M.Sc. Botany (Previous ) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY First Year

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1 1 ( DBOT 01 ) M.Sc. Botany (Previous ) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY First Year Paper I BIOLOGY AND DIVERSITY OF ALGAE, BRYOPHYTES, PTERIDOPHYTES AND GYMNOSPERMS Answer ALL questions from Section B. 1. Akinetes. 2. Cystocarp. 3. Antheridiophore. 4. Gemmae cups. 5. Lepidodendrow. 6. Heferospory. 7. Bennetititales. 8. Classification of fossil Gymnosperms. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks ) 9. (a) Write an account on the economic importance of algae. (b) Describe the reproduction and life cycles in phaeophyta. 10. (a) Describe the process of reproduction and life cycles of Anthocerotophida and has do you enumerate that Anthocerotopsida is evolved over Hepaticopsida. (b) Describe the evolution of sporophyte in bryophytes. 11. (a) Describe the development of stele in pteridophytes. (b) What are the characters of sphaenopsida and how sphaenopsida is more evolved over Lycopsida. 12. (a) Describe the cones of coniferales and enumerate the development of male gametophytes in coniferales. (b) Write an account on the classification of living Gymnosperms and also economic uses of gymnosperms.

2 2 M.Sc. Botany (Previous ) DEGRE EXAMINATION,MAY Paper II SYSTEMATICS OF ANGIOSPERMS AND PLANT ECOLOGY ( DBOT 02 ) Also answer ALL questions from Section B. 1. Linnaeus system of classification. 2. Merits and demerits of Hutchinson system of classification. 3. Infraspecific categories. 4. Geography in relation to taxonomy. 5. Homeostasis. 6. Hydrological cycle. 7. Alternate energy. 8. Continental drift. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks ) 9. (a) Describe the plant distribution in the past and present. (b) Bring out the salient features in Takhtajan system of classification. Add a note on its merits and demerits. 10. (a) Write an essay on plant nomenclature. (b) What is phytochemistry? What are its contributions in resolving taxonomic disputes? 11. (a) Describe food chain and energy flow. (b) Give an account of biogeochemical cycles with special reference to carbon and nitrogen. 12. (a) Write an essay on environmental pollution. (b) Enumerate the principles of plant geography.

3 3 ( DBOT 03 ) M.Sc. Botany (Previous ) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper III CYTOLOGY, GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING Answer ALL questions from Section B. 1. Eu - and heterochromatin. 2. Prokaryotic cell. 3. Lamp brush chromosomes. 4. Autopolyploids 5. Induced mutations. 6. Chi-square test. 7. Back cross method. 8. Clonal selection. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks) 9. (a) Describe cell cycle in eukaryotes. (b) Write an elaborate essay on Karyotype analysis. 10. (a) Give an account of structural variations in chromosomes. (b) Describe briefly the evolution of major crop plants. 11. (a) Describe the sex determination mechanism in plants and animals. (b) Write an essay on cytoplasmic inheritance. 12. (a) Give a brief account of plant introduction. (b) Describe pure line selection and compare it with mass selection.

4 4 ( DBOT 04 ) M.Sc. Botany (Previous ) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper IV PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM Also answer ALL questions from Section B. 1. Components of water potential. 2. Channel proteins. 3. Enzyme inhibition. 4. Link reaction. 5. Transamination. 6. Properties of Fats. 7. Phytochrome. 8. Heat shock proteins. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks) 9. (a) Give an account of the various theories proposed for the 'Ascent of sap'. (b) How does active and passive absorption of salts differs? Explain the mechanism of salt absorption in plants. 10. (a) What is photophosphorylation? How does it differ from oxidative phosphorylation? Explain the mechanism of Photophosphorylation. (b) Give an account of Pentose phosphate pathway. How does it differ from glycolytic pathway? What is the metabolic significance of pentose phosphate pathway. 11. (a) What is nitrogen fixation? Explain the symbiotic nitrogen fixation in plants. (b) Give an account of and oxidation of fatty scids. 12. (a) Write an account of the application of growth regulators in horticulture and Agriculture. (b) Describe the various theories proposed to explain the flowering mechanism in higher plants.

