The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: Tsunami source model from satellite altimetry
|
|
- Natalie Watkins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Earth Planets Space,, 9, The Indian Ocean tsunami: Tsunami source model from satellite altimetry Kenji Hirata, Kenji Satake, Yuichiro Tanioka 3, Tsurane Kuragano, Yohei Hasegawa, Yutaka Hayashi, and Nobuo Hamada Program for Deep Sea Research, IFREE, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Natsushima -, Yokosuka 37-, Japan Active Fault Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Site C7 -- Higashi, Tsukuba 3-7, Japan 3 Institute of Seismology and Volcanology, Hokkaido University, NW Kita-ku, Sapporo -, Japan Global Environment and Marine Department, Japan Meteorological Agency, Otemachi -3-, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo -, Japan Seismilogy and Volcanology Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute, - Nagamine, Tsukuba 3-, Japan Sapporo District Meteorological Observatory, NW-, Chuo-ku, Sapporo -, Japan (Received July, ; Revised October, ; Accepted October, ; Online published February 7, ) Satellite altimetry measurements of sea surface heights for the first-time captured the Indian Ocean tsunami generated from the December great Sumatra earthquake. Analysis of the sea surface height profile suggests that the tsunami source, or the seafloor deformation, of the great earthquake propagated to the north at an extremely slow speed of less than km/sec on average for the entire 3-km-long segment along the northern Sumatra-Nicobar-Andaman Trench. The extremely slow propagation speed produces a very long duration of tens minutes, longer than earthquake source duration estimated ( sec) from short-period P-wave radiation. The satellite altimetry data requires a total seismic moment of 9. Nm (Mw=9.3). This estimate is approximately. times larger than the value from long-period surface wave analysis but nearly the same as that from the ultra-long-period normal mode study. The maximum amount of slip ( 3 m) is identified in an offshore region closest to the northern most part of Sumatra where the largest tsunami run-up heights were observed. Key words: Sumatra earthquake, tsunami, source model, satellite, Indian Ocean.. Introduction A great earthquake occurred northwest of Sumatra at :9 UTC, December,. USGS/NEIC (United States Geological Survey/National Earthquake Information Center) and Harvard University assigned a momentmagnitude (Mw) of 9. to this earthquake. Soon afterwards an analysis of the longest period normal mode yielded a seismic moment of. 3 Nm and revised the momentmagnitude as Mw 9.3 (Stein and Okal, ). The earthquake generated a devastating tsunami throughout the Indian Ocean. Assuming that the one-day aftershock distribution is representative of the earthquake rupture zone, the total length is approximately km along the northern Sumatra-Nicobar-Andaman trench (Fig. ). The tsunami travel times at tide gauge stations around the Indian Ocean, however, suggested that the tsunami source area was confined with the southern to km zone (Lay et al., ). The maximum tsunami height of 3 9 m was observed on the west coast of Banda Aceh, Sumatra (International Tsunami Survey Team, ; Tsunami Field Survey Team in Banda Aceh of Indonesia, ) whereas tsunami heights were 7 m at the Nicobar and Andaman Islands (Department of Ocean Development, ). The observed distribution of tsunami heights may be related to a possible hetero- Copyright c The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences (SGEPSS); The Seismological Society of Japan; The Volcanological Society of Japan; The Geodetic Society of Japan; The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences; TERRAPUB. geneity of the tsunami excitation strength along the trench. Two hours after the occurrence of the great earthquake, two NASA/French Space Agency s joint mission satellites Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon passed across the Indian Ocean and measured sea surface height (SSH) disturbed by the Indian Ocean tsunami from the great Sumatra earthquake (Fig. (a)) (Gower, ). Previous modeling explained the observed satellite SSH data successfully (Titov, ) except for a region between N and Ninthe Jason- observations. Lay et al. () suggested that a slow slip is required for the SSH observation between N and N. In this study, we analyze the SSH data from the two satellites to investigate heterogeneous source model of the Indian Ocean tsunami.. Sea Surface Heights observed from Satellites Satellites Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon passed across the Indian Ocean from southwest to northeast at a speed of approximately 7 km/sec (Fig. (a)). The accuracy of satellite altimetry is less than cm and its spatial resolution is approximately minutes of the arc ( 7 km) (JPL/NASA, ). Original SSH data are processed routinely to remove contributions of geoid, ocean tide, atmospheric pressure, and vapor in atmosphere. The remaining SSH data include oceanographic effects. The spatial distribution of the Indian Ocean tsunami two hours after the earthquake can be defined by SSH differences between successive cycles of satellite altimetry. For Jason-, it is calculated from cycles 9 (passed the Equator at :: UTC, Decem- 9
2 9 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL a b - Vishakhapatnam - Paradip Jason- TOPEX / Poseidon E3 E E E E9 - E E E E E E3 E E7 - O O3 O O E Fig.. (a) Ground tracks of satellite altimetry with Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon (thin lines). Two satellites passed across the Indian Ocean two hours after the occurrence of the great Sumatra earthquake (Gower, ; JPL/NASA, ). Closed circles on the ground tracks indicate the points that sea surface height (SSH) difference from two successive cycles before and after the great Sumatra earthquake can be defined. The epicenters of mainshock and aftershocks two hours after the great event are also shown. (b) Subfault setting for the inversion in this study. We model the entire aftershock zone, with a length of km along the northern Sumatra-Nicobar-Andaman trench, using subfaults placed parallel to the trench (E E). O to O (triangles) indicate possible rupture initiation points. Aftershock distribution, including the mainshock epicenter, within day after the occurrence of the mainshock is also shown. a Jason- observed SSH difference Cycle Cycle 9 Vr=.7 km/sec - TOPEX / Poseidon b Jason- observed SSH difference - TOPEX / Poseidon Vr=. km/sec (7 km) Vr=. km/sec.. Cycle Cycle S - Latitude [degree] N -. S Vr=3. km/sec - Latitude [degree] N Fig.. (a) Observed sea surface height (SSH) by satellite altimetry from Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon measurements. Gray and green dots indicate observed SSH data in cycles and 9, respectively, from Jason- (upper panel) and those in cycles and, respectively, from TOPEX/Poseidon (lower panel). The Indian Ocean tsunami from the great Sumatra earthquake can be defined by taking the difference between successive cycle pairs (Red circles). Blue circles depict the best-fit synthetic SSH computed from an extremely slow propagation model with its velocity of.7 km/sec. (b) Comparison of synthetic SSH distribution with observed one (red circles). Green and blue circles show the synthetics from the fast propagation models with velocities of 3. km/sec and. km/sec, respectively. Gray circles show the synthetics from the fast propagation models with velocity of. km/sec but whose source area is limited in southern 7 km-long segment.
