Homer has earliest account change and revolution Olympians were 3 rd generation Humans 4 th or 5 th generation Previous Generations Golden age Silver

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2 SWBAT: Identify and label the hierarchy of gods explain the traits associated with those gods Communicate in words their function in society and literature.

3 Homer has earliest account change and revolution Olympians were 3 rd generation Humans 4 th or 5 th generation Previous Generations Golden age Silver age Greeks living in the Iron age Theogony written by Hesiod Earliest coherent account of creation

4 Shapeless Darkness Chaos yawning void in Greek Interesting- What does chaos mean in English? What type of noun is it? Concrete or abstract?

5 Chaos created five elements Gaia- Earth Tartarus- Underworld Erebus- gloom of Tartarus Erus- Love Nyx- power of darkness (Night)

6 Nyx- goddess Feared and respected Day and Aether (pure upper atmosphere) Gave birth to many evils Doom, Death, Misery, Resentment, Deceit, Strike Deceit gives birth to Murder, Carnage, Battle, Lawlessness

7 Gave birth with no help Why could she create without a male? Children Uranus starry heavens Mountains Pontus sea Described as mother, nurturer The secure foundation of all forever. Physical body and Essence and Power.

8 Romans would place all newborns on ground momentarily out of respect to Gaia Gaia was surrounded by salt-water sea/river Oceanus. Oceanus born of Gaia and Uranus Smooth sea- not affected by storms Source of all rivers.

9 Many children Hecatonchires - hundred arms and fifty heads each 3 cyclopes Arges (Bright) Brontes (Thunder) and Steropes (Lightning)

10 12 titans - last of the children/ first gods Oceanus - god of seas (Not the geographical Oceanus- river) Tethys Hyperion sun god Theia Themis earth goddess Rhea earth goddess Mnemosyne- goddess of memory mnemonic Iapetus, Coeus, Crrus, Phoebe (non specific functions) Cronus- youngest, boldest, hated his father and replaced dad as supreme god

11 Titans used to explain the physical world Example: Atlas Son of Titan Lapetus and of Asia ( daughter of oceanus) Condemned to hold up the sky for choosing the Titans side in war with the Olympians

12 Uranus Buried titans in the center of the earth (Gaia) Gaia bears double pain Children imprisoned Prison is her own body Tartarus Cyclopes buried in Mt. Etna Mt. Etna= volcanoes explanation of eruptions

13 Gaia Unable to take insult and injury Talks to Titans asks them to rebel Titans are scared Cronus says yes, I got this! Makes sickle for Cronus

14 Cronus Waits for Uranus to come to Gaia (night) to make love Strikes with sickle and + Sickle = symbolism Used to cut grain/crops Crops are cut in Autumn Autumn is the dying of the world Uranus rule is at an end

15 Uranus From his blood many creatures are born Giants Erinyes furies who punish wrong doers (punish those who commit crimes against own kind) (Symbolism? Created from blood, created by son trying to kill father) Meliae nymphs of ash trees Created foam on waves that later gave birth to Aphrodite (goddess of love)

16 Cronus rules over humans as supreme god. When he is overthrown, he retires to the Islands of the Blessed paradise After the defeat of his father, Cronus refuses to release Gaia s children Cronus marries Rhea Sky god marries earth goddess

17 Children created from union Demeter Goddess of agriculture Hera Queen of gods Hades God of underworld Poseidon God of oceans and rives Hestra Goddess of the hearth Zeus Supreme god (youngest again)

18 Cronus was worried that his children would over throw him Cronus eats all of his children at birth Rhea, like Gaia before her, is angered by the destruction of her children Gives rock to Cronus instead of Zeus

19 Gaia hides Zeus in Crete Mt. Dicte Guarded by the Curetes Semi- divine young men noted for their noisy dances Some say he was raised at Mt. Ida Zeus learns truth about Cronus and vows revenge Gets his first wife (Metis sea nymph) to make an emetic Gives it to Cronus throws up rock and children Rock was at Delphi sacred temple of oracle