Happy Tuesday! Pull out a half sheet of paper or share a whole with a friend!

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1 Happy Tuesday! Pull out a half sheet of paper or share a whole with a friend!

2 This is for the lack of NASA

3 Weekly Schedule Today Thursday HW # 0,1 due Quiz # 1 Seasons Moon Phases Eclipses Constellations Lecture tutorials Lab: Dome of the sky

4 What Causes Seasons? A. Wobble of Earth s axis B. The greenhouse gas effect C tilt of Earth s rotational axis D. Movement of the Earth closer or farther from the sun E. Global warming and Cooling

5 Earth s Orbital Motion and seasons Ecliptic is plane of Earth s path around the Sun; at 23.5 to celestial equator. Notice how the axis always points in the same direction coordsmotion/obliquity.html What direction does Earth revolve around the Sun?

6 Task #1: Use flashlight and ball-on-stick to represent the Sun and Earth respectively. (For this demonstration, keep the stick vertical.) How does the distribution of incoming sunlight vary between the Equator and the Poles? (Can you explain why the equator is hotter than the poles?)

7 Task #2: Use flashlight and ball-on-stick to represent the Sun and Earth respectively. (For this demonstration, tilt the stick.) What effect does tilting the stick (Earth's axis) have on the distribution of incoming solar radiation? Use the model to show the relative positions of Earth and Sun for our winter and summer. What happens when you rotate Earth on its axis? What are you demonstrating?

8 Task #3: Demonstrate the annual orbit of Earth around the Sun and use the model to explain: Why it can be winter in the U.S. when it is summer in Australia; The contrasting positions of the Earth and Sun for each season in the U.S. What happens to seasonal temperatures at various locations if the tilt angle increases or decreases?

9 Imagine that Earth s orbit were changed to be a perfect circle about the Sun so that the distance to the Sun never changed. How would this affect the seasons? 1. We would no longer experience a difference between the seasons. 2. We would continue to experience seasons in essentially the same way we do now. 3. We would still experience seasons, but the difference would be much more noticeable. 4. We would still experience seasons, but the difference would be much less noticeable.

10 Which of the following locations experiences the smallest amount of change in sunlight over the course of a year? 1. north pole 2. south pole 3. Equator 4. They all experience the same amount of change in sunlight over a year. coordsmotion/sunpaths.html coordsmotion/eclipticsimulator.html coordsmotion/sunsrays.html

11 Still don t get it? TRY THIShttp://astro.unl.edu/classaction/animatio ns/coordsmotion/eclipticsimulator.html oordsmotion/sunsrays.html Why is the sun at a lower angle in the winter? oordsmotion/sunpaths.html

12 Earth s Orbital Motion: Precession Rotation of Earth s axis itself; makes one complete circle in about 26,000 years

13 Phases of the moon PhasesOfTheMoon.html PhasesOfTheMoon.swf

14 Phases of the Moon

15 Lunar eclipses KEY POINT: note the alignment of Sun, Earth, moon

16 Solar eclipse KEY POINT: note the alignment of Sun, moon, Earth

17 Solar eclipse is partial when only part of the Sun is blocked, total when all is blocked, and annular when the Moon is too far from Earth for total. The Motion of the Moon

18 Why don t eclipses occur every month? KEY POINT: Earth and moon have different orbital planes

19 Chasing solar eclipses Consider a text figure showing solar eclipse paths over a world map. As a group, write a description of which eclipse your group would most like to observe together, where and when you would go to observe it, and fully explain why you selected the date and site you did. Clearly explain related costs and vacation aspects of exotic travel for a 10 minute eclipse.

20 Eclipse tracks,

21 During the full moon phase, how much of the Moon s surface is being illuminated by sunlight? 1. None 2. Less than half 3. Half 4. More than half 5. all

22 When the Moon appears to completely cover the Sun (a solar eclipse), the Moon must be at which phase? 1. Full 2. New 3. First quarter 4. Last quarter 5. At no particular phase 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Full New First quarter Last quarter At no particular phase 10 0 of 5 Countdown

23 estionslist.html

24 A total lunar eclipse occurs when? 1. during the new moon phase. 2. when the Sun blocks the Moon. 3. during the full moon phase. 4. always around the summer solstice. during the new moon p... 0% 0% 0% 0% when the Sun blocks th... during the full moon phase. always around the summ.. 10 Countdown

25 A solar eclipse happens about how often? 1. every month at new moon. 2. every week at the quarter phases. 3. every month at full moon. 4. about every six months at new moon. 5. every year at new moon. every week at the quart.. every month at new moon. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% about every six months.. every month at full moon. every year at new moon. 10 Countdown

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