How related are organisms?
|
|
- Andra Sharp
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Evolution and Classification of Species Darwin argued for adaptive radiation in which demes spread out in a given environment and evolved How related are organisms? Taonomy the science of classifying organisms into different categories according to their relationships and ordering them into hierarchies 1
2 Human Taonomy Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Subspecies Eukaryota (nucleus in cell) Animalia (multi-celled; heterotroph) Chordata (backbone [mostly]) Mammalia (live young; warm-blooded) Primates (prosimians & simians) Hominidae (humans and great apes) Homo (humans and related ancestors) sapiens (all humans) sapiens (modern humans) Species A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Members of one species are reproductively isolated from members of all other species A bunch of -enys Phylogeny the relatedness of various groups of organisms. It includes the evolutionary history of an organism Ontogeny the development of an organism from fertilized egg to mature form 2
3 Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny Humans Major features: 1. Large brain 2. Non-honing chewing 3. Speech. Bipedalism 1 Problems with species This does not happen with comple organisms Anagenesis - where a single species eists at any given point in time but evolves over a period of time. This is straight-line evolution. Species 1???? Species 2 3
4 Cladogenesis It involves the formation of one or more new species (speciation) that branch from an original species. also called divergent evolution Species 1 Species 1??? Species 2 Genetic Divergence Mutation, genetic drift, and natural selection will produce genetic divergence. Time Slide 3 Mules are the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
5 Slide 5 a hinny! Male horse and female donkey 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Zedonk Semi-species Horses and donkeys can breed, but their offspring is sterile. Horses and donkeys are therefore separate species. The concept of semi-species has been suggested for populations that are only partially isolated from each other reproductively. 5
6 today 2 species 50,000 years ago semi-species 100,000 years ago one species Hu-anderthal? We have found remains of humans with very strong Neanderthal-like traits from around 30,000 years ago 6
7 What we have to work with Evolution...fast or slow? stasis change change time time gradualism punctuated equilibrium The Death of Species More than 99% of all species that have ever eisted have become etinct. Permian etinction 251 million years ago 96% of land species die Cretaceous etinction 65 million years ago dinosaur etinction gives rise to mammals Mass etinction 7
8 doh! ok so... species evolve species adapt species die Classification of Species Biological classification reflects certain common characteristics between organisms. We have to distinguish between shared ancestry and coincidence 8
9 Analogy (homoplasy) Superficial similarity due to the independent evolution of the same trait (s) in both species. Types of Homoplasy Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits in more distantly related species (i.e., evolution of flight in birds and flies). Parallel evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits in closely related species (i.e., increase in dental size among early human ancestors). Homology Homology refers to similarity due to descent from a common ancestor. Animals may use their anatomical features for different purposes i.e., whale, bird, and humans have similar limb bones. 9
10 Homologous traits Primitive traits are those that are inherited from an earlier form. Homologous traits Derived traits are those that have changes from an ancestral state. Primitive & Derived Traits The concept of primitive and derived traits is relative. What might be considered primitive at one level of comparison might be considered a derived trait at another level. Monkey (has tail) Primitive Reptile (has tail) Gorilla (has no tail) Derived Monkey (has tail) 10
11 Classification of Species Cladistics Looks at only shared derived traits and classifies organisms based solely on their evolutionary relationship (shared / derived traits only) Which of these species are the most closely related? Baboons Projecting face Large canines Supraorbital bar Tail Narrow thora Chimpanzees Projecting face Large canines Supraorbital bar No Tail Wide thora Humans No facial projection Small canines No supraorbital bar No Tail Wide thora Which of these species are the most closely related? Baboons Projecting face Large canines Supraorbital bar Tail Narrow thora Chimpanzees Projecting face Large canines Supraorbital bar No Tail Wide thora Humans No facial projection Small canines No supraorbital bar No Tail Wide thora Primitive (ancestral) conditions 11
