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1 Phytotaxa 326 (4): ISSN (print edition) Copyright 2017 Magnolia Press Article PHYTOTAXA ISSN (online edition) Impatiens haridasanii (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India VADAKKOOT SANKARAN HAREESH & MAMIYIL SABU* Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Malappuram , Kerala, India msabu9@gmail.com Abstract Impatiens haridasanii, a new species, is described from Longding district of Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Detailed descriptions, distribution, and ecology along with colour photographs are provided. Key words: Arunachal Pradesh, Balsaminaceae, India, Impatiens, Longding, new species Introduction As part of the taxonomic studies of Indian Impatiens, the authors described several new taxa from northeastern India (Hareesh et al. 2016a,b, 2017a,b,c, Gogoi et al. 2017) and south India (Hareesh et al. 2015, Prabhukumar et al. 2015a,b, 2016). This article describes another new species from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. During a recent floristic expedition to the eastern Himalayas, the authors collected an unknown specimen of Impatiens from Pongchau, Longding district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. After critical study of specimens and relevant literature (Hooker 1875, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1910, Vivekananthan et al. 1997, Chen 2001, Dessai & Janarthanam 2011, Bhaskar 2012, Yu 2012, Hareesh et al. 2016c, Cai et al. 2015, Gogoi et al. 2015), we found that the taxon shows similarities with Impatiens fugongensis K. M. Liu & Y. Y. Cong (2008: 161), I. xanthina H. F. Comber (1934: 248) and I. xanthinoides G. W. Hu (2015: 216), but shows numerous differences (Table 1) and hence is described here as new. Taxonomy Impatiens haridasanii Hareesh & M.Sabu sp. nov. (Figure 1) This species is similar to Impatiens fugongensis but differs from the latter in having a glabrous stem, dorsal surface of the petals and lateral sepals with pubescence along the center but otherwise glabrous, ovate or orbicular basal lobes of lateral united petals, spur apex entire, pale yellow and linear capsule; it also differs from I. xanthina in having leaves with white pubescence on both surfaces, yellow flowers lacking a red spot on the mouth and dorsal petals with a sharp needle-like appendage on the back and a linear capsule. Type: INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh: Longding district, Near Pongchau, 23 May 2017, M. Sabu & V.S. Hareesh (holotype CALI!, isotypes ARUN!, CAL!). Annual herbs, 8 20 cm tall, stem glabrous, yellowish brown. Leaves alternate or spirally arranged at the top, petiolate; lamina cm, ovate to ovate-elliptic, apex acute to minutely acuminate, acute to obtuse, densely pubescent with white hairs on both surfaces, green to pale green above and pale yellow beneath; lamina margin serrate, serration apiculate; lateral nerves 5 8 on each side, prominent; petiole cm long, terete, pubescent, pale green to pale pink. Inflorescence axillary, pedunculate, 2-flowered; bract mm, linear lanceolate, acuminate at apex, pubescent, pale green; peduncle mm long, pubescent, pale green; pedicel cm long, puberulent to glabrous, pale green; lateral sepal 2, mm, ovate to obliquely-ovate, with deep keel, apex acuminate, glabrous except white long hairs on the keeled portion, transparent with pale green keeled portion; dorsal petal Accepted by John Freudenstein: 8 Oct. 2017; published: 31 Oct. 2017

2 FIGURE 1. Impatiens haridasanii. A&B. Habit. C. Flower front view. D. Inflorescence side view. E. Flower top view. F & G. Lateral sepal adaxial and abaxial view. H & I. Dorsal petal adaxial and abaxial view. J. Lateral united petals. K. Lower sepal with spur. L. Stamen. M. Carpel. N. Capsule. Photos by M. Sabu & V.S. Hareesh. Impatiens haridasanii (Balsaminaceae) Phytotaxa 326 (4) 2017 Magnolia Press 265

