Mismatched changes of the photoluminescence and crystalline structure of a mechanochromic gold(i) isocyanide complex

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1 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information Mismatched changes of the photoluminescence and crystalline structure of a mechanochromic gold(i) isocyanide complex Tomohiro Seki, Kenta Sakurada, and Hajime Ito* Division of Chemical Process Engineering and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC), Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan hajito@eng.hokudai.ac.jp Contents 1. General S1 2. Optical Properties S2 3. Single Crystal Structures of 1 S6 4. References S7

2 1. General All commercially available reagents and solvents are of reagent grade and were used without further purification unless otherwise noted. Emission spectra were recorded on a Hitachi F-7000 spectrometer. Fluorescence microscopic spectra were recorded on a Photonic Hamamatsu PMA-12 Multichannel Analyzer. The emission quantum yields of the solid samples were recorded on a Hamamatsu Quantaurus-QY spectrometer with an integrating sphere. Emission lifetime measurements were recorded on a Hamamatsu Quantaurus-Tau spectrometer. Elemental analyses and low- and high resolution mass spectra were recorded at the Center for Instrumental Analysis, Hokkaido University. Photographs were obtained using Olympus BX51 or SZX7 microscopes with Olympus DP72, Nikon D5100 or RICOH CX1 digital cameras. SEM observation was performed with a JSM-6500F SEM (JEOL). Powder diffraction data were recorded at room temperature on a Rigaku SmartLab diffractometer with Cu-K radiation and a D/teX Ultra detector covering 5 50 (2 ). Simulated powder patterns were generated with Mercury 3.0 from the single crystal X-ray structures. 1 Synthesis of compound 1 was reported previously. 2 S1

3 2. Optical Properties Fig. S1 Emission spectra of 1g ground (green line) and 1b ground (blue line) under excitation at 365 nm. Table S1 Photophysical properties of various solid phases of 1. em / % av / s f, g 1 / s (A 1 ) g 2 / s (A 2 ) 3 / s g (A 3 ) g k l r / s 1 k m nr / s 1 1g 84 d j (1.00) b 33 e 12.9 k (0.0427) 11.1 (0.263) 70.5 (0.695) g ground (0.675) 1.99 (0.325) b ground 23 d j (0.396) 1.14 (0.604) a λ ex = 315 nm. b λ ex = 430 nm. c λ ex = 390 nm. d λ ex = 370 nm. e λ ex = 310 nm. f τ av = A n τ n / A n. g λ em = 370 nm. h λ em = 460 nm. i λ em = 570 nm. j λ em = 535 nm. k λ em = 445 nm. l k r = / m k nr = / k r S2

4 Fig. S2 a) Normalized excitation (dashed lines, em = 535 nm) and emission spectra (solid lines, ex = 370 nm) of 1g (green lines) and 1g ground (light green lines). b) Normalized excitation (dashed lines, em = 445 nm for 1b and 535 nm for 1b ground ) and emission spectra (solid lines, ex = 370 nm) of 1b (green lines) and 1b ground (light green lines). c) Comparison of excitation (dashed lines) and emission spectra (dashed lines) of 1g ground (green lines) and 1b ground (blue lines). S3

5 Fig. S3. a) Emission decay profiles of 1g (green line, em = 535 nm) and 1g ground (light green line, em = 535 nm). b) Emission decay profiles of 1b (blue line, em = 445 nm) and 1b ground (light green line, em = 535 nm). c) Comparison of emission decay profiles of 1g ground (green line) and 1b ground (blue line). S4

6 Fig, S4 Diffuse reflectance spectra of 1g (green line), 1b (blue line), and 1b ground (light green line). Both 1b and 1b ground have absorption ranging only shorter than 400 nm, while 1g has absorption tale extending up to around 450 nm (denoted as green arrow), which support that the structures of 1b and 1b ground in the ground states are different from that of 1g. Fig. S5 Absorption spectrum of 1g (green line) and emission spectrum of 1b (blue line). S5

7 3. Single Crystal Structures of 1 Fig. S6 i) Photographs of the single crystal structure of 1g taken under UV light. ii) ORTEP representation of hexamer of 1g connected through multiple intermolecular aurophilic interactions. Phenyl groups except for one carbon atom and dimethylphenyl moieties are omitted for clarity. iii) Packing arrangements of 1g in which hexameric units are interacted with adjacent ones to form 1-D columnar motives. The data were taken from our previous publication. 2 S6

8 Fig. S7 i) Photographs of the single crystal structure of 1b taken under UV light. ii) Pentamer derived from the single crystal structures of 1b shown by a ball-and-stick representation with four intermolecular CH/ interactions of the central molecule. One set of the groups exhibiting disorder is omitted for clarity. c) Packing arrangements of 1b viewed along the a axis. Only hexameric units are represented by space-filling models. The data were taken from our previous publication References T. Seki, K. Sakurada and H. Ito, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2013, 52, S7