Cells. Unit Review: Cells MEIOSIS. TECHBOOK UNIT 0 Views. Essential Questions and Answers for Review Sheet. What is meiosis?

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Cells. Unit Review: Cells MEIOSIS. TECHBOOK UNIT 0 Views. Essential Questions and Answers for Review Sheet. What is meiosis?"

Transcription

1 Cells TECHBOOK UNIT 0 Views Unit Review: Cells MEIOSIS Essential Questions and Answers for Review Sheet What is meiosis? Answer: Meiosis is the process by which specialized cells called gametes form in the sex organs of sexually-reproducing multicellular organisms, including animals, plants, and fungi. What does meiosis do? Answer: Meiosis produces gametes that each contain only half the number of chromosomes as most other body cells in an organism. Meiosis also shuffles the genes around by moving them between chromosomes. How does meiosis occur? Answer: Meiosis begins with a diploid cell that contains pairs of homologous chromosomes. After the DNA replicates, the homologous pairs swap some DNA randomly, a process called crossing over. The homologous chromosomes then separate in the first round of cell division, producing two cells. Each daughter cell contains duplicates of a haploid number of chromosomes. Then the second round of nuclear division takes place in which the chromatids (individual chromosome strands) separate. A second cell division creates four cells, each containing single copies of the haploid number of chromosomes. These four cells are genetically different from each other. In males these are the sperm cells. In females only one cell survives and this becomes the egg cell. Why is meiosis important? Answer: The gametes produced by meiosis are necessary in order for sexual reproduction to take place. Meiosis facilitates the combination of DNA from two individuals. This new combination might express traits or characteristics that were absent in either parent. This is why children are always slightly different from either parent. Through this process and

2 why children are always slightly different from either parent. Through this process and crossing over, meiosis increases the genetic diversity in a population. Genetic diversity is important because it improves the odds that a population of organisms will be able to adapt to and survive environmental changes. MEIOSIS What is different about the cellular processes taking place during reproduction in singlecelled versus multi-cellular organisms? Answer: Single-celled organisms reproduce using mitosis. Multi-cellular organisms use a different process to produce single-celled gametes. Gametes from two individuals combine to form an embryo. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? Answer: Both are processes of cell division; however they are not the same. Mitosis results in the division of one cell to form two cells identical to the parent cell. Meiosis results in the division of one cell to form four cells that each have one-half the number of chromosomes present in the parent cell. When does meiosis occur and what structures are produced as a result? Answer: Meiosis occurs only in multi-cellular organisms and only to produce gametes, the cells involved in sexual reproduction. What is accomplished during Meiosis I and what is accomplished during Meiosis II? Answer: Meiosis I begins with a diploid cell that contains pairs of homologous chromosomes. One chromosome from each pair is maternal in origin; one is paternal in origin. Each chromosome replicates itself. Then, homologous pairs separate. This separation results in two cells, each of which contains duplicates of N (haploid) chromosomes. In Meiosis II, each of the cells just formed split again. This time the duplicate chromosomes separate, which leads to the formation of four cells, each of which contains N chromosomes in single copies. Why is meiosis important to the organisms that use it? Answer: Meiosis produces gametes. Gametes from two parents can fuse to form an embryo with a new mixture of genes. As a result, the embryo has different characteristics than either

3 with a new mixture of genes. As a result, the embryo has different characteristics than either parent. This provides more opportunities for variation of characteristics. THE STRUCTURE OF LIFE What are cells and why are they important? Answer: Cells are the simplest structures that can carry out all of the characteristic activities of life. They are important because they are the building blocks of life; all living things are made of cells. What structures do most cells have in common? Answer: Most cells have many structures in common. Included among these are cytoplasm, a cell membrane, a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and vacuoles. How do animal and plant cells differ? Answer: Plant cells usually have additional structures that animal cells do not. These include a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large, water-filled vacuole. How do cells in unicellular and multicellular organisms differ? Answer: Unicellular organisms are capable of living independently. They often have specialized structures for locomotion, such as cilia, flagella, or pseudopods. The cells in multicellular organisms tend to be highly specialized to perform specific functions, depend on the presence of other cells for their survival, and are usually organized with other similar cells into tissues. Tissues are grouped into organs which, in turn, make up organ systems. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Why is cellular respiration important? Answer: During cellular respiration, a cell obtains energy from glucose and oxygen. The cell then uses this energy to carry out different life processes. Where does cellular respiration take place? Answer: Cellular respiration takes place inside of a cell. Oxygen and nutrients enter the cell