5 5 ( DBOT 21 ) M.Sc. Botany (Final) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper V DEVELOPMENT BIOLOGY OF ANGIOSPERMS AND ETHANOBOTANY Also answer ALL questions from Section B. 1. Structure and function of integumentary tapetum. 2. Anther wall development. 3. Histogen theory. 4. Root-stem transition. 5. Threats to sacred graves. 6. Biodiversity in sacred graves. 7. Scope of Ethnobotany. 8. Phytopharmaceuticals. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks) 9. (a) Give an account of the different types of endosperm development and state its functions. (b) Write an essay on Apomixis its causes and significance. 10. (a) Give an illustrated account of the anamalous secondary growth in monocots. (b) Describe the structure of a node and its phylogenetic significance in tracheophyta. 11. (a) Give a brief account of the history and development of traditional medicine and explain how it helps in the development of alternative medicine. (b) Write an account of the sacred graves of Andhra pradesh. 12. (a) Give an account of the three major medicinal plants of Andhra pradesh you have studied. (b) Phytochemistry is the source of phytomedicine Discuss.

6 6 M.Sc. Botany (Final) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper VI MICROBIOLOGY, MYCOLOGY AND PLANT DISEASES ( DBOT 22 ) Answer any FIVE of the following. All questions carry equal marks. 1. Beregey's classification of bacteria. 2. Phototropic bacteria. 3. General characters of Myxomycotina. 4. Economic importance of fungi. 5. Phytoauxins. 6. Plant disease forecasting. 7. Blast disease of rice 8. Biological control of plant diseases. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks) Answer ALL questions. 9. (a) Describe the nutritional types of bacteria. (b) Describe the characters of Viruses and how they are transmitted in the plants. 10 (a) Describe the process of cultivation of Mushrooms. (b) Describe the characters of Ascomycotina and how they are evolved over Myxomycotina. 11. (a) Describe the physiological changes in the plant diseases and also the role of toxons in pathogenesis. (b) What are the symptoms caused by plant pathogenic bacteria and viruses? 12. (a) Describe the symptoms, etiology, epidemiology and control of disease in Rust of ground nut. (b) Write an account on Tobacco mosaic disease and Citrus canker.

7 7 ( DBOT 23 ) M.Sc. Botany (Final) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper VII CELL BIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Answer any FIVE of the following. All questions carry equal marks. 1. Principles of light Microscopy. 2. IS elements. 3. Fluid mosaic model. 4. Lysosomes. 5. Hershey and Chase experiment. 6. Overlapping genes. 7. DNA polymerases of E.coli. 8. Frame shift mutations. SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 marks ) Answer ALL the following. 9. (a) Explain the structure and functions of different membrane systems of chloroplast. (b) Role of vacuoles in plants. 10. (a) What are G proteins? What is their structure and explain their role in Signal transduction. (b) What is Apoptosis? What are the major sequential changes takes place during Apoptosis? 11. (a) Differentiate between the two methods of recombination in bacteria-conjugation and Transduction. (b) Explain the evolution of Gene concept. 12. (a) Give an account of DNA repair mechanisms. (b) Explain how genes are regulated in eukaryotes.

8 8 ( DBOT 24 ) M.Sc. Botany (Final) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY Paper VIII PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Answer any FIVE of the following. All questions carry equal marks. 1. Meristem culture and its importance. 2. Tissue culture cycle. 3. Biotransformation. 4. Plating efficiency. 5. Southern Blotting. 6. Thermal cycle. 7. RAPD 8. GUS SECTION B - ( 4 X 15 = 60 ) Answer FOUR of the following. 9. (a) Giving suitable examples, discuss the applications of Plant Tissue Culture. (b) Describe the various types of tissue and organ cultures and their specific uses. 10. (a) Explain how are Synthetic Seeds produced? What is their importance? (b) Describe the methodology of establishing Cell Suspension Culture. How is it advantageous over callus culture? 11 (a) Explain the method of construction of cdna Libraries. (b) What is PCR? Discuss the role of various factors influencing DNA amplification through PCR. 12. (a) Explain the process of Agrobacterium - mediated gene transfer. (b) Discuss the role of Transgenic plants in Agriculture and Industry.

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