Chapter 17. Organizing Life's Diversity
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1 Chapter 17 Organizing Life's Diversity
2 Key Concepts: Chapter List the six kingdoms. 2. Our current system of classification was originally based on structures; scientists now base classification on what criteria? 3. List the 7 levels of classification. 4. What levels of taxonomy are used to name an organism in binomial nomenclature? 5. How many choices are at each step in a dichotomous key? 6. What are 2 of the requirements to be considered a species.
3 SWBAT Scale 4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT s 3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT 2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT s with teacher help 1: I understand a little of the SWBAT s but need teacher help 0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT s and need help!
4 1. Watch Video on Classification and answer the questions (a-e) in the packet. Classification of Life Bozeman Science
5 A. How Classification Began 2. Classification - grouping of objects or information based on similarities 3. Taxonomy - branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on characteristics.
6 4. Original organization by Aristotle Plants Animals Herb Shrub Trees Land Air Water *According to this birds, bats, and insects are classified together, they have little in common except they can fly. *As time passed, organisms were discovered that didn't fit into this system.
7 5. Carolus Linnaeus - organized organisms based on physical and structural similarities Organisms that descended from the same ancestor tend to be similar in structure so this system revealed evolutionary relationships.
8 6. Binomial nomenclature - two-word naming system a. Latin is used because it is a "dead" language, therefore it does not change b. Needs to be italicized (if typed) or underlined (if handwritten) c. First word begins with capital letter d. Second word begins with lower-case letter ex. Genus species or Genus species 7. Genus - group of similar species. 8. Species name is usually descriptive, or honors a place or person
9 Taxonomy- the science of classification. (Write this definition down) 9. Why do we classify things? a. Classifying organism helps to study the relationship of organisms. e.g. Birds are related to dinosaurs. b. Classification can help people identify organisms for medical reasons. e.g. Identifying poison ivy or a poisonous snake so medical professionals know how to treat it. c. Classification can help people economically e.g. If one species is economically valuable, a closely related species may also be valuable.
10 10. It is important to use BOTH the genus and species because some organisms have can have the same species name or the same genus name. Ex: Drosophila melanogaster is a fruit fly while Thamnophis melanogaster is a garter snake
11 How Living Things are Classified 1. Kingdom - taxon of similar phyla 2. Phylum - taxon of similar classes (Plants-Divisions) 3. Class - taxon of similar orders 4. Order - taxon of similar families 5. Family - group of similar genera 6. Genus 7. Species
12 How Living Things are Classified 1. Taxa- a category of biological classification 2. Organisms are ranked in broad taxa down to a more specific or narrow taxa. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
13 F. Changing Taxonomy 1. Until a several years ago, most classifications schemes used the 5 kingdom system- Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae, and Monera. Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae Monera 2. Monera is now usually split into two kingdoms- Archaea and Eubacteria. Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae Archaea Eubacteria Kangaroo and eucalyptus pictures by Dr. Gene Bakko, St. Olaf College
14 The 6 Kingdoms Categories for grouping organisms Structural similarities how are its parts similar Breeding behavior how does it mate Geographical distribution where is it found Biochemistry & Chromosome comparison DNA and chromosome # and size
15 The Six Kingdoms of Organisms *distinguished by cellular structure & methods of obtaining energy
16 Key Concepts: Chapter List the six kingdoms. 2. Our current system of classification was originally based on structures; scientists now base classification on what criteria? 3. List the 7 levels of classification. 4. What levels of taxonomy are used to name an organism in binomial nomenclature? 5. How many choices are at each step in a dichotomous key? 6. What are 2 of the requirements to be considered a species.
17 SWBAT Scale 4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT s 3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT 2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT s with teacher help 1: I understand a little of the SWBAT s but need teacher help 0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT s and need help!
18 Now, go to the following link and complete the webquest. This is due at the end of the hour (unless your teacher says otherwise) so work efficiently. Classifying Organisms Webquest If you can t open it from here, go to my website, under Biology A Notes, Unit 3-Classification and look for Classifying Organisms Webquest.
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