the junction of leaf stalk and stem. Flower cluster 1½ - 2⅜ inches (4-6 cm) across, on an erect, 2-inch (5-6 cm) stalk; flat-topped,
2 with 2 conspicuous bracts at the base. Flowers ⅜ inch (8 mm) across, with 5 white petals. Fruit about ⅜ inch (1 cm) long, oval, blue-black. Similar Species: Southern arrow-wood (Viburnum dentatum) has toothed leaves but its leaf stalks are ⅜ - 1 inch (1-2.5 cm) long and usually lack stipules; twigs, lower leaf surfaces, and leaf stalks are hairy. Limerock arrow-wood is sometimes included in this highly variable species. Related Rare Species: Downy arrow-wood (Viburnum rafinesquianum var. rafinesquianum, Special Concern) resembles limerock arrow-wood. It occurs in rocky woods and on bluffs over amphibolite, granite, and limestone in Bartow, DeKalb, and Floyd counties. It has very short or no leaf stalks, and the entire lower surface of the leaves is very hairy. Habitat: Limestone bluffs above the Coosa River and on rocky slopes of the Cumberland Plateau. Life History: Little is known about limerock arrow-wood s biology. A closely related species, common arrow-wood (Viburnum dentatum), is better known and probably shares many life history traits (some biologists consider limerock arrow-wood to be the same species as V. dentatum). Like limerock arrow-wood, common arrow-wood has showy flower clusters that attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, flies, butterflies, and beetles. Viburnum flowers offer little nectar and are most frequently visited by pollen-gathering insects such as bees; solitary bees are thought to be the most effective Viburnum pollinators. Common arrow-wood is self-incompatible and must be cross-pollinated in order to produce fruit. Fruits are produced by the third year and are dispersed primarily by birds. Limerock arrow-wood also reproduces vegetatively, by the spread of short rhizomes and by sprouts from the root crown. Many Viburnum species have extra-floral nectaries, small glands at the base of the leaf that produce a sugar-rich nectar. It is thought that extra-floral nectaries attract insects that may defend the plant from leaf-eating insects. Some biologists have speculated that the stipules at the base of some Viburnum leaves are highly modified nectaries. Survey Recommendations: Surveys are best conducted during flowering (mid-april mid- May) and fruiting (July October). Range: Fewer than 15 sites are known in Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee. Several sites have been destroyed by mining. Threats: Logging, mining, clearing. Plant poaching. Lack of sexual reproduction. The viburnum leaf beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni) is threatening other species of Viburnum in this group of closely related species and may eventually pose a hazard to limerock arrow-wood. The beetles are capable of defoliating a shrub by mid-summer. The beetle is so far confined to the northeastern U.S., but may become a threat as it moves southward. Georgia Conservation Status: Three populations are known, all on conservation land. Plants rarely flower or set fruit.
3 Conservation and Management Recommendations: Avoid logging, quarrying, or other mechanical disturbances on limestone bluffs. Safeguard location information and prosecute plant poachers. Selected References: Allison, J.R Status survey for Crataegus triflora and Viburnum bracteatum in Georgia. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Social Circle. Center for Plant Conservation National collection plant profile for Viburnum bracteatum. Chafin, L.G Field guide to the rare plants of Georgia. State Botanical Garden of Georgia and University of Georgia Press, Athens. Clark, R.C The woody plants of Alabama. Annals Missouri Botanical Garden 58: Cullina, W Native trees, shrubs, and vines: a guide to using, growing, and propagating North American woody plants. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York. Kollmann, J. and P.J. Grubb Viburnum lantana L. and Viburnum opulus L. (V. lobatum Lam., Opulus vulgaris Borkh.). Journal of Ecology 90(6): Kral, R A report on some rare, threatened, or endangered forest-related vascular plants of the South. Technical Publication R8-TP2. United States Forest Service, Atlanta. NatureServe NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Patrick, T.S., J.R. Allison, and G.A. Krakow Protected plants of Georgia. Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, Social Circle. USDA Plant guide: arrow-wood viburnum, Viburnum dentatum. NRCS National Plant Data Center and Biota of North America Program. Weakley, A.S Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, northern Florida, and surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium, Chapel Hill. Author of Species Account: Linda G. Chafin Date Compiled or Updated: L.Chafin, Jan. 2009: original account D.Weiler, Jan. 2010: added pictures
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Common Name: OZARK BUNCHFLOWER. Scientific Name: Veratrum woodii J.W. Robbins ex Wood. Other Commonly Used Names: Wood s false hellebore
Common Name: OZARK BUNCHFLOWER Scientific Name: Veratrum woodii J.W. Robbins ex Wood Other Commonly Used Names: Wood s false hellebore Previously Used Scientific Names: Melanthium woodii (J.W. Robbins
