SUCCESS CRITERIA: 1. I will be able to use new science terminology in describing and exploring biodiversity

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Kristopher Sims
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1 LEARNING GOAL: Demonstrate an understanding of how the interconnectedness of all living things, including humans, is critical to the health of our planet. SUCCESS CRITERIA: 1. I will be able to use new science terminology in describing and exploring biodiversity 2.

2 OVERVIEW Because all living things (including humans) are connected, maintaining biodiversity is critical to the health of the planet. biodiversity includes diversity among individuals, species, and ecosystems.

POINT OF VIEW When studying concepts such as Biodiversity, we must consider various viewpoints and biases and think about how and why different perspectives might be similar or different.

3 POINT OF VIEW When studying concepts such as Biodiversity, we must consider various viewpoints and biases and think about how and why different perspectives might be similar or different. By thinking about different points of view and biases, we can not only look for ways in which people might come to agreement on how to minimize the negative impact of their actions, but also we will be able to make more informed decisions about our own positions and decide about the types of actions we can take to protect biodiversity

4 Systems and Interactions Big Ideas: Biodiversity includes diversity of individuals, species, and ecosystems. Sustainability and Stewardship Big Ideas: Classification of the components within a diverse system is a beginning point for understanding the interrelationships among the components. (in other words we must study the parts in order to understand the whole ) Because all living things are connected, maintaining diversity is critical to the health of the planet. Humans make choices that can have an impact on biodiversity.

5 VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS ON EARTH Biodiversity includes diversity of i) individuals ii) species iii) ecosystems Maintaining diversity is critical to the health of the planet because of interdependence Humans make choices in their daily lives and habits that have an impact on biodiversity (i.e. use of pesticides) Within a species, diversity in genes and environment can cause differences in appearance and behaviour even within a species no two organisms are exactly alike Diversity within species is good because if a disease effects on type, others may resist it Interrelationship of living things within an ecosystem are critical; plants and animals depend on one another in many ways (i.e. plants rely on bees for pollination)

6 BIODIVERSITY There are Seven Characteristics shared by all Living Things Some things have SOME of the characteristics, but not ALL. To be classified as a living thing, an organism must have ALL SEVEN characteristics.

7 Characteristics of living things What does your group think the SEVEN things are??

8 Feeding

9 FEEDING All living organisms need to take substances from their environment to obtain energy, to grow and to stay healthy.

10 Breathing or Respiration

11 BREATHING OR RESPIRATION All living things exchange gases with their environment. Animals take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.

12 Movement

13 MOVING All living organisms have internal movement, which means that they have the ability of moving substances from one part of their body to another. Some living organisms show external movement as well - they can move from place to place by walking, flying or swimming

14 Excretion ya get the drift, right?

15 EXCRETION Excretion is the removal of waste from the body. If this waste was allowed to remain in the body it could be poisonous. Humans produce a liquid waste called urine and a solid waste called feces. We also excrete waste when we breathe out. All living things need to remove waste from their bodies.

16 Growth

17 GROWTH When living things feed they gain energy. Some of this energy is used in growth. Living things become larger and more complicated as they grow.

18 Reproduction

19 REPRODUCTION All living things produce young. Humans make babies, cats produce kittens and pigeons lay eggs. Plants also reproduce. Many make seeds which can germinate and grow into new plants.

20 SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTION SEXUAL Sexual reproduction is a way of reproduction of some animals and plants. Some protists and fungi also reproduce this way. Organisms that reproduce sexually have two different sexes: male and female. Offspring is made by a cell from the male and a cell of the female. Different steps are involved in the process, including fertilization ASEXUAL Asexual reproduction is reproduction without sex. In this form of reproduction, a single organism or cell makes a copy of itself. The genes of the original and its copy will be the same, except for rare mutations. They are clones. The main process of asexual reproduction is mitosis. This type of reproduction is common among some single-cell organisms, for example, amoeba. Many plants also reproduce asexually.

21 Sensitivity

22 SENSITIVITY Living things react to changes around them. This includes reacting or being sensitive to touch, light, smell, movement, vibrations, heat, cold and sound Blinking, shivering, sneezing, goosebumps are all examples of reactions to sensitivity

THERE ARE FIVE KINGDOMS OF ALL LIVING THINGS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Seriously?

23 THERE ARE FIVE KINGDOMS OF ALL LIVING THINGS Seriously? You think I am just going to give them to you without making you THINK???? Really?

24 Plants

26 Animals

27 Fungi

28 Protista

29 Monera

30 The Animal Kingdom is divided into:

31 Vertebrates are animals that have a Invertebrates are animals that do NOT have a

limbs (arms/legs) Marine Mammals Animals which grow in and live in the water Some only have

32 VERTEBRATES Animals with backbones Mammals Mother feeds young with milk Skin covered by hair/fur Breathe air Give birth to fully formed young Warm Blooded Land Mammals (Mammalia) Outer Ears Four limbs (arms/legs) Marine Mammals Animals which grow in and live in the water Some only have sparse coverings of hair Flying Mammals Use ecolocation Nocturnal Roost in trees or caves or under rocks

Vertebrates (Mammalia) Outer Ears Four limbs (arms/legs)

Well developed hands/feet with fingers and toes Can judge

33 Vertebrates (Mammalia) Outer Ears Four limbs (arms/legs) Marsupials Care for and feed young in a pouch Primates Well developed hands/feet with fingers and toes Can judge distance Very intelligent Social animals that form bonds with family and friends. Rodents Gnawing animal Large incisor teeth (two pairs) use like chisels to gnaw on hard foods.

34 Vertebrates Fish Scales on their bodies Have fins and tails with scales Use gills for breathing Breathe under water Lay eggs in water Cold blooded

35 Vertebrates Reptiles Dry scaly skin Lays eggs with leathery shell on dry land Breathes air Cold blooded

36 Vertebrates Birds (Aves) Have feathers Have two wings Have beaks Have claws Lay eggs that have hard shells Are warm blooded

37 Vertebrates Amphibians Moist Slippery skin Coated in jelly like substance Young live in water but adults live on land Smooth, wet, slimy skin Lay eggs Cold blooded

different mechanisms for generating heat (sunning

38 WARM BLOODED ANIMALS = ENDTHERMIC COLD BLOODED ANIMALS = ECTOTHERMIC Cold blooded animals have different mechanisms for generating heat (sunning themselves on rocks, burrowing under the sane, muscle vibrations, etc.)

39 INVERTEBRATES Animals without backbones

40 What does it mean to classify? Why do we do it? We classify into groups in order to make things easier to understand and compare

It was developed by a biologist named CAROLUS LINNAEUS in the 1700s

41 All living things are grouped into the first level of classification known as a KINGDOM This classification system is known as TAXONOMY. It was developed by a biologist named CAROLUS LINNAEUS in the 1700s Taxonomy is based on the STRUCTURES of the organisms which DO NOT CHANGE DIFFERENT. BUT THE SAME

42 In your group, list all the things that you can think of that we sort

43 Scientists use a 7 level classification system to organize all living things into groups. The names of these groups are in Latin Organisms with similar body structures (skeletal and cellular) are placed into the same group. (why wouldn t we base divisions on something like fur colour?)

44 VERY GENERAL INCREASINGLY SPECIFIC VERY SPECIFIC

45 KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES

46 PRODUCERS Plants Produce own food through PHOTOSYNTHESIS CONSUMERS Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores

47 Interdependence Interdependence is the idea that everything in nature is connected to everything else; what happens to one plant or animal also affects other plants and animals.

48 An example of interdependence is a food chain. In a food chain all organisms are essential to the survival of the others. Food chains always begin with plants because they create their own food through the process of photosynthesis (they are known as producers). Herbivores, carnivores and omnivores are all known as consumers because they cannot produce their own energy. The difference is that herbivores only eat plants, whereas carnivores only eat meat and omnivores eat both meat and plant matter. The final link in the food chain consists of decomposers, which are bacteria that break down dead organic matter. The following diagram is a linear representation of a food chain

49 Squirrel Tag pp of Student Text Variety of Life

51 List as many things as you can think of that threaten biodiversity on our planet. Is there a connection?

53 Bill Nye Biodiversity Full Episode

54 FOOD CHAINS ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS/BIOMES 5 KINGDOMS KINGDOMS DISCOVERY FOOD WEBS BILL NYE m COOL ANIMAL VIDEOS EARTHWEEK NEWSREPORTER

Classification of organisms. The grouping of objects or information based on similarities Taxonomy: branch of biology that classifies organisms

Classification of organisms. The grouping of objects or information based on similarities Taxonomy: branch of biology that classifies organisms Bell Work: Think about your CD, video game, DVD or book collection at home. How would you separate this collection into different groups? What would the groups be? Try to come up with 4 or 5. Classification