4 Answer: Cellular respiration takes place inside of a cell. Oxygen and nutrients enter the cell through the cell membrane, and a chemical reaction takes place. Then, the products of the reaction are released from the cell. What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration? Answer: Oxygen enters a cell and reacts with glucose in the cell. These are the reactants of cellular respiration. When glucose is broken down, it releases energy. Carbon dioxide and water are also produced. So, energy, carbon dioxide, and water are the products of cellular respiration. PHOTOSYNTHESIS What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process of using energy from light to synthesize sugars which then can store this energy. Photosynthesis requires light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to make glucose (sugar), oxygen, and water. Where does photosynthesis occur? Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and other photosynthetic cells. Chloroplasts contain a pigment called chlorophyll that allows photosynthetic cells to carry out photosynthesis. CELL THEORY Why are cells important? Answer: Cells are important because all living things have cells, and they perform all of the functions that an organism needs in order to live. Some organisms have only one cell. Other organisms have more than one cell.

5 How are new cells formed? Answer: Existing cells divide to form new cells. How do the cells in single-celled and multi-cellular organisms differ? Answer: In single-celled organisms, one cell performs all of the functions of the organism. But in multi-cellular organisms, cells are arranged into larger structures like tissues and organs with specialized functions. What are the main characteristics of cells? Answer: All cells grow, repair and maintain themselves, reproduce, undergo change, move, respond to their surroundings, and eventually grow old and die. GENES AND THE IMPACTS OF MUTATIONS ON ORGANISMS Essential Questions and Answers for Review Sheet What are genes, and how do they affect cell structure and function? Answer: Genes are sequences of DNA found on chromosomes that carry hereditary information for physical traits. Genes contain the codes that control the production of proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of a cell. How do mutations change genes? Answer: Mutations change the sequences of DNA that make up genes. What can happen to organisms when genes change? Answer: When genes change, the effect can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral to organisms.

6 About this Techbook Unit Labels Student Grade(s) 6-8 Course(s) Grades 6-8 Life Science - for use with NGSS (NEW) Citations MLA Cells Techbook Unit. Discovery Education. Web. 07 January APA Cells. [Techbook Unit]. Available from CHICAGO MANUAL OF STYLE Cells From Discovery Education. Techbook Unit. (accessed 07 January 2018). Copyright 2017 Discovery Education. All rights reserved. Discovery Education is a subsidiary of Discovery Communications, LLC.

Why do cells divide? Why do cells divide? What would happen if they didn t?

Why do cells divide? Why do cells divide? What would happen if they didn t? 1 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 2 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 Why do cells divide? 3 of 41 Boardworks Ltd 2007 Why do cells divide? What would happen if they didn t? Organisms would only ever exist as single

More information

Cell division and multiplication

Cell division and multiplication CELL DIVISION Cell division and multiplication As we already mentioned, the genetic information contained in the nucleus is hereditary Meaning it is passed on from cell to cell; from parent to child This

More information

Cell Theory. All living things are made of one or more cells The cell is the smallest unit of life All new cells come from preexisting cells

Cell Theory. All living things are made of one or more cells The cell is the smallest unit of life All new cells come from preexisting cells Created by Mrs. Herman Sept. 2012 Cell Theory All living things are made of one or more cells The cell is the smallest unit of life All new cells come from preexisting cells Animal Cells Plant Cells The

More information

Lesson Overview Meiosis

Lesson Overview Meiosis 11.4 THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?

More information

Meiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II

Meiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and

More information

9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35

9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35 9-4 Meiosis 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 11-4 Meiosis Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that

More information

Cell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.

