Unit 2 Benchmark Review. Disease Review:

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1 Match the term with the definition: Unit 2 Benchmark Review Disease Review: 1. Caused by tiny organisms called pathogens B 2. This is responsible for distinguishing between the different kinds of pathogens and reacting to each according to its type.c 3. Caused by malfunctions in body systems that are either inherited or caused by environmental factors.a 4. A bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protists that are spread in various ways. D a. Non-infectious Disease b. Disease c. Immune d. Pathogen Complete the Chart: Name of Disease Asthma / Non- Non- Body it Attacks Respiratory Nervous Symptoms/ Characteristics affects the lungs and the airways that deliver air to the lungs Brain cells stop functioning Parkinson s Non- Strep Respiratory Throat Cold Respiratory Bacterial infection that causes the tonsils to swell, fever, pain and redness virus multiplies and attacks the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing sore throat, runny nose or fever Flu Respiratory Fever, aches and severe cough Skin Non- Integumentary Caused by UV rays that damage the skin Cancer AIDS Immune Attacks the immune system to make the organism unable to fight off other pathogens Diabetes Non- Athlete s Foot Can lead to other diseases affecting the Circulatory and Urinary Integumentary caused by a person s inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical produced in the body called insulin resulting in their blood sugar levels being high common fungal infection of the skin of the feet that likes to grow in a warm, moist environment

2 Microscopes Review: Part of the Microscope Eye Piece Nose Piece Objective Lens Stage Stage Clip Diaphragm Light Source Arm Base Coarse Adjustment Fine Adjustment Function Contains the 10X magnifying lens Rotates between the different objective lenses Two or three separate lenses that contain varying powers of magnifying lenses Supports the microscope slide Holds slide in place on the stage Adjusts the amount of light passing into the slide A mirror, external or internal light source that shines light through the object being viewed Supports the body tube which connects the eyepiece to the set of objective lenses Supports the microscope Focuses the image under low power Focuses the image under high power Label the Microscope Parts:

3 Cells Review: Complete the Chart: Organelle Plant or Animal Function Nucleus Both Controls all of the cells actions and is considered to be the brain of the cell Vacuole Both Acts as a storage center for water or waste products Cytoplasm Both Gel-like substance that all other organelles are embedded in Cell Membrane Both Thin and protective covering that controls what enters and leaves the cell Cell Wall Plant Provides support and shape and is made of mostly cellulose Mitochondria Both Produces energy and is known as the Power House Chloroplast Plant Used to capture sunlight and produce food Label the parts of the cell:

movement (diffusion) of water across a cell membrane Diffusion Process of

4 Cellular Processes: Process Waste Elimination Purpose Organisms rid the cells of waste products that could be harmful to the cell Osmosis The movement (diffusion) of water across a cell membrane Diffusion Process of moving materials from an area of high concentration to a low concentration across a membrane

5 Fill in the Chart: Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Function Capture Energy Release Energy Location Chloroplasts Mitochondria Reactants Products Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) and Water (H 2 O) Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and Oxygen (O 2 ) Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and Oxygen (O 2 ) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) and Water (H 2 O) Formula CO 2 + H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O Formula Carbon Dioxide + Water Sugar + Oxygen Sugar + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water Answer the following questions: 1. What is the purpose of mitosis? Cellular Reproduction 2. What is the product of mitosis? Two Identical Daughter Cells Label the different Bacteria shapes: Coccus Spiral Bacillus

6 Label the different Protists: Picture Name of Protist Euglena Paramecium Amoeba Structure for movement Flagella Cilia Pseudopod Heredity Review: Matching: 1. Genotype B 2. Phenotype D 3. Dominant Trait A 4. Recessive Trait F 5. Inherited Trait C 6. Acquired Trait E a. A trait that will always be expressed in the phenotype and is represented by a capital letter. b. the set of genes carried by the organism c. Characteristics that are passed from parent to offspring d. the physical expression of the genes e. A trait that will only be expressed in the phenotype by two lowercase letters

7 Analyzing a Monohybrid Cross: B= Brown Eyes b= Blue Eyes 1 st Generation: Cross BB x bb 2 nd Generation: Cross x BB bb Genotype of offspring: _0% BB _100% _0 % bb Phenotype of offspring: _100 % Brown Genotype of offspring: _25 % BB _50% _25 % bb Phenotype of offspring: _75 % Brown _0 % Blue _25 % Blue Fill in the Chart: Term Heredity Chromosome Gene Allele Hybrid Purebred Definition The passing of traits from parent to offspring Structure found in the nucleus that contains genetic information A segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait. One gene from the pair Two different alleles for the same trait Identical alleles for the same trait

Chapter 10 The cell is the basic unit of life.

Chapter 10 The cell is the basic unit of life. Using a Microscope - Worksheet (diagram and functions of a microscope) - Lab (p. 394-395) What you are viewing under a microscope (P.393) - Magnified image