3 mm, galeiform, glabrous, white, sharp hairs along the keeled dorsal surface, yellow; lateral united petals mm, 2-lobed; basal lobe mm, ovate or orbicular, apex obtuse, yellow; distal lobe mm, dolabriform-triangular, apically obtuse, yellow; lower sepal mm, navicular, glabrous, yellow; spur 7 10 mm long, cylindrical, deeply curved, glabrous, yellow, apex entire, acute. Column c. 3 c. 2 mm, straight, curved towards the apex; filament c. 2 2 mm, glabrous, white; anther c. 1 c mm, glabrous, yellow. Pistil c. 1 mm; ovary ellipsoid, glabrous, pale green. Capsule cm long, linear, glabrous, green. Flowering and Fruiting: May to June Etymology: The specific epithet haridasanii is in honor of Dr. Haridasan, former Scientist of the State Forest Research Institute, Arunachal Pradesh, who had contributed a lot to the taxonomy of northeast India. Distribution and ecology: Impatiens haridasanii is known only from Pongchau, Longding District of Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. We observed more than 100 individuals along the roadsides in a few localities within a radius of 3 km near Pongchau town. The species was observed in moist rocky open areas in association with Selaginella sp., Pellionia sp., Hedychium sp., etc. Presently there is no evidence for an immediate threat, but the population could be impacted by shifting land use and road construction. Based on the available data, the conservation status is assessed as Data Deficient (DD). TABLE 1. Diagnostic morphological differences of Impatiens haridasanii sp. nov with I. fugongensis, I. xanthina and I. xanthinoides. Characters I. haridasanii I. fugongensis I. xanthina I. xanthinoides Stem Glabrous Pubescent Glabrous Glabrous Lamina shape Ovate to ovate-elliptic Elliptic to suborbicular Lanceolate, ellipticlanceolate, Lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong- spatulate Nature of adaxial lamina White hairy White hairy Slightly scabrid on veins Scabrid puberulent surface Nature of abaxial lamina Along veins white hairy Along veins white hairy Glabrous or veins puberulent Glabrous surface Lamina apex Acute to minutely acuminate Obtuse-acute or obtuserounded Acute or acuminate Acute or obtuse-acute Peduncle Densely white hairy Densely white hairy Puberulent Sparsely pubescent Bract Linear-lanceolate, white hairy Ovate lanceolate, white hairy Ovate-lanceolate, setose Lanceolate, glabrous Lateral sepals Dorsal petal Lateral united petals Basal lobes Distal lobes Ovate to obliquely-ovate with white long hairs on the keeled portion Galeiform, glabrous, white sharp hairs along the keeled surface, without flecks at Sessile, dorsal auricle absent Ovate or orbicular, no flecks at Dolabriform-triangular distal lobe, apex obtuse Ovate-elliptic, long white hairy Galeiform, orbicular, sparsely white Hairy, without flecks at Triangular-ovate, glabrous Suborbicular, minutely pubescent or puberulent, purple- or red-tinged Sessile, dorsal auricle absent, Sub-sessile, dorsal auricle absent Linear to narrowly elliptic, no flecks at Dolabriform-triangular, apex retuse Orbicular, purple-tinged (or red-tined) flecks at Dolabriform or ovatedolabriform, apex obtuse Lower sepal Glabrous Pubescent Glabrous Glabrous Capsule Linear Broadly fusiform Elliptic Fusiform Lanceolate or narrowly ovate, glabrous, Galeiform, widely ovate, Glabrous, without flecks at Stipitate, dorsal auricle slightly inflexed Elliptic, red striae nearly at Fan-shaped, apex acute Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Department of Science and Technology (New Delhi) for financial assistance for the research project (SERB/SB/SO/PS/92/2013 dt ) and the Arunachal Pradesh Forest Department for granting permission and providing necessary assistance with field studies in the forest. VSH is grateful to the International Association for Plant Taxonomy for the IAPT Research Grant Thanks are also due to the following individuals for assistance, Mr. Bitem Darrang, DFO, Khonza; Bapenlu Kri, Longding; Mr. Sathyanarayanan Mundayur, Lohit Youth Library Network, Roing and Mr. Etalo, Itanagar. 266 Phytotaxa 326 (4) 2017 Magnolia Press HAREESH & SABU

