Electron Glue Bonding
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1 LESSON 26 Electron Glue Bonding Name Date Period Cl Activity Purpose Cl Ca To investigate the different types of bonding found in substances and to relate bonding to the physical properties of substances. Procedure Read the handout Four Models of Bonding. Study the information on the Substance cards. Your job is to match each substance to its appropriate type of bonding on the handout. Use the information on the cards to sort the 16 substances into the four categories of bonding. Write your results in the table. Ionic Network covalent Metallic Molecular covalent 1. Are there any substances that don t seem to fit properly in the categories you have placed them in? List them here and explain. Use the handout to answer these questions. 2. What do the pictures of the four models of bonding attempt to show? 3. Give the type of bonding for each substance described here. a. A substance made up entirely of metal atoms b. A substance made up of both metal and nonmetal atoms c. A substance made up entirely of nonmetal atoms 104 Unit 1 Alchemy Living By Chemistry Teaching and Classroom Resources Lesson 26 Worksheet LBCTCM_01_BFW1st12.indd 104 2/25/12 12:31:08 PM
2 4. Some substances made up entirely of nonmetal atoms are soluble in water, while others are not. Use the bonding models to explain why. 5. How might the model for network covalent bonding explain the incredible hardness of a diamond? 6. Both sugar and salt dissolve in water, but they bond differently. Use the models to explain how these two substances might be different after they dissolve. 7. Which bonding model would you predict for the following substances? Which are compounds and which are elements? a. KI, potassium iodide b. CO 2, carbon dioxide gas c. Au, gold d. Cl 2, chlorine gas 8. Which of the bonding models are found in elemental substances? Explain, using examples. 9. Making Sense If you have the chemical formula of a substance, what can you figure out about its properties? Explain. Use the compound silver nitrate, AgNO 3, as an example. Living By Chemistry Teaching and Classroom Resources Unit 1 Alchemy 105 Lesson 26 Worksheet LBCTCM_01_BFW1st12.indd 105 2/25/12 12:31:08 PM
3 Four Models of Bonding Each sphere in the drawing represents an atom. The gray shaded areas represent places where the negatively charged valence electrons might be found with each type of bond. Model 1: Ionic Dissolve in water Conduct electricity when dissolved Brittle solids Made of metal and nonmetal atoms combined Model 2: Molecular Covalent Some dissolve in water, some do not Do not conduct electricity Some are liquids or gases Made entirely of nonmetal atoms Metal atoms give up their valence electrons to nonmetal atoms. Valence electrons are shared between some atoms. This creates small stable units within the substance. Model 3: Metallic Do not dissolve in water Conduct electricity Bendable and hard solids Made entirely of metal atoms Model 4: Network Covalent Do not dissolve in water Do not conduct electricity Extremely hard solids Made entirely of nonmetal and metalloid atoms Valence electrons are free to move about the substance. Valence electrons connect atoms with each other in all directions, like a grid or network. 106 Unit 1 Alchemy Living By Chemistry Teaching and Classroom Resources Lesson 26 Handout LBCTCM_01_BFW1st12.indd 106 2/25/12 12:31:11 PM
4 S ubstan c e Ca r d s Silicon, Si(s) Mercury, Hg(l ) Methane, CH4(g) Platinum, Pt(s) LBCTCM_01_109 Malleable, ductile solid LBCTCM_01_105 Water, H2O(l ) Salt Water, NaCl(aq) LBCTCM_01_104 LBCTCM_01_108 Gas Hard solid Sometimes conducts Sodium, Na(s) Soft, very malleable ssolid LBCTCM_01_103 Sand, SiO2(s) LBCTCM_01_102 LBCTCM_01_107 2/25/12 12:31:38 PM LBCTCM_01_BFW1st12.indd 107 Hard solid LBCTCM_01_106 Unit 1 Alchemy 107 Lesson 26 Card Masters Living By Chemistry Teaching and Classroom Resources
5 S ubstan c e Ca r d s Table Salt, NaCl(s) Aqueous Copper Chloride, CuCl2(aq) Drain Cleaner, NaOH(aq) (as a solid) LBCTCM_01_117 Brittle solid Epsom Salt, MgSO4(s) LBCTCM_01_113 Diamond, C(s) LBCTCM_01_112 LBCTCM_01_116 (as a solid) Brittle solid Copper, Cu(s) LBCTCM_01_111 Malleable, ductile solid LBCTCM_01_115 Ethanol, C2H6O(l) Very hard solid Soft solid Table Sugar, LBCTCM_01_110 C12H22O11(s) LBCTCM_01_114 2/25/12 12:31:48 PM LBCTCM_01_BFW1st12.indd 108 Living By Chemistry Teaching and Classroom Resources 108 Unit 1 Alchemy Lesson 26 Card Masters
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