BELL RINGER QUICK REVIEW. What is the difference between an autotroph and heterotroph? List 4 abiotic factors in plant growth.

Transcription

1 BELL RINGER QUICK REVIEW What is the difference between an autotroph and heterotroph? List 4 abiotic factors in plant growth.

2 Chapter 2-1 Principles of Ecology

3 THE STUDENT WILL: SWBAT Distinguish between and give an example of an autotroph and a heterotroph. What is the main role of decomposers in the ecosystem? How is the flow of nutrients different from the flow of energy? Identify an abiotic factor that affects plant growth. Name one of the three types of symbiosis and give an example. Draw and label an ecological pyramid with three trophic levels. Identify and describe the role of limiting factors within a population and what would occur if there were none.

4 SWBAT SCALE 4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT s 3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT 2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT s with teacher help 1: I understand a little of the SWBAT s but need teacher help 0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT s and need help!

5 POPULATION DENSITY Population Ecology Video

6 POPULATION DENSITY The total number of individuals living in a specific area Example person/km2

7 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION Randomly ex. Deer in the woods Clumps ex. Elk on Highway 52 Uniformly ex. Birds on a wire

8 2. GAINS AND LOSSES IN POPULATION SIZE a. Immigration- Organisms that move into a population b. Emigration- Organisms that move out of a population c. Mortality-similar to death rate; the number of organisms that have died d. Natality- birth of organisms

9 3. GROWTH Exponential growth Amount of time it takes for a population to double in size J-Curve Bacterial Growth

10 4. R/K SELECTED SPECIES a. R selected many babies for chance of survival Little parental care Insects, plants, fish K selected few babies Parental care investment Humans, large animals & primates

11 5. BIOTIC POTENTIAL a. The rate at which a population could grow if nothing was holding it back, no limits b. No limiting factors (space, light,water, nutrients, and shelter)

12 6. Carrying Capacity maximum # of individuals of a special (population) that a given environment can sustain. 7. Population Growth Maximum growth rate x number of organisms x Proportion of resources left 8. Density Dependent Control factors that come into effect with population size. Populations will grow to their capacity but they are dependent on outside factors (food, water, space, sunlight)

13 Do the Pizza Lab Activity-2016 located on my website. Use these notes to help you answer the questions.

14 Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Ecology-Rules For Living On Earth Video

15 Organisms and Their Environment 9. What is Ecology? - Scientific study of Interactions among organisms and their environments. *reveals relationships among living/non-living

16 Aspects of Ecological Study 10. Biosphere- portion of Earth that supports life

17 11a. Abiotic factors- non-living parts of an organisms environment. *Often determine which species survive in a particular environment. Ex: Drought 11b. Biotic factors- living organisms that inhabit an environment.

18 12. Levels of Organization in Ecology a. Organism - individual b. Population - Group of organisms of one species in the same place at a given time

19 c. Communities - group of interacting populations d. Ecosystems - Communities and surrounding abiotic factors 1) Terrestrial - land 2) Aquatic - a) Freshwater b) Saltwater e. Biosphere - all ecosystems

20 13. Organisms in Ecosystems a. Habitat - place where an organism lives out its life b. Niche - role a species plays in its environment *food it eats, shelter it uses, how it survives and reproduces

21 Communities Community: All of the living things in an area that depend upon each other. Example: Pond Community. Habitat: The place where a plant or animal lives. Example: Squirrel lives in several different trees in the forest, skunk lives in a single hollow log. Niche: An organisms role in the community. Example: Most green plants convert sunlight into energy and release oxygen. Other animals are dependent on the plants for survival. VERY important.

22 Do the Lesson of the Kaibab Deer Activity located on my website When you finish go on to the next slides

23 14. Symbiosis - Living Together a. Commensalism - One species benefit, other is neither harmed or benefited b. Mutualism - Both species benefit c. Parasitism - One organism derives benefits at the expense of the other.

24 COMMENSALISMS A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one benefits while the other is unaffected.

25 MUTUALISM An interaction between two or more species in which both species benefit from the other.

26 PARASITISM A symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives off of the other organism, but does not kill it. parasites

27 INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION Introduction: Inter-specific competition refers to the competition between two or more species for some limiting resource. This limiting resource can be food or nutrients, space, mates, nesting sites-- anything for which demand is greater than supply. A lion fending off a hyena for food.

28 PREDATION A predator is an animal or other organism that hunts and kills other organisms, called prey, for food in an act called predation. Battle at Kruger

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30 QUICK REVIEW 1. List 2 ways a population can decrease. 2. List 4 limiting factors. 3. Differentiate between biotic potential and carrying capacity. 4. What are the 5 levels of organization in an ecosystem? 5. List the 3 types and give examples of symbiosis.

31 THE STUDENT WILL: SWBAT Distinguish between and give an example of an autotroph and a heterotroph. What is the main role of decomposers in the ecosystem? How is the flow of nutrients different from the flow of energy? Identify an abiotic factor that affects plant growth. Name one of the three types of symbiosis and give an example. Draw and label an ecological pyramid with three trophic levels. Identify and describe the role of limiting factors within a population and what would occur if there were none.

32 SWBAT SCALE 4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT s 3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT 2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT s with teacher help 1: I understand a little of the SWBAT s but need teacher help 0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT s and need help!

33 Homework: Do the Symbiosis Webquest 2017 located on my website and in your packet. Note that this link may be different than your packet pages but this one is the updated version.