Common Name: GLADE MEADOW-PARSNIP. Scientific Name: Thaspium pinnatifidum (Buckley) Gray. Other Commonly Used Names: cutleaf meadow-parsnip
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Common Name: GOLDENSEAL
Common Name: GOLDENSEAL Scientific Name: Hydrastis canadensis Linnaeus Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Ranunculaceae (buttercup) or Hydrastidaceae (goldenseal)
Common Name: SHOALS SPIDER-LILY. Scientific Name: Hymenocallis coronaria (J. LeConte) Kunth. Other Commonly Used Names: Cahaba lily, Catawba lily
Common Name: SHOALS SPIDER-LILY Scientific Name: Hymenocallis coronaria (J. LeConte) Kunth Other Commonly Used Names: Cahaba lily, Catawba lily Previously Used Scientific Names: Hymenocallis caroliniana
Common Name: PARROT PITCHERPLANT. Scientific Name: Sarracenia psittacina Michaux. Other Commonly Used Names: none
Common Name: PARROT PITCHERPLANT Scientific Name: Sarracenia psittacina Michaux Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Sarraceniaceae Rarity Ranks: G4/S2S3 State
Common Name: GLADE WINDFLOWER. Scientific Name: Anemone berlandieri Pritzel. Other Commonly Used Names: southern thimble-weed
Common Name: GLADE WINDFLOWER Scientific Name: Anemone berlandieri Pritzel Other Commonly Used Names: southern thimble-weed Previously Used Scientific Names: Anemone caroliniana Walter var. heterophylla
Common Name: FRINGED GENTIAN. Scientific Name: Gentianopsis crinita (Froelich) Ma. Other Commonly Used Names: none
b Common Name: FRINGED GENTIAN Scientific Name: Gentianopsis crinita (Froelich) Ma Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Gentiana crinita Froelich Family: Gentianaceae (gentian)
Family: Parnassiaceae (grass-of-parnassus) or Saxifragaceae (rockbreaker)
Common Name: LARGE-LEAF GRASS-OF-PARNASSUS Scientific Name: Parnassia grandifolia A.P. de Candolle Other Commonly Used Names: bigleaf grass-of-parnassus, limeseep parnassia, undine Previously Used Scientific
Common Name: YELLOW LADY S-SLIPPER. Scientific Name: Cypripedium parviflorum Salisbury. Other Commonly Used Names: golden slipper
Common Name: YELLOW LADY S-SLIPPER Scientific Name: Cypripedium parviflorum Salisbury Other Commonly Used Names: golden slipper Previously Used Scientific Names: Cypripedium calceolus Linnaeus Family:
Other Commonly Used Names: Simpson s zephyr-lily, Florida atamasco-lily, rain zephyr-lily, rain lily
Common Name: SIMPSON S RAIN LILY Scientific Name: Zephyranthes simpsonii Chapman Other Commonly Used Names: Simpson s zephyr-lily, Florida atamasco-lily, rain zephyr-lily, rain lily Previously Used Scientific
Common Name: PINK LADY S-SLIPPER
Common Name: PINK LADY S-SLIPPER Scientific Name: Cypripedium acaule Aiton Other Commonly Used Names: pink moccasin flower, stemless lady-slipper, slipper orchid Previously Used Scientific Names: Fissipes
Common Name: HOODED PITCHERPLANT. Scientific Name: Sarracenia minor Walter. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: HOODED PITCHERPLANT Scientific Name: Sarracenia minor Walter Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Sarraceniaceae Rarity Ranks: G4/S4 State Legal Status:
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Common Name: FLORIDA ADDER S-MOUTH ORCHID. Scientific Name: Malaxis spicata Swartz. Other Commonly Used Names: none
Common Name: FLORIDA ADDER S-MOUTH ORCHID Scientific Name: Malaxis spicata Swartz Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Malaxis floridana (Chapman) Kuntze, Microstylis floridana
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Common Name: THREE BIRDS ORCHID
Common Name: THREE BIRDS ORCHID Scientific Name: Triphora trianthophora (Swartz) Rydberg Other Commonly Used Names: nodding pogonia, nodding ettercap Previously Used Scientific Names: Arethusa trianthophoros
Previously Used Scientific Names: Schwalbea australis Pennell, Schwalbea americana L. var. australis (Pennell) Reveal & Broome
Common Name: CHAFFSEED Scientific Name: Schwalbea americana Linnaeus Other Commonly Used Names: American chaffseed Previously Used Scientific Names: Schwalbea australis Pennell, Schwalbea americana L.
Other Commonly Used Names: wintergreen quillwort, evergreen quillwort
Common Name: WINTER QUILLWORT Scientific Name: Isoetes hyemalis D.F. Brunton Other Commonly Used Names: wintergreen quillwort, evergreen quillwort Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Isoetaceae
Previously Used Scientific Names: Habenaria quinqueseta var. quinqueseta, Orchis habenaria Linnaeus, O. quinqueseta Michaux
Common Name: MICHAUX S ORCHID Scientific Name: Habenaria quinqueseta (Michaux) A. Eaton Other Commonly Used Names: Michaux s orchis, long-horned habenaria, long-horned false rein-orchid Previously Used
Common Name: GEORGIA QUILLWORT. Scientific Name: Isoetes georgiana Luebke. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: GEORGIA QUILLWORT Scientific Name: Isoetes georgiana Luebke Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Isoetaceae (quillwort) Rarity Ranks: G2G3/S2S3 State
Common Name: BLACK-SPORED QUILLWORT. Scientific Name: Isoetes melanospora Engelmann. Other Commonly Used Names: black-spored Merlin's grass
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DRABA RAMOSISSIMA (BRASSICACEAE) NEW TO ALABAMA
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