Cell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells. Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe

More information

For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes

For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis Genetics Terminology: Autosomes Somatic cell Gamete Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Sex chromosomes Diploid Haploid Zygote Synapsis

More information

11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with

More information

Bio 105: Cell Division

Bio 105: Cell Division Cell Division Bio 105: Cell Division Starts with DNA Replication Laboratory 8 DNA Replication When does DNA replicate? Just prior to cell division Multicellular Organisms Grow Replace old cells Unicellular

More information

GENES, ALLELES, AND CHROMOSOMES All living things carry their genetic information in DNA Sections of DNA with instructions for making proteins are

GENES, ALLELES, AND CHROMOSOMES All living things carry their genetic information in DNA Sections of DNA with instructions for making proteins are GENES, ALLELES, AND CHROMOSOMES All living things carry their genetic information in DNA Sections of DNA with instructions for making proteins are called genes DNA coils up to form structures called chromosomes

More information

Lesson 1 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Lesson 1 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Lesson 1 Name Date Class A. What is sexual reproduction? 1. produces an offspring when genetic materials from two different sex cells combine. a. The female sex cell, a(n), forms in an ovary. b. The male

More information

Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle

Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle Name Date Class Mrs. Knight Biology EHS Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle 1. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle (correct order)? A. G 1, S, G 0, M C. G 2, S, G 1, M B. G 1, S, G 2, M D. M, G 2,

More information

Dr. Ramesh U4L3 Meiosis

Dr. Ramesh U4L3 Meiosis Dr. Ramesh U4L3 Meiosis The Cell Cycle and Cell Division: MEIOSIS The Cell Cycle and Cell Division KEY CONCEPT: Meiosis Halves the Nuclear Chromosome Content and Generates Diversity Organisms have two

More information

6-10 Sexual reproduction requires special cells (gametes) made by meiosis.

6-10 Sexual reproduction requires special cells (gametes) made by meiosis. Do Now Answer the following questions: For every cell undergoing mitosis, how many cells are created? For a cell with 6 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in the daughter cells? Why are daughter cells

More information

11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Slide 1 of 35

11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Slide 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with just one set. Chromosome

More information

Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome

Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13 The Eukaryotic Genome pp. 244-245,268-269 Genome All of the genes in a cell. Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in long linear pieces. In prokaryotic cells, there is

More information

MGC New Life Christian Academy

MGC New Life Christian Academy A. Meiosis Main Idea: Meiosis produces haploid gametes. Key Concept: Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual

More information

Overview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes

Overview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview I. Cell Types II. Meiosis I. Meiosis I II. Meiosis II III. Genetic Variation IV. Reproduction Overview: Variations on a Theme Figure 13.1 Living organisms

More information

Cell Division THE MAJOR STEPS OF CELL DIVISION: 10/28/2013. When does DNA replicate? The first step of cell division is DNA replication:

Cell Division THE MAJOR STEPS OF CELL DIVISION: 10/28/2013. When does DNA replicate? The first step of cell division is DNA replication: Cell Division Biology 105 Laboratory 8 THE MAJOR STEPS OF CELL DIVISION: When does DNA replicate? The first step of cell division is DNA replication: This occurs just prior to cell division. Cells need

More information

Binary fission occurs in prokaryotes. parent cell. DNA duplicates. cell begins to divide. daughter cells

Binary fission occurs in prokaryotes. parent cell. DNA duplicates. cell begins to divide. daughter cells Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Some eukaryotes reproduce through mitosis. Binary fission is similar in function to mitosis. Asexual reproduction is the creation of offspring from a single parent. Binary fission

More information

Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis

Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis 6:1 Chromosomes DNA GENES CHROMATIN/CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES/CHROMATIN are made of units called GENES. GENES are made of a compound called deoxyribonucleic acid or

More information

Meiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II

Meiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and

More information

Science 9 Unit 2 pack: Reproduction

Science 9 Unit 2 pack: Reproduction Science 9 Unit 2 pack: Reproduction Name Ch 4: The Nucleus Ch 5: Mitosis Ch 6: Meiosis Students will develop an understanding of the processes of cell division as they pertain to reproduction. 0 Section

More information

2. Cellular and Molecular Biology

2. Cellular and Molecular Biology 2. Cellular and Molecular Biology 2.1 Cell Structure 2.2 Transport Across Cell Membranes 2.3 Cellular Metabolism 2.4 DNA Replication 2.5 Cell Division 2.6 Biosynthesis 2.1 Cell Structure What is a cell?

More information

CHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now)

CHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now) 3.1 Meiosis CHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now) VOCABULARY WORD VOCABULARY WORD diploid number Independent assortment haploid number gametes homologous chromosomes zygote genetic diversity Crossing over Sexual

More information

4/6/2014. Chromosome Number

4/6/2014. Chromosome Number Meiosis 1of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with just

More information

Chapter 2 Cells and Cell Division

Chapter 2 Cells and Cell Division Chapter 2 Cells and Cell Division MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The process of meiosis results in: A. the production of four identical cells B. no change in chromosome number from parental cells C. a doubling of

More information

Sexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis.

Sexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis. Sexual Reproduction Recall that asexual reproduction involves only one parent cell. This parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction,

More information

THINK ABOUT IT. Lesson Overview. Meiosis. As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located.

THINK ABOUT IT. Lesson Overview. Meiosis. As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. Notes THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?

More information

#2 How do organisms grow?

#2 How do organisms grow? #2 How do organisms grow? Why doesn t a cell keep growing larger and larger? The larger a cell becomes the more demands the cell places on its DNA. The cell also has trouble moving enough nutrients and

More information

Cell Theory Levels of Organization Cell Parts - Homeostasis

Cell Theory Levels of Organization Cell Parts - Homeostasis Cell Theory Levels of Organization Cell Parts - Homeostasis Homeostasis - maintenance of internal stable conditions in a constantly changing environment that are necessary for life's functions Maintaining

More information

Unit 2: Cellular Chemistry, Structure, and Physiology Module 5: Cellular Reproduction

Unit 2: Cellular Chemistry, Structure, and Physiology Module 5: Cellular Reproduction Unit 2: Cellular Chemistry, Structure, and Physiology Module 5: Cellular Reproduction NC Essential Standard: 1.2.2 Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis

More information

Lesson Overview 11.4 Meiosis

Lesson Overview 11.4 Meiosis Lesson Overview 11.4 Meiosis THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the

More information

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11. Reproduction Section 1

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11. Reproduction Section 1 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11 Reproduction Section 1 Reproduction Key Idea: An individual formed by asexual reproduction is genetically identical to its parent. Asexual Reproduction In asexual

More information

What is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain Mendel s results?

What is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain Mendel s results? CHAPTER 6 3 Meiosis SECTION Heredity BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain

More information

biology Slide 1 of 35 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

biology Slide 1 of 35 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall biology 1 of 35 Do Now: Turn in mitosis worksheet Write down your homework http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome -2 http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome

More information

All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Living Things are Composed of Cells: Single-cell organisms have everything they need to be self-sufficient. In multicellular organisms, some cells do only

More information

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics section 1 Meiosis Before You Read Think about the traits that make people unique. Some people are tall, while others are short. People can have brown, blue, or green

More information

Cell division / Asexual reproduction

Cell division / Asexual reproduction Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produces cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes same genetic information Asexual

More information

Cellular Reproduction. MXMS 7th Grade Science

Cellular Reproduction. MXMS 7th Grade Science Cellular Reproduction MXMS 7th Grade Science What is cell division? 2 primary methods allow for cells to divide and reproduce themselves: A. Mitosis: produces identical offspring B. Meiosis: produces genetically

More information

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms Are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Biology, 7 th Edition Neil Campbell

More information

Lesson Overview Meiosis

Lesson Overview Meiosis 11.4 As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures? What cellular

More information

What is mitosis? -Process in which a cell divides, creating TWO complete Sets of the original cell with the same EXACT genetic Material (DNA)

What is mitosis? -Process in which a cell divides, creating TWO complete Sets of the original cell with the same EXACT genetic Material (DNA) What is mitosis? -Process in which a cell divides, creating TWO complete Sets of the original cell with the same EXACT genetic Material (DNA) Cell Division Produces CLONES with the same # of chromosomes

More information

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Name: AP Biology Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Define the following terms: gene locus gamete male gamete female gamete

More information

2. The development of revolutionized the of life.

2. The development of revolutionized the of life. Science 10 Unit 7 Worksheet Chapter 15, Part 1. 1. Briefly describe the three main parts of cell theory: 2. The development of revolutionized the of life. 3. Individual cells need to take in to build and

More information

Use evidence of characteristics of life to differentiate between living and nonliving things.

Use evidence of characteristics of life to differentiate between living and nonliving things. Grade Big Idea Essential Questions Concepts Competencies Vocabulary 2002 Standards All living things have a common set characteristic needs and functions that separate them from nonliving things such as:

More information

Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual S Section 1: S Gamete: Haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote. S Zygote: The cell that results from the fusion of gametes

More information

4 Metaphase I 4 Anaphase I 4 Telophase I 2/4 Prophase II 2 Metaphase II 2 Anaphase II 2 Telophase II 2 Cytokinesis 2

4 Metaphase I 4 Anaphase I 4 Telophase I 2/4 Prophase II 2 Metaphase II 2 Anaphase II 2 Telophase II 2 Cytokinesis 2 Meiosis What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder Mark 10:6-9 Stage Table 1 Meiosis (Without Crossover Event) # Chromosomes Per Cell Prophase I 4 Metaphase I 4 Anaphase I 4 Telophase

More information

Name Period. Final Exam Study Guide

Name Period. Final Exam Study Guide Name Period Chapter 6-1 Chromosomes Final Exam Study Guide 1. What is the structure of chromosomes(what are they made of and what is on them)? How many do we have? When are they copied? 2. What is an autosome

More information

CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10

CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10 CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION Chapter 10 Cell division = The formation of 2 daughter cells from a single parent cell Increases ratio of surface area to volume for each cell Allows for more efficient exchange

More information

Meiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege

Meiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Meiosis Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, a union of two cells from two individual organisms. If those two cells each contain one set of chromosomes, then the resulting cell

More information

Meiosis, Sexual Reproduction, & Genetic Variability

Meiosis, Sexual Reproduction, & Genetic Variability Meiosis, Sexual Reproduction, & Genetic Variability Teachers Guide NARRATION FOR MEIOSIS, SEXUAL REPRODUCTION, AND GENETIC VARIABILITY Since the members of no species, even California redwoods or giant

More information

Genetics word list. the molecule which contains genes. This will be looked at in more detail. it is shaped in a double helix (spiral)

Genetics word list. the molecule which contains genes. This will be looked at in more detail. it is shaped in a double helix (spiral) Genetics word list DNA the molecule which contains genes. This will be looked at in more detail. it is shaped in a double helix (spiral) Chromosomes X-shaped objects found in the nucleus of a cell. The

More information

Mitosis & Meiosis Practice Test

Mitosis & Meiosis Practice Test Name: DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST Class: ALL ID: A Mitosis & Meiosis Practice Test Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make

More information

Cellular Reproduction

Cellular Reproduction Cellular Reproduction Ratio of Surface Area to Volume As the cell grows, its volume increases much more rapidly than the surface area. The cell might have difficulty supplying nutrients and expelling enough

More information

MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU

MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes such as animals, plants and fungi The number of sets of chromosomes

More information

Meiosis and Life Cycles - 1

Meiosis and Life Cycles - 1 Meiosis and Life Cycles - 1 We have just finished looking at the process of mitosis, a process that produces cells genetically identical to the original cell. Mitosis ensures that each cell of an organism

More information

Cell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.

Cell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells. Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe

More information

= Sexual Reproduction. 2 Types of Reproduction. Key Terms Gonads- sex organs (testes, ovaries) Sexual Reproduction. What is Meiosis?

= Sexual Reproduction. 2 Types of Reproduction. Key Terms Gonads- sex organs (testes, ovaries) Sexual Reproduction. What is Meiosis? Sexual And Meiosis 2 Types of Asexual Sexual Sexual Increases survival for both plants and animals by passing genetic material within generations. Creates VARIETY in a species by the reassortment (mixing)

More information

CHAPTER 12 THE CELL CYCLE. Section A: The Key Roles of Cell Division

CHAPTER 12 THE CELL CYCLE. Section A: The Key Roles of Cell Division CHAPTER 12 THE CELL CYCLE Section A: The Key Roles of Cell Division 1. Cell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair 2. Cell division distributes identical sets of chromosomes to daughter

More information

Warm-Up Questions. 1. What are the stages of mitosis in order? 2. The diagram represents a cell process.

Warm-Up Questions. 1. What are the stages of mitosis in order? 2. The diagram represents a cell process. Warm-Up Questions 1. What are the stages of mitosis in order? 2. The diagram represents a cell process. Which statement regarding this process is true? A. Cell B contains the same genetic information that

More information

Cell Division Review Game Page 1

Cell Division Review Game Page 1 ell ivision Review Game Page 1 1 "Mitosis" is the biological name for the process of cell division. True False 2 In what phase of mitosis does the spindle begin to form? prophase anaphase telophase 3 Which

More information

Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction Chapter 11: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of

More information

Biology I Fall Semester Exam Review 2014

Biology I Fall Semester Exam Review 2014 Biology I Fall Semester Exam Review 2014 Biomolecules and Enzymes (Chapter 2) 8 questions Macromolecules, Biomolecules, Organic Compunds Elements *From the Periodic Table of Elements Subunits Monomers,