3 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL 97 Table. Subfault Parameters and Estimated Parameters from the Inversion. Subfault # Length Width Longitude Latitude Depth Strike Dip Rake Amount of slip Mo Mw sub [km] [km] [km] [ ] [ ] [ ] [m] [Nm] E ±.3.E+ E ± 3..3E+.7 E ±..3E+.9 E 9... ±. 3.E+.7 E ±..3E+.7 E ± E+ 7.7 E ±.3.E+. E ±..9E+. E ±..3E+. E ±..E+. E ±..3E+.7 E ±. 7.E+.3 E ± 3..E+ E ±..E+. total Mo = 9.E+ 9. Values at the east corner of the upper edge in each subfault. Rigidty is assumed to be 3. N/m. ber ) and (:: UTC, December ) on pass 9. For TOPEX/Poseidon, it is calculated from cycles (3::7 UTC, December ) and (:3: UTC, December ) on pass 9. The observed SSH differences from Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon show considerable water surface disturbance due to the Indian Ocean tsunami along the satellite tracks (Fig. (a)), although both include data gaps in each cycle pairs. Total number of observed SSH differences thus defined is 3 and for Jason- and TOPEX/Poseidon, respectively. 3. Inversion We invert the satellite SSH difference data to estimate the tsunami source model, including the effects of tsunami source propagation. Propagating tsunami source is expressed by a set of vertically displaced seafloor with different onset time. We relate each vertically displaced seafloor to slip on subfaults. Figure (b) shows the prescribed fault model, consisting of subfaults with a trench-parallellength of km. A study of coral growth and GPS measurements in the Sumatra forearc indicated that the interseismic locked zone on subduction interface does not extend farther landward than the Mentawai Island chain west of the Sumatra (Simoes et al., ). We therefore set the down-dip width of subfaults to be km. Global seismic networks poorly controlled depth of aftershocks following the Sumatra earthquake. Araki et al. () suggested from ocean-bottom seismographic observation that average dip angle of the aftershock distribution is to in the outer-arc high west of northern Sumatra. We therefore assume that dip angle for each of the subfaults is. The dip angle is nearly the same as that of the Harvard Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solution of the mainshock, and consistent with a possible plate interface based on an accurate hypocenter catalog (Engdahl et al., 99). Slip angle on each subfault is estimated from the prin- normalized variance rupture starts at O rupture starts at O rupture starts at O3 rupture starts at O Vr [km/sec] Fig. 3. Normalized variance variation with respect to rupture velocity in the inversion. We assumed four possible rupture start points, O to O, as shown in Fig. (b). Normalized variance is defined by the root-mean-squares of difference between observed SSH difference and synthetic one, divided by the root-mean-squares of observed SSH difference. cipal stress axis of aftershocks for the first days. We selected only thrust events from the Harvard CMT catalog and assumed that the average compressional-axis directions are parallel to the slip direction on each subfault. Vertical displacement of seafloor is calculated by Okada s formula (Okada, 9). Subfault parameters are listed in Table. We compute tsunami wavefield on a spherical coordinate system from each subfault by numerically solving the shallow water (long-wave) equations using a finite difference method (Satake, 99). The computation region is shown
4 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL 9 w = km δ = w = km δ = 9 9 Vr =.7 km/s w = km δ = 9 9 w = km δ = Vr =.7 km/s 9 Vr =.7 km/s w = km δ = Vr =. km/s Vr =.7 km/s vertical displacement [m] Fig.. Model seafloor deformation patterns calculated from best-fit source models with various widths (w) and dip angles (δ) of subfaults. Average propagation velocity (Vr) that produces minimum variance in prescribed width and dip angle pair is shown within each panel. in Fig. (a). We set the grid size of the computation as 3 minute of arc ( km), small enough to represent minimum wavelength ( km) of the Indian Ocean tsunami observed with two satellites. The grid data are made from ETOPO (Smith and Sandwell, 997). The computation is made at every sec, satisfying the stability condition of finite difference computation. By using satellite orbital information (latitude, longitude, and time) and a priori propagation velocity (Vr), we then construct satellite pass-segment Greens functions to use them in the linear inversion. We apply a linear inversion scheme with a non-negative constraint to solve this inversion problem. A rise time, sec, of seafloor deformation is used because it produces minimum variance.. Results Since the epicenter of offshore earