Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Practice Test Name

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1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Practice Test Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which H+ has just passed through the inner mitochondrial membrane by diffusion? A) hydrogen ion A B) hydrogen ion B C) hydrogen ion C D) hydrogen ion D 2) After glycolysis but before the citric acid cycle, A) pyruvate is oxidized. B) a carbon atom is added to pyruvate to make a four-carbon compound. C) coenzyme A is cleaved off pyruvate. D) glucose is split, producing two molecules of pyruvate. 3) The conversion of CO2 and H2O into organic compounds using energy from light is called A) glycolysis. B) photosynthesis. C) fermentation. D) cellular respiration. 4) During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place? A) glycolysis B) the citric acid cycle C) oxidative phosphorylation D) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle 5) The end products of glycolysis include A) NADH. B) acetyl CoA. C) citric acid. D) O2.

2 6) Arsenic is a poison that binds to a molecule needed to build acetyl CoA. Based on this information, which part of cellular respiration would be stopped if arsenic were ingested? A) glycolysis B) citric acid cycle C) electron transport chain D) ATP synthase 7) If you expose a photosynthesizing plant to water that contains both radioactive H and radioactive O, in which of the products of photosynthesis will the radioactive H and O show up? A) H and O both in glucose B) H in glucose; O in water C) H in water; O in glucose D) H in glucose and water; O in O2 8) Which of the following statements concerning the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true? A) Photosynthesis involves only reductions, whereas respiration involves only oxidations. B) Photosynthesis involves only oxidations, whereas respiration involves only reductions. C) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is oxidized to form sugar, whereas in respiration, sugar is reduced to form carbon dioxide. D) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced to form sugar, whereas in respiration, sugar is oxidized to form carbon dioxide. 9) When an organism such as a yeast lives by fermentation, it converts the pyruvate from glycolysis into a different compound, such as alcohol. Why doesn't it secrete the pyruvate directly? A) The conversion yields 32 ATP per pyruvate molecule. B) The conversion yields one NADH per pyruvate molecule. C) The conversion is needed to regenerate the molecules needed for glycolysis. D) A buildup of pyruvate in the surrounding environment would be too toxic. 10) Which of the following statements comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration is false? A) ATP is not produced during photosynthesis; it is produced only during cellular respiration. B) Photosynthesis is ultimately powered by light energy and respiration by the chemical energy of fuel molecules. C) Photosynthesis consumes CO2; respiration consumes O2. D) Photosynthesis produces O2; respiration produces CO2. 11) The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the A) cytoplasm. B) outer mitochondrial membrane. C) nucleus. D) matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. 12) Which of the following statements about the inner mitochondrial membrane is false? A) ATP synthase is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. B) The inner mitochondrial membrane plays a role in the production of pyruvate. C) Electron carriers are found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. D) A gradient of H+ exists across the inner mitochondrial membrane. 13) Many of the regions of the world where hunger is prevalent are also regions with hot and dry climates. What types of agricultural crops would you suggest that these regions attempt to grow?

3 A) C3 plants, such as wheat and rice B) C3 plants and C4 plants, such as corn and sugarcane C) C3 plants and CAM plants, such as prickly pear and pineapple D) C4 plants and CAM plants 14) During redox reactions, A) the loss of electrons from one substance is called reduction. B) a substance that gains electrons is said to be oxidized. C) electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance. D) protons from one molecule replace the electrons lost from another molecule. 15) In most green plants, chloroplasts are A) concentrated in a zone of leaf tissue called the mesophyll. B) concentrated in a portion of the leaf called the stroma. C) evenly distributed throughout the leaf tissue. D) evenly distributed throughout the entire plant. 16) As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, A) NADPH is reduced to NADP+. B) NADPH is oxidized to NADP+. C) NADP+ is reduced to NADPH. D) NADP+ is oxidized to NADPH. 17) The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from A) water. B) glucose. C) carbon dioxide. D) chlorophyll. 18) Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called A) cristae. B) stomata. C) grana. D) vacuoles. 19) Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides. Rotenone binds tightly with one of the electron carrier molecules in the electron transport chain, preventing electrons from passing to the next carrier molecule. Insects exposed to rotenone will die because A) they will no longer be able to perform anaerobic respiration. B) high levels of fermentation products will build up in their bodies. C) they will no longer be able to produce adequate amounts of ATP. D) they will no longer be able to absorb water and will become dehydrated. 20) Which of the following are products of cellular respiration? A) oxygen and carbon dioxide B) energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide C) oxygen and glucose D) oxygen and energy to make ATP 21) Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true? A) Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, and cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.

4 B) Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria, and cellular respiration occurs in chloroplasts. C) Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria and in chloroplasts. D) Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria and in chloroplasts. 22) Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? A) production of CO2 B) conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds C) a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule D) conversion of NADH to NAD+ 23) According to this figure, how do hydrogen ions make their way from the stroma to the thylakoid interior? A) through photosystem I B) through an electron transport chain molecule C) through the ATP synthase D) directly through the phospholipids of the thylakoid membrane 24) Which of the following are produced during the Calvin cycle? A) glucose, ADP, NADP+ B) glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2 C) ATP, NADPH, O2 D) ATP, NADPH, CO2 25) Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement. They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. The most likely explanation is that A) the mixture needs more sugar because yeast need a lot of energy before they can begin to produce alcohol. B) the mixture needs less oxygen because yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen. C) the mixture needs more oxygen because yeast need oxygen to break down sugar and get enough energy to produce alcohol.

5 D) the yeast used the alcohol as a carbon source. 26) By-products of cellular respiration include A) oxygen and heat. B) carbon dioxide and water. C) FADH2 and NADH. D) NADH and ATP. 27) CO2 enters and O2 escapes from a leaf via A) stomata. B) thylakoids. C) grana. D) stroma. 28) Plant cells A) lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. B) lack mitochondria but have chloroplasts. C) have mitochondria but do not have chloroplasts. D) have mitochondria and chloroplasts. 29) Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis? A) glucose, ADP, NADP+ B) glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2 C) ADP, NADP+, O2 D) ATP, NADPH, O2 30) As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of ATP(s). A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 36 31) The antibiotic oligomycin works by inhibiting ATP synthase. You would expect that A) there will be an increase in ATP production. B) H+ will accumulate in the intermembrane space. C) H+ will accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix. D) NAD+ and FAD will pick up the extra H+. 32) Which of the following statements regarding the movement of electrons during cellular respiration is true? A) Electrons tend to move away from O2. B) O2 is eventually oxidized by the electrons to form water. C) The electrons release large amounts of energy each time they are transferred from one molecule to another. D) O2 is reduced when it accepts electrons and forms water. 33) Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false? A) Cellular respiration is a single chemical reaction with just one step. B) Cellular respiration produces water. C) Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide. D) Cellular respiration releases heat.

6 34) In chloroplasts, ATP synthase A) catalyzes the Calvin cycle. B) phosphorylates ADP to ATP. C) is found in the stroma. D) helps produce the concentration gradient of H+. 35) The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem II are replaced by electrons from A) CO2. B) ATP. C) H2O. D) photosystem I. 36) The ultimate source of all the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe is A) cellular respiration. B) photosynthesis. C) glycolysis. D) anaerobic metabolism. 37) Mitochondria transfer energy from to ATP; chloroplasts transform energy into the chemical energy of ATP. A) chemical; food; light B) food; light; chemical C) light; food; kinetic D) food; light; nuclear 38) Put the following steps of the Calvin cycle in the correct order: 1. Carbon fixation 2. Regeneration of RuBP 3. Release of G3P 4. Reduction A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 3, 4, 2 C) 1, 4, 3, 2 D) 4, 1, 2, 3 39) Photophosphorylation during photosynthesis differs from oxidative phosphorylation during cellular respiration in that A) it involves an electron transport chain. B) energy is stored in the form of a proton (H+) concentration difference. C) generation of ATP is driven by a flow of protons (H+) through ATP synthase. D) the final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen. 40) Which of the following options lists the stages in cellular respiration in the correct order? A) glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation B) glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the citric acid cycle C) the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis D) oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and the citric acid cycle ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 41) a. Explain how the metabolic processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis recycle

7 oxygen. b. Describe how the process of cellular respiration changes when there is an absence of oxygen.