4 References Bhaskar, V. (2012) Taxonomic Monograph on Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) of Western Ghats, South India: The Key Genus for Endemism. Centre for plant taxonomic studies, Bangalore, pp Cai, X.Z., Hu, G.W. & Cong, Y.Y. (2015) Impatiens xanthinoides (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 227: Chen, Y.L. (2001) Balsaminaceae. In: Chen, Y.L. (Ed.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. 47. Science Press, pp. 1 4, Addenda Comber, H.F. (1934) Diagnoses specierum novarum in herbario Horti Regii Botanici Edinburgensis cognitarum DCI-DCXIII. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 18: Cong, Y.Y., Liu, K.M., Cai, X.Z. & Tian, S.Z. (2008) Impatiens fugongensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Botanical Studies 49: Dessai, J.R.N. & Janarthanam, M.K. (2011). The genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the northern and parts of central Western Ghats. Rheedea 21: Gogoi, R., Borah, S. & Satyanarayana, P. (2015) Impatiens fugongensis, I. yui and I. xanthina (Balsaminaceae) three new addition to flora of India. The journal of Japanese Botany 90: Gogoi, R., Hareesh, V.S. & Adamowski, W. (2017) Impatiens zironiana (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeastern India. Webbia: Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography. Hareesh, V.S., Sreekumar, V.B., Dantas, K.J. & Sujanapal, P. (2015) Impatiens sahyadrica (Balsaminaceae), a new species from southern Western Ghats.Phytotaxa207: Hareesh, V.S., Gogoi, R. & Sabu, M. (2016a) Impatiens pseudocitrina (Balsaminaceae): a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India. Phytotaxa 282: Hareesh, V.S., Joe, A., Prashob, P. & Sabu, M. (2016b) Impatiens roingensis (Balsaminaceae): a new species from northeast India. Webbia: Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography 71: Hareesh, V.S. & Sabu, M. (2016c) Taxonomy of the genus Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) in NE India since Hooker XXVI Annual conference of Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy and International seminar on Sustainable utilization of biodiversity, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India. 48 pp. Hareesh, V.S., Borah, S. & Sabu, M. (2017a) Impatiens walongensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from North-East India. Phytotaxa 317: Hareesh, V.S., Joe, A., Gogoi, R. & Sabu, M. (2017b) Impatiens arunachalensis (Balsaminaceae): a new species from northeastern India. Phytotaxa 305: Hareesh, V.S. & Sabu, M. (2017c) Impatiens nilalohitae (Balsaminaceae): a new species from northeastern India. Phytotaxa 323: Hooker, J.D. (1875) Impatiens L. In: Hooker, J.D. (Ed.) Flora of British India, vol. 1. L. Reeve & Co., London, UK, Hooker, J.D. ( ) An Epitome of the British Indian species of Impatiens. Records of Botanical Survey of India 4: Hooker, J.D. (1908) Impatiens. In: Hooker s Icones Plantarum, 4 th series 9. Dulau & co., London, pp Hooker, J.D. (1910) Indian species of Impatiens. Generis Impatiens species Indicae novae et minus rite cognitae a Cl. A. Meebold detectae. Bulletin Miscellaneous Information, Kew 1910: Hooker, J.D. & Thomson, T. (1860) Precursores ad Floram Indicum-Balsaminaceae. Journal of the Procedings of the Linnean Society, Botany 4: IUCN. (2001) IUCN red list categories and criteria Ver Information Press, Oxford. Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum, vol. 2. Salvius, Stockholm, 937 pp. Mabberley, D.J. (2008) The Plant Book: A portable dictionary of the vascular plants, 3 rd edn. Cambridge University Press, UK. Prabhukumar, K.M., Hareesh, V.S., Sreekumar, V.B., Nirmesh, T.K. & Indira Balachandran (2015a) Impatiens neo-modesta (Balsaminaceae)- A new species from Western Ghats, India. Webbia: Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography 70: Prabhukumar, K.M., Omalsree, M., Hareesh, V.S., Bhaskar, V., Nirmesh, T.K., Sreekumar, V.B. & Indira Balachandran (2015b) Two new Impatiens haridasanii (Balsaminaceae) Phytotaxa 326 (4) 2017 Magnolia Press 267

5 taxa of Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) from Western Ghats of India. Phytotaxa 238: Prabhukumar, K.M., Hareesh, V.S., Bhaskar, V., Sreekumar, V.B., Nirmesh, T.K. & Indira Balachandran. (2016) Impatiens glabrata (Balsaminaceae) - A new species from southern Western Ghats, India. Phytotaxa 266: Vivekananthan, K., Rathakrishnan, N.C., Swaminathan, M.S. & Ghara, L.K. (1997) Balsaminaceae. In: Hajra, P.K., Nair, V.J. & Daniel, P. (Eds.) Flora of India 4. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, pp Yu, S.X. (2012) Balsaminaceae of China. Peking University Press, Beijing, 215 pp. 268 Phytotaxa 326 (4) 2017 Magnolia Press HAREESH & SABU