Cell structure and function
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1 Cell structure and function Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, write the word or phrase to make the statement true. 1. Prokaryotes were the first cells to evolve 2. All eukaryotes have a cell wall 3. Plant cell walls are made of peptidoglycan 4. All cells have mitochondria for making ATP 5. Eukaryotes are the smallest cells and divide the quickest 6. All prokaryotes are bacteria Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 7. Which of the following organisms do not have cell walls? a. plants c. bacteria b. prokaryotes d. Animals 8. All living things are made up of _. a. cells c. wastes b. cork d. cellulose 9. Each of the following is a main idea of the cell theory except a. all organisms are composed of cells b. the cell is the basic unit of life c. all cells are similar in structure and function d. all cells come from pre-existing cells 10. If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n) _. a. plant cell c. animal cell b. eukaryotic cell d. prokaryotic cell 11. This is an organelle in prokaryotes that helps excrete waste and take in nutrients. a. cell wall c. mesosome b. ribosome d. flagella 12. Theses structures, found on bacteria, help the cells adhere to surfaces and play a role in sexual conjugation. a. cillia c. pili b. flagella d. milli vanillie 13. This organelle helps maintain a steady pressure on the inside of a plant cell, giving the cell walls strength and rigidity. a. lysosome c. mesosome b. vacuole d. vesicle \ 14. These organelles are only seen in animals. They play a role in cell division. a. microtubules c. mitochondria b. centrioles d. cell walls
2 15. This organelle is in all cells. It was the first part of a cell to evolve and separates the internal and external environments. a. golgi c. cell membrane b. nuclear envelope d. ER 16. The image above was taken using which of the following pieces of equipment. a. SEM c. Light(compound) microscope b. TEM d. magnifying glass 17. Peptidoglycan roughly translates to. a. protein and lipid c. protein and carbohydrate b. sugar and fat d. lipid and carbohydrate 18. (FIG. 1.0) Which organelle is shown below the oval structure in FIG 1.0? a. Smooth ER c. Rough ER b. Golgi d. Nucleus 19. What is the oval structure shown in FIG 1.0 above? a. Mitochondria c. Lysosome b. Chloroplasts d. Nucleus
3 20. Shown above is an image of a a. Eukaryophage c. Prokaryophage b. Bacteriophage d. Peptidophage 21. Above is an illustration of this organelle a. RER c. Golgi b. SER d. Mitochondria
4 22. Shown above is a a. mitochondria c. lysosome b. chloroplast d. nucleus Matching a. mitochondria g. Smooth ER b. chloroplasts h. cell wall c. ribosomes i. Lysosomes d. nucleus j. Cillia & Flagella e. nucleolus k. Cytoskeleton f. rough ER l. Golgi Aparatus 23. Extension of the nuclear envelope, covered in ribosomes; system of canals to transport products made by the cell; proteins in vesicles or those to be part of the cell membrane are made here site of photosynthesis in plants where sugars are produced 25. Found inside the nucleus; this is where ribosomes are made 26. vesicles that contain digestive enzymes; dispose of old or damaged organelles and invading bacteria 27. network of microtubules and microfilaments, provides structural support in animal cells and serves as a system of roads to carry vesicles to various destinations. 28. Provides chemical energy for the cell by making ATP from breakind down glucose. 29. contains the DNA; called the control center of the cell 30. surrounds plant, fungi, and bacterial cells, provides structural support in plants 31. system of membranes, makes and processes lipids; also involved with detoxyfying the cell 32. responsible for making proteins 33. microtubules and microfilaments, provides movement in unicellular organisms 34. system of membranes, like flattened discs; final packaging, sorting, and labeling of products for transport to final destination happens here Short Answer 35. Describe the theory of endosymbiosis. Then, at least list 3 pieces of evidence that support this theory.
5 Cell structure and function Answer Section MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 1. ANS: T, true 2. ANS: F, Prokaryotes 3. ANS: F, cellulose 4. ANS: F, Eukaryotes 5. ANS: F, Prokaryotes 6. ANS: T PTS: 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 7. ANS: D PTS: 3 8. ANS: A PTS: 3 9. ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: 3 MATCHING 23. ANS: F 24. ANS: B 25. ANS: E
6 26. ANS: I 27. ANS: K 28. ANS: A 29. ANS: D 30. ANS: H 31. ANS: G 32. ANS: C 33. ANS: J 34. ANS: L SHORT ANSWER 35. ANS: pts: 8 Early eukaryote ingests but does not digest a prokaryote. A symbiotic relationship forms because this prokaryote was able to supply useful materials to the host cell. Photosynthetic bacteria supplied sugars, while others performed aerobic respiration, supplying ATP to the host. Over time these organisms co-evolved with this relationship and lost the ability to survive independently. Evidence: Double membranes DNA & ribosomes Same size Divide on their own
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