More information

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Chapter 11

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Chapter 11 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Chapter 11 1 Sexual life cycle Made up of meiosis and fertilization Diploid cells Somatic cells of adults have 2 sets of chromosomes Haploid cells Gametes (egg and sperm)

More information

10.2 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

10.2 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis 10.2 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis There are thousands of different species of organisms. Each species produces more of its own. A species of bacteria splits to make two identical bacteria. A eucalyptus

More information

Number of questions TEK (Learning Target) Biomolecules & Enzymes

Number of questions TEK (Learning Target) Biomolecules & Enzymes Unit Biomolecules & Enzymes Number of questions TEK (Learning Target) on Exam 8 questions 9A I can compare and contrast the structure and function of biomolecules. 9C I know the role of enzymes and how

More information

MEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

MEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION MEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Why do kids look different from the parents? How are they similar to their parents? Why aren t brothers or sisters more alike? Meiosis A process where the number

More information

Mitosis and Meiosis. 2. The distribution of chromosomes in one type of cell division is shown in the diagram below.

Mitosis and Meiosis. 2. The distribution of chromosomes in one type of cell division is shown in the diagram below. Name: Date: 1. Jack bought a small turtle. Three months later, the turtle had grown to twice its original size. Which of the following statements best describes why Jack s turtle got bigger? A. Parts of

More information

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction This means that it only requires 1 organism (ex. Skin cells dividing) For growth and repair in somatic (body) cells! Results

More information

Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction

Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction 2007-2008 Turn in warm ups to basket! Prepare for your test! Get out your mitosis/meiosis foldable After the test: New vocabulary! 2/23/17 Draw and label the parts of the

More information

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Single parent produces offspring All offspring are genetically identical to one another and to parent Produces identical somatic (body) cells Sexual

More information

Cell Reproduction Review

Cell Reproduction Review Name Date Period Cell Reproduction Review Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G 0, G1, S, G2, and M. 1 CELL DIVISION Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain

More information

CH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles

CH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles CH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles AP Biology 2005-2006 Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produce cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA

More information

Chapter 8 Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida

Chapter 8 Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Chapter 8 The Continuity of Life: How Cells Reproduce Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 8.1 Why Do Cells Divide? Cells reproduce by cell division.

More information

Mitosis & Meiosis. PPT Questions. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete copy of the original cell s DNA?

Mitosis & Meiosis. PPT Questions. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete copy of the original cell s DNA? 1. From where do new cells arise? Mitosis & Meiosis PPT Questions 2. Why does the body constantly make new cells? 3. Is cell division the same in all cells? Explain. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete

More information

Title: WS CH 18.1 (see p ) Unit: Heredity (7.4.1) 18.1 Reading Outline p Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Title: WS CH 18.1 (see p ) Unit: Heredity (7.4.1) 18.1 Reading Outline p Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Title: WS CH 18.1 (see p.612-625) Unit: Heredity (7.4.1) 18.1 Reading Outline p. 612-625 NPD A. What is sexual reproduction? (p615) 1. _ produces an offspring when genetic materials from two different

More information

1. The process in which ( ) are produced. 2. Males produce cells and females produce cells through meiosis

1. The process in which ( ) are produced. 2. Males produce cells and females produce cells through meiosis Name: Aim 35: What is Meiosis? Date: I. What is Meiosis? What is Meiosis? Which organisms undergo Meiosis? Where does Meiosis occur? What does Meiosis produce? What is Meiosis also known as? 1. The process

More information

Name: Period: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Name: Period: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Name: Period: _ Date: _ Cell Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover a.

More information

The Cell Cycle. The Cell Cycle

The Cell Cycle. The Cell Cycle The Cell Cycle Cells divide by Mitosis or Meiosis. Mitosis allows the organism to replace cells that have died or aren't working, and is how living things grow. It makes an exact copy of the parent cell.

More information

Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction. What is Cellular Reproduction?

Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction. What is Cellular Reproduction? Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of Each Daughter Cell: 1) Necessary genomic

More information

Anaphase, Telophase. Animal cells divide their cytoplasm by forming? Cleavage furrow. Bacteria, Paramecium, Amoeba, etc. reproduce by...

Anaphase, Telophase. Animal cells divide their cytoplasm by forming? Cleavage furrow. Bacteria, Paramecium, Amoeba, etc. reproduce by... The 4 phases of mitosis Animal cells divide their cytoplasm by forming? Bacteria, Paramecium, Amoeba, etc. reproduce by... Cell which after division is identical to the original is called a Prophase, Metaphase,

More information

Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes

Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes (2n), when they combine during fertilization, how many chromosomes

More information

Biology Kevin Dees. Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Biology Kevin Dees. Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Reproduction Characteristic of all living things Reproduction also involves the transmission of traits from one generation to the next; inheritance Heredity Latin

More information

Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles. Reproduction

Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles. Reproduction Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Reproduction Characteristic of all living things Reproduction also involves the transmission of traits from one generation to the next; inheritance Heredity Latin

More information

Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis

Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis 1. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4 2. Chromatids that are

More information

Biology. Chapter 12. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015

Biology. Chapter 12. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015 Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 12 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction 12.1 Why Sex? In asexual reproduction, a single individual gives rise to offspring that are identical to

More information

THE PROCESS OF LIVING THINGS CREATING OFFSPRING.

THE PROCESS OF LIVING THINGS CREATING OFFSPRING. REPRODUCTION 1 THE PROCESS OF LIVING THINGS CREATING OFFSPRING. Offspring are the next generation. It happens on multiple levels for multicellular organisms 2 SPECIES SURVIVAL Think back to 7th grade Organisms

More information

Chapter 10 The cell is the basic unit of life.

Chapter 10 The cell is the basic unit of life. Chapter 10 The cell is the basic unit of life. Using a Microscope - Worksheet (diagram and functions of a microscope) - Lab (p. 394-395) What you are viewing under a microscope (P.393) - Magnified image

More information

1. CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS

1. CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS Meiosis and Mendel Answer Key SECTION 1. CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS 1. somatic/body cells; germ cells/gametes 2. in the reproductive organs; ovaries and testes 3. 46 4. mother 5. father 6. autosomes 7. X

More information

Chapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide

Chapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide Chromosomes and Meiosis Specialized cells in the body Chromosomes 2 types: Chapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide (body cells) Makes up your DNA in your body cells passed

More information

Answers to Review for Unit Test #3: Cellular Reproduction: Mitosis, Meiosis, Karyotypes and Non-disjunction Disorders

Answers to Review for Unit Test #3: Cellular Reproduction: Mitosis, Meiosis, Karyotypes and Non-disjunction Disorders Answers to Review for Unit Test #3: Cellular Reproduction: Mitosis, Meiosis, Karyotypes and Non-disjunction Disorders 1. Clearly explain the difference between the following: a) chromosomes and chromatin

More information

Intitial Question: How can the mathematically impossible become the biologically possiblenamely,

Intitial Question: How can the mathematically impossible become the biologically possiblenamely, Intitial Question: How can the mathematically impossible become the biologically possiblenamely, a cell with 46 chromosomes splits to form tow cells each with 46 chromosomes/ This means 46 divided by 2

More information

1. The diagram below shows two processes (A and B) involved in sexual reproduction in plants and animals.

1. The diagram below shows two processes (A and B) involved in sexual reproduction in plants and animals. 1. The diagram below shows two processes (A and B) involved in sexual reproduction in plants and animals. Which statement best explains how these processes often produce offspring that have traits not

More information

Meiosis. Section 8-3

Meiosis. Section 8-3 Meiosis Section 8-3 Meiosis process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number in the original cell For example, in humans, meiosis produces haploid reproductive

More information

KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.

KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle Why must cells divide? Growth and Repair -

More information

Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division. Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms

Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division. Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms Genes DNA Chromatin fiber Chromosomes Fig. 9.6 Genes, the segments of DNA, are part of chromatin fiber

More information

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 9

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 9 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 9 9.1 Genes and Alleles Genes Sequences of DNA that encode heritable traits Alleles Slightly different forms of the same gene Each specifies a different version

More information

Notes: Cell Processes 1. Movement across cell membrane 2. Photosynthesis 3. Cellular respiration 4. Cell cycle

Notes: Cell Processes 1. Movement across cell membrane 2. Photosynthesis 3. Cellular respiration 4. Cell cycle Notes: Cell Processes 1. Movement across cell membrane 2. Photosynthesis 3. Cellular respiration 4. Cell cycle AMDG 1. Notes: Movement across a cell membrane Cell Membrane-see picture in text book What

More information