12 Parsimony things are usually connected in the most economical way traits are more likely to have evolved once Lungs Full body hair Legs Mammary glands Cat Dog Salama nder Cladistics What if we add a fish? Lungs Hair Legs Gland s no no no no Species diversity Ancestral species Time 12
13 Speciation Species diversity Time Species diversity Clade Time Species diversity Haplorhine Ancestor Monkeys and Apes Tarsiers Time 13
14 The reality of the fossil record Species diversity Fossil species Monkeys and Apes Tarsiers Time Modern species 1
How Biological Diversity Evolves
CHAPTER 14 How Biological Diversity Evolves PowerPoint Lectures for Essential Biology, Third Edition Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon Essential Biology with Physiology, Second Edition Neil Campbell,
More informationPhylogeny 9/8/2014. Evolutionary Relationships. Data Supporting Phylogeny. Chapter 26
Phylogeny Chapter 26 Taxonomy Taxonomy: ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarities and differences Carolus Linnaeus developed binomial nomenclature,
More informationClassification and Phylogeny
Classification and Phylogeny The diversity of life is great. To communicate about it, there must be a scheme for organization. There are many species that would be difficult to organize without a scheme
More informationClassification and Phylogeny
Classification and Phylogeny The diversity it of life is great. To communicate about it, there must be a scheme for organization. There are many species that would be difficult to organize without a scheme
More informationHUMAN EVOLUTION. Where did we come from?
HUMAN EVOLUTION Where did we come from? www.christs.cam.ac.uk/darwin200 Darwin & Human evolution Darwin was very aware of the implications his theory had for humans. He saw monkeys during the Beagle voyage
More informationCHAPTER 26 PHYLOGENY AND THE TREE OF LIFE Connecting Classification to Phylogeny
CHAPTER 26 PHYLOGENY AND THE TREE OF LIFE Connecting Classification to Phylogeny To trace phylogeny or the evolutionary history of life, biologists use evidence from paleontology, molecular data, comparative
More informationConcept Modern Taxonomy reflects evolutionary history.
Concept 15.4 Modern Taxonomy reflects evolutionary history. What is Taxonomy: identification, naming, and classification of species. Common Names: can cause confusion - May refer to several species (ex.
More informationClassification Revision Pack (B2)
Grouping Organisms: All organisms (living things) are classified into a number of different groups. The first, most broad group is a kingdom. The last, most selective group is a species there are fewer
More informationChapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life
Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life Biologists estimate that there are about 5 to 100 million species of organisms living on Earth today. Evidence from morphological, biochemical, and gene sequence
More informationAny evidence of an organism that lived long ago. Sedimentary. Relative Dating. Absolute Dating
A fossil is: Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago Sedimentary Rock Almost all fossils are found in How do scientists determine the age of fossils? Relative Dating Absolute Dating The deeper
More informationThe Theory of Evolution
Name Date Class CHAPTER 13 DIRECTED READING The Theory of Evolution Section 13-1: The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution Mark each statement below T if it
More informationWeek 7.2 Ch 4 Microevolutionary Proceses
Week 7.2 Ch 4 Microevolutionary Proceses 1 Mendelian Traits vs Polygenic Traits Mendelian -discrete -single gene determines effect -rarely influenced by environment Polygenic: -continuous -multiple genes
More informationTheory a well supported testable explanation of phenomenon occurring in the natural world.
Evolution Theory of Evolution Theory a well supported testable explanation of phenomenon occurring in the natural world. Evolution the process by which modern organisms changed over time from ancient common
More informationLab 2A--Life on Earth
Lab 2A--Life on Earth Geology 1402 Chapters 3 & 7 in the textbook 1 A comment Many people including professional scientist are skeptical of evolution or outright reject it. I am not attempting to change
More informationThe Living Environment Unit 4 History of Biologic Diversity Unit 15 Evolution: (15.2) Evidence of Evolution-class key. Name: Class key.
Name: Class key Period: Topic 15.2 assignments Pages/Sections Date Assigned Date Due Topic: Evidence for Evolution Objective: What scientific evidence supports evolution theory? Evidence supporting evolution
More informationEvolution Unit: What is Evolution?
Evolution Unit: What is Evolution? What is The Theory of Evolution? Evolution is, a change (in the genetic composition) of a population over time. on a larger scale, the entire biological history, from
More informationChapter 16: Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies
Chapter Review 1. Use the phylogenetic tree shown at the right to complete the following. a. Explain how many clades are indicated: Three: (1) chimpanzee/human, (2) chimpanzee/ human/gorilla, and (3)chimpanzee/human/
More informationFace area (cm 2 ) Brain surface area (cm 2 ) Cranial capacity (cm 3 ) 1, Jaw Angle ( º )
Honors Biology Test : Evolution GOOD LUCK! You ve learned so much! Multiple Choice: Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (2 pts each) 1. As we move through the
More informationBiological basis of life and Mendel
Biological basis of life and Mendel 1 Take home quiz How it works -Friday, June 30 at 5pm the quiz will be emailed and available on the course website DUE DATE: Sunday, July 2 at midnight -students must
More informationAdaptation. Adaptation describes any trait that enhances an organisms fitness or increases its chance of survival.
Adaptation Adaptation describes any trait that enhances an organisms fitness or increases its chance of survival. While adaptations are products of natural selection, variations within a species are the
More informationCLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS. Chapter 18
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS Chapter 18 How many species are there? About 1.8 million species have been given scientific names Nearly 2/3 of which are insects 99% of all known animal species are smaller
More informationSPECIATION. REPRODUCTIVE BARRIERS PREZYGOTIC: Barriers that prevent fertilization. Habitat isolation Populations can t get together
SPECIATION Origin of new species=speciation -Process by which one species splits into two or more species, accounts for both the unity and diversity of life SPECIES BIOLOGICAL CONCEPT Population or groups
More informationEvolution and Taxonomy Laboratory
Evolution and Taxonomy Laboratory 1 Introduction Evolution refers to the process by which forms of life have changed through time by what is described as descent with modification. Evolution explains the
More informationHow should we organize the diversity of animal life?
How should we organize the diversity of animal life? The difference between Taxonomy Linneaus, and Cladistics Darwin What are phylogenies? How do we read them? How do we estimate them? Classification (Taxonomy)
More informationOrganizing Life s Diversity
17 Organizing Life s Diversity section 2 Modern Classification Classification systems have changed over time as information has increased. What You ll Learn species concepts methods to reveal phylogeny
More informationClassification of organisms. The grouping of objects or information based on similarities Taxonomy: branch of biology that classifies organisms
Bell Work: Think about your CD, video game, DVD or book collection at home. How would you separate this collection into different groups? What would the groups be? Try to come up with 4 or 5. Classification
More informationWhat is the purpose of the Classifying System? To allow the accurate identification of a particular organism
What is the purpose of the Classifying System? To allow the accurate identification of a particular organism Taxonomy The practice of classifying organisms -Taxonomy was founded nearly 300 years ago by
More informationNOTES CH 24: The Origin of Species
NOTES CH 24: The Origin of Species Species Hummingbirds of Costa Rica SPECIES: a group of individuals that mate with one another and produce fertile offspring; typically members of a species appear similar
More informationEVOLUTION. Evolution - changes in allele frequency in populations over generations.
EVOLUTION Evolution - changes in allele frequency in populations over generations. Sources of genetic variation: genetic recombination by sexual reproduction (produces new combinations of genes) mutation
More informationThursday, January 14. Teaching Point: SWBAT. assess their knowledge to prepare for the Evolution Summative Assessment. (TOMORROW) Agenda:
Thursday, January 14 Teaching Point: SWBAT. assess their knowledge to prepare for the Evolution Summative Assessment. (TOMORROW) Agenda: 1. Show Hinsz your completed Review WS 2. Discuss answers to Review
More information1.1 Characteristics of Life Block: Date:
Biology 12 Name: 1.1 Characteristics of Life Block: Date: ization of Life (p. 3) Definition Cell Example Blood cell Tissue Muscle tissue Several tissues joined together to form a function system Circulatory
More informationUnderstanding Natural Selection
Understanding Natural Selection Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Sailed around the world 1831-1836 What did Darwin s Travels reveal The diversity of living species was far greater than anyone had previously
More informationPrimate Diversity & Human Evolution (Outline)
Primate Diversity & Human Evolution (Outline) 1. Source of evidence for evolutionary relatedness of organisms 2. Primates features and function 3. Classification of primates and representative species
More information7A Evidence of Evolution
7A Evidence of Evolution Fossil Evidence & Biogeography 7A analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical,
More informationThursday, March 21, 13. Evolution
Evolution What is Evolution? Evolution involves inheritable changes in a population of organisms through time Fundamental to biology and paleontology Paleontology is the study of life history as revealed
More informationEvolution. Changes over Time
Evolution Changes over Time TEKS Students will analyze and evaluate B. 7 C how natural selection produces change in populations, not individuals B. 7 E/F effects of genetic mechanisms and their relationship
More informationThe Theory of Evolution
The Theory of Evolution Matthew Ferry Evolution The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the Earth.
More informationFig. 26.7a. Biodiversity. 1. Course Outline Outcomes Instructors Text Grading. 2. Course Syllabus. Fig. 26.7b Table
Fig. 26.7a Biodiversity 1. Course Outline Outcomes Instructors Text Grading 2. Course Syllabus Fig. 26.7b Table 26.2-1 1 Table 26.2-2 Outline: Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution I. Naming and
More informationLesson Topic Learning Goals
Unit 2: Evolution Part B Lesson Topic Learning Goals 1 Lab Mechanisms of Evolution Cumulative Selection - Be able to describe evolutionary mechanisms such as genetic variations and key factors that lead
More information9.3 Classification. Lesson Objectives. Vocabulary. Introduction. Linnaean Classification
9.3 Classification Lesson Objectives Outline the Linnaean classification, and define binomial nomenclature. Describe phylogenetic classification, and explain how it differs from Linnaean classification.
More informationPHYLOGENY WHAT IS EVOLUTION? 1/22/2018. Change must occur in a population via allele
PHYLOGENY EXERCISE 1 AND 2 WHAT IS EVOLUTION? The theory that all living organisms on earth are related and have a common ancestor. These organism have changed over time and are continuing to change. Changes
More informationClassification, Phylogeny yand Evolutionary History
Classification, Phylogeny yand Evolutionary History The diversity of life is great. To communicate about it, there must be a scheme for organization. There are many species that would be difficult to organize
More informationBio 2 Plant and Animal Biology
Bio 2 Plant and Animal Biology Evolution Evolution as the explanation for life s unity and diversity Darwinian Revolution Two main Points Descent with Modification Natural Selection Biological Species
More informationOutline. Classification of Living Things
Outline Classification of Living Things Chapter 20 Mader: Biology 8th Ed. Taxonomy Binomial System Species Identification Classification Categories Phylogenetic Trees Tracing Phylogeny Cladistic Systematics
More information1. Construct and use dichotomous keys to identify organisms. 2. Define scientific name and the binomial system of nomenclature.
OBJECTIVE SHEET TAXONOMY 1. Construct and use dichotomous keys to identify organisms. 2. Define scientific name and the binomial system of nomenclature. 3. Name and describe the general characteristics
More informationEvolution. Intro to Mechanisms and Evidence
Evolution Intro to Mechanisms and Evidence Discuss these questions with a partner and be able to answer them when called on: Is Natural Selection a random event? Why or why not? What is fitness? Define
More informationBiology 211 (2) Week 1 KEY!
