Title:Directed Reading Notes:Chapter 1-Introduction Themes in the Study of Life

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1 Last Name, First Name: Date: Class:AP Biology 2015 Title:Directed Reading Notes:Chapter 1-Introduction Themes in the Study of Life #1. Use the powerpoint provided to label the diagram below and provide a brief description of each of the seven properties associated with living things. A) B) C) D) E) F) G) #2. What are emergent properties? Give two examples (one from the powerpoint and one from the online lecture). Example #1:

2 Example #2: #3. Life is organized on many scales. The figure below zooms you in from viewing Earth from space all the way to the level of molecules. As you study this figure, write in a brief definition of each level. Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Organism Organs/Organ Systems Tissues Cells Organelles Molecules

3 #4. The study of biology is connected by two distinct points of view. College Board and AP biology focus on four big ideas. Using the links provided in the PowerPoint access the curriculum guide for the course and locate the four big idea descriptions. Name the big idea and in 3-5 sentences each summarize the theme (do not cut and paste) and provide an example of topics associated with the big idea. Big Idea #1 Big Idea #2 Big Idea #3 Big Idea #4 #5. Campbell s Biology (our textbook) approaches the study of biology from 7 themes. In most instances there is a clear connection between a theme and a big idea. Use the online lecture and your summaries from question #4 Name the theme, describe the theme and provide an example, and connect it to one or more of the big ideas.

4 Theme Name Description/Example Big Idea Connection Theme 1: Theme 2: Theme 3: Theme 4: Theme 5: Theme 6: Theme 7: #6. Biology is very heavy in vocabulary. Before you have finished this course you will have been exposed to well over 500 new vocab terms. Some of them are more important than others. The ones listed below have recur over and over again throughout the year. Use the online lecture to define those terms: Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell DNA Genes Enzyme Negative/Positive Feedback

5 #7. Life is organized into groups. Study the figure below an answer the following questions: Which level contains the greatest diversity of organisms? The least? In the example above, do some outside research and determine what defining characteristic separates each level of taxonomy (Kingdom-Genus) from the previous. #8. Taxonomy is the branch of biology that names and classifies organisms. Over time new evidence and observations are made which alter the taxonomic groupings of organisms. Originally living things were classified into 5 kingdoms, now because of new molecular data (DNA/RNA evidence) life is organized into 3 domains. Use the online lecture to draw arrows from the kingdoms to their appropriate placement on the diagram below and describe the basic characteristics of each kingdom.

6 Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia #9. What two main points were articulated in Darwin s The Origin of Species? #10. What did Darwin propose as the mechanism of evolution? Summarize this mechanism.

7 #11. Study the figure below, which shows the evolutionary tree. What is indicated by each twig? What do branch points represent? Where did the common ancestor of the Galapagos finches originate? #12. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative data. Give an example of each. Qualitative Quantitative #13. Distinguish between a hypothesis and a null hypothesis. Give an example of each. Use the experimental example in the online lecture to come up with an appropriate hypothesis/null hypothesis that could have been used in the experiment. Hypothesis Null Hypothesis

8 #14. Experimental design hinges on the identification of the variables. Define the variables below and use the experimental example in the online lecture to come up with an appropriate example of each variable. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Constant Variable #15. What is the purpose of a control group? Use the experimental example in the online lecture to identify the control group.

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