LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 1

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1 Name: Select the term that best completes the statement. A. cell division B. chromosomes C. cells D. divides E. centromere F. DNA G. chromatids H. nucleus Date: 1. is the chemical code that contains information for an organism's growth, repair, and development. 2. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is contained in the. 3. DNA molecules are formed into structures called. 4. A duplicated chromosome consists of two matching. 5. When a multicellular organism is cut, the injury is repaired through the process of. 6. According to the cell theory, all cells come from existing. 7. Describe three functions of cell division in your body. Select the term that best completes the statement. A. anaphase B. metaphase C. cell cycle D. mitosis E. cytokinesis F. prophase G. interphase H. telophase 8. The two main phases of the include normal cell function and cell division. 9. is the process of cell division that ensures daughter cells will get exact copies of parent DNA. 10. Chromatids migrate to opposite sides of a cell during. 11. Chromosomes line up in the middle of a cell during. 12. A new membrane forms around each group of chromosomes during. 13. Long strands of DNA condense during. 14. is the division of a cell's cytoplasm that occurs right after mitosis. LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 1

2 15. During, the cell duplicates its DNA and begins to prepare for cell division. 16. Draw pictures of an animal cell with four chromosomes during metaphase, interphase, and cytokinesis. In your drawing, label the nucleus, chromosomes, and chromatids where appropriate. Choose the letter of the best answer. 17. Most unicellular organisms produce offspring by A. asexual reproduction B. sexual reproduction C. cellular respiration D. regenerating body parts 18. A hydra offspring A. can reproduce sexually B. has about half of its parent's DNA C. is genetically identical to its parent D. can reproduce by binary fission 19. One advantage of asexual reproduction is that A. it occurs slowly B. organisms can easily find mates C. it requires at least two organisms D. large populations can develop in a short time 20. Why might an open cut become infected within hours? A. Most bacteria produce genetically different offspring. B. Most bacteria reproduce very rapidly. C. Most bacteria reproduce by budding. D. Most bacteria can regenerate. 21. Write a short paragraph to compare and contrast regeneration in humans, plants, and sea stars. LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 2

3 Answer Key 1. F. DNA 2. H. nucleus 3. B. chromosomes 4. G. chromatids 5. A. cell division 6. C. cells 7. 4 pointsfor a response that correctly describes the three functions of cell division Sample: Cell division is needed for growth. As cell division increases the number of cells in the body, the body grows. Cell division is also responsible for replacing worn-out cells or cells that have been lost as a result of an injury. Cell division is also involved in the development of tissues, organs, and organ systems. As cells in your body divide, many of them become specialized to perform particular functions. Specialized cells cluster together to form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs are organized into organ systems. 3 points:correctly describes two functions of cell division 2 points:correctly describes one function of cell division 1 point:correctly states, but does not describe, any of the functions of cell division 8. C. cell cycle 9. D. mitosis 10. A. anaphase 11. B. metaphase 12. H. telophase 13. F. prophase 14. E. cytokinesis 15. G. interphase pointsfor a response that includes three correct, appropriately labeled drawings Sample: Students' drawings should resemble those in the student edition. The cell in interphase should show uncondensed DNA in the nucleus. The cell in metaphase should show four chromosomes, each consisting of two chromatids joined by a centromere, lined up in the middle of the cell. The cell undergoing cytokinesis should include two nuclei with uncondensed DNA. The cell is being pinched off in the middle as it forms two daughter cells. 3 points:correctly draws and appropriately labels two drawings 2 points:correctly draws and appropriately labels one drawing 1 point:partially draws and labels one drawing 17. A. asexual reproduction 18. C. is genetically identical to its parent 19. D. large populations can develop in a short time 20. B. Most bacteria reproduce very rapidly. LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 3

4 21. 4 points for a response that correctly compares and contrasts regeneration in all three organisms Sample: In all three organisms, regeneration involves the growth and development of new cells through cell division. In sea stars and plants, regeneration is not only used to repair damaged tissue, it is also a method of asexual reproduction. When a some types of sea stars lose a body part, the original organism can regenerate the lost part. The lost body part can also regenerate the parts it is missing to create a new sea star. This new organism is genetically identical to the original sea star. Likewise, when a leaf or stem cutting regenerates the missing parts of a plant, asexual reproduction is occurring. The new plant is genetically identical to the plant from which the cutting was taken. In contrast, humans can use regeneration to repair damaged tissue, but not to reproduce asexually. 3 points: compares and contrasts regeneration in two organisms 2 points: compares or contrasts regeneration in three organisms 1 point: defines regeneration, but does not compare or contrast the process in different organisms LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 4

5 Standards Summary CA 7.2.e CA 7.1.c CA 7.1.e CA 7.2.a Students know DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material of living organisms and is located in the chromosomes of each cell. Students know the nucleus is the repository for genetic information in plant and animal cells. Students know cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. Students know the differences between the life cycles and reproduction methods of sexual and asexual organisms. LS_C2-quizzes, Version: 1 5