Biology 211 (2) Week 1 KEY Chapter 1 KEY FIGURES: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 VOCABULARY: Adaptation: a trait that increases the fitness Cells: a developed, system bound with a thin outer layer made of
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 9 What is a primate, and why do we study them? Copyright Bruce Owen 2008
Why study non-human primates? Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 9 What is a primate, and why do we study them? Copyright Bruce Owen 2008 They give us clues about human nature and the nature
More informationCh. 15 Evolution. p
Ch. 15 Evolution p. 418-441 15.1 Darwin s Theory of Natural Selection p. 418 422 Essential Question Main Idea! Charles Darwin developed a theory of evolution based on natural selection. What was the primary
More information8/23/2014. Phylogeny and the Tree of Life
Phylogeny and the Tree of Life Chapter 26 Objectives Explain the following characteristics of the Linnaean system of classification: a. binomial nomenclature b. hierarchical classification List the major
More informationEVOLUTION Unit 1 Part 9 (Chapter 24) Activity #13
AP BIOLOGY EVOLUTION Unit 1 Part 9 (Chapter 24) Activity #13 NAME DATE PERIOD SPECIATION SPECIATION Origin of new species SPECIES BIOLOGICAL CONCEPT Population or groups of populations whose members have
More informationClassification of Organisms
Classification of Organisms Main Idea *****Chapter 14***** Students should be able to: * Understand why a classification system is important * Understand that there are a variety of ways to classify organisms
More informationchapter 18 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
chapter 18 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to
More informationDiversity in Living Organism
Diversity in Living Organism Why do we classify organisms? Answer:- There are millions of species on this earth. For anybody, it is impossible to study about each of them in his lifetime. Classification
More informationUnit B1 Influence on Life. (EdExcel)
Unit B1 Influence on Life (EdExcel) Topic 1 - Classification Classification The world is populated by millions of different species of animals and plants Classification How would you construct a key to
More informationSpeciation and Extinction
Speciation and Extinction First, the eyes... (Continuing from yesterday) First, the eyes... Broad Specific Taxonomic Group Humans are in... Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia
More informationHistory of Biological Diversity. Evolution: Darwin s travel
History of Biological Diversity Evolution: Darwin s travel Developing the Theory of Evolution The Galápagos Islands Darwin noticed that the different islands all seemed to have their own, slightly different
More informationChapter 7. Evolution and the Fossil Record
Chapter 7 Evolution and the Fossil Record 1 Guiding Questions What lines of evidence convinced Charles Darwin that organic evolution produced the species of the modern world? What are the two components
More informationClassification. 18a. Lab Exercise. Contents. Introduction. Objectives. 18a
Lab Exercise Classification Contents Objectives 1 Introduction 1 Activity.1 Classification of Organisms 4 Activity.2 Phylogenetic Analysis 5 Resutls Section 7 Objectives - To create a classification of
More informationName Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.
Assessment Chapter Test B Classification of Organisms In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. 1. Archaea 2. Bacteria a. kingdom; includes Euglena
More informationChapter 17A. Table of Contents. Section 1 Categories of Biological Classification. Section 2 How Biologists Classify Organisms
Classification of Organisms Table of Contents Section 1 Categories of Biological Classification Section 1 Categories of Biological Classification Classification Section 1 Categories of Biological Classification
More information6 characteristics blastula
Animals Characteristics The animal kingdom is divided into approximately 35 phyla with diverse species. However, all organisms in the animal kingdom share these 6 characteristics Eukaryotic Lack cell walls
More informationObjectives. Classification. Activity. Scientists classify millions of species
Objectives Classification Notes 8.1 Summarize classification Describe the evidence used to classify organisms. List the seven levels of classification. Describe and list the six kingdoms of living organisms
More informationSection Review. Change Over Time UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS. of evolution? share ancestors? CRITICAL THINKING
Skills Worksheet Section Review Change Over Time UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS 1. Describing What are three lines of evidence that support the theory of evolution? 2. Summarizing What evidence about the ancestors
More informationEvidence of Evolution by Natural Selection. Dodo bird
Evidence of Evolution by Natural Selection Dodo bird 2007-2008 Evidence supporting evolution Fossil record transition species Anatomical record homologous & vestigial structures embryology & development
More informationKingdoms in Eukarya: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia Each Eukarya kingdom has distinguishing characteristics:
NAME pg. 1 Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Eukarya Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primate Hominidae Homo sapiens Mnemonic: DUMB KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SOUP Domain
More informationChapter 19: Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny
Chapter 19: Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny AP Curriculum Alignment Chapter 19 expands on the topics of phylogenies and cladograms, which are important to Big Idea 1. In order for students to understand
More informationEvidence for Evolution
Evidence for Evolution Evolution Biological evolution is descent with modification. It is important to remember that: Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees. Humans and chimpanzees are evolutionary cousins
More informationHow Species Form. 4.3 How Species Form. Reproductive Isolation
4.3 How Species Form In this section, you will: Explain ways in which species can become reproductively isolated Describe how new species form Compare two models that explain the rate of evolution How
More informationHeritability: Natural Selection: Overproduction:
Name: _ Due Date: _ Per: _ Unit 4.1 Study Guide Directions: Complete all sections to the best of your ability. On the day of the Quiz (the due date for this assignment) turn this in with all of your Unit
More informationELE4120 Bioinformatics Tutorial 8
ELE4120 ioinformatics Tutorial 8 ontent lassifying Organisms Systematics and Speciation Taxonomy and phylogenetics Phenetics versus cladistics Phylogenetic trees iological classification Goal: To develop
More information1/27/2010. Systematics and Phylogenetics of the. An Introduction. Taxonomy and Systematics
Systematics and Phylogenetics of the Amphibia: An Introduction Taxonomy and Systematics Taxonomy, the science of describing biodiversity, mainly naming unnamed species, and arranging the diversity into
More informationBiological Evolution. Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection
Biological Evolution Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection 1. Linnaean Classification Major Concepts 2. Fossils 3. Radioactive Dating 4. Fossil Record and Genetic Analysis 5. Theory of Evolution Random,
More information15.3 Darwin Presents his Case. Biology Mr. Hines
15.3 Darwin Presents his Case Biology Mr. Hines Darwin returned to England with a wealth of new data. He brought many specimens from the Galapagos to further his studies and to present his data to others.
More informationName: Class: Date: ID: A
Class: _ Date: _ Ch 17 Practice test 1. A segment of DNA that stores genetic information is called a(n) a. amino acid. b. gene. c. protein. d. intron. 2. In which of the following processes does change
More informationSpeciation and Classification
Speciation and Classification Species- a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring Forming a new species Each population of a single species lives in a different place.
More informationEvolution. Darwin s Voyage
Evolution Darwin s Voyage Charles Darwin Explorer on an observation trip to the Galapagos Islands. He set sail on the HMS Beagle in 1858 from England on a 5 year trip. He was a naturalist (a person who
More informationCLASSIFICATION NOTES
CLASSIFICATION NOTES Classification Classification = arrangement of living things into groups according to their observed similarities. Important because it allows us to be able to study life easier Living
More informationREVIEW 6: EVOLUTION. 1. Define evolution: Was not the first to think of evolution, but he did figure out how it works (mostly).
Name: REVIEW 6: EVOLUTION 1. Define evolution: 2. Modern Theory of Evolution: a. Charles Darwin: Was not the first to think of evolution, but he did figure out how it works (mostly). However, Darwin didn
More information2 Big Challenges of Classification
Classification Classification Classify to group things together based on similarities Why Classify? To make organisms/items easier to identify To make organisms/items easier to compare Allows us to predict
More informationThe Environment and Change Over Time
The Environment and Change Over Time Biological Evidence of Evolution What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column
More informationJurmain et al. Chapter 5 (Pp & ) Processes of Macroevolution
Jurmain et al. Chapter 5 (Pp. 96-101 & 105-117) Processes of Macroevolution Overview This chapter concentrates on macroevolution and the intent of your studying this material is to introduce the basic
More informationHow Biological Diversity Evolves
CHAPTER 14 How Biological Diversity Evolves Figures 14.1 14.7 PowerPoint Lecture Slides for Essential Biology, Second Edition & Essential Biology with Physiology Presentation prepared by Chris C. Romero
More information12.1 The Fossil Record. KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form.
KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form. Fossils can form in several ways. Premineralization occurs when minerals carried by water are deposited around
More informationThe Origin of Species
The Origin of Species Chapter 24 Both in space and time, we seem to be brought somewhere near to that great fact the mystery of mysteries-the first appearance of beings on Earth. Darwin from his diary
More informationBiology Chapter 15 Evolution Notes
Biology Chapter 15 Evolution Notes Section 1: Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Charles Darwin- English naturalist that studied animals over a number of years before developing the theory
More informationCHAPTER 10 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals
CHAPTER 10 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals 10-1 10-2 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Linnaeus and Taxonomy More than 1.5 million species of
More informationDarwin s Observations & Conclusions The Struggle for Existence
Darwin s Observations & Conclusions The Struggle for Existence 1 Voyage of the Beagle During His Travels, Darwin Made Numerous Observations And Collected Evidence That Led Him To Propose A Revolutionary
More informationthebiotutor.com AS Biology Unit 2 Classification, Adaptation & Biodiversity
thebiotutor.com AS Biology Unit 2 Classification, Adaptation & Biodiversity 1 Classification and taxonomy Classification Phylogeny Taxonomy The process of sorting living things into groups. The study of
More informationEvolution and Diversification of Life. Origin and Evolution of. Life. OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2. The Handfish -BBC Blue Planet
Origin and Evolution of Evolution and Diversification of Life Life OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2 The Handfish -BBC Blue Planet Grieg Steward, Professor Department of Oceanography Plankton
More informationUoN, CAS, DBSC BIOL102 lecture notes by: Dr. Mustafa A. Mansi. The Phylogenetic Systematics (Phylogeny and Systematics)
- Phylogeny? - Systematics? The Phylogenetic Systematics (Phylogeny and Systematics) - Phylogenetic systematics? Connection between phylogeny and classification. - Phylogenetic systematics informs the
More informationName Date Class CHAPTER 15. In your textbook, read about developing the theory of natural selection. For each statement below, write true or false.
Name Date Class Study Guide CHAPTER 15 Section 1: Darwin s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection In your textbook, read about developing the theory of natural selection. For each statement below, write
More informationLAB 21: Evolution and Classification
LAB 21: Evolution and Classification Introduction: This lab is an adapted version of one created by Robert P. Gendron of Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Humans classify almost everything, including
More informationAP Biology Review Chapters Review Questions Chapter 15: Darwin Chapter 16-17: Evolution
AP Biology Review Chapters 15-19 Review Questions Chapter 15: Darwin 1. What was the common belief before Darwin? 2. Know the following people and their contributions: Linnaeus, Cuvier, Lamarck, Wallace,
More informationUnfortunately, there are many definitions Biological Species: species defined by Morphological Species (Morphospecies): characterizes species by
1 2 3 4 5 6 Lecture 3: Chapter 27 -- Speciation Macroevolution Macroevolution and Speciation Microevolution Changes in the gene pool over successive generations; deals with alleles and genes Macroevolution
More informationUnit 4 Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16)
Ch. 16 - Evolution Unit 4 Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16) 1. Define Evolution 2. List the major events that led to Charles Darwin s development of his theory of Evolution by means of Natural Selection 3. Summarize
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 11 What is a primate, and why do we study them? Copyright Bruce Owen 2011
Why study non-human primates? Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 11 What is a primate, and why do we study them? Copyright Bruce Owen 2011 They give us clues about human nature and the nature
More informationPhylogenetic Analysis
Phylogenetic Analysis Aristotle Through classification, one might discover the essence and purpose of species. Nelson & Platnick (1981) Systematics and Biogeography Carl Linnaeus Swedish botanist (1700s)
More informationLecture 11 Friday, October 21, 2011
Lecture 11 Friday, October 21, 2011 Phylogenetic tree (phylogeny) Darwin and classification: In the Origin, Darwin said that descent from a common ancestral species could explain why the Linnaean system
More informationPhylogenetic Analysis
Phylogenetic Analysis Aristotle Through classification, one might discover the essence and purpose of species. Nelson & Platnick (1981) Systematics and Biogeography Carl Linnaeus Swedish botanist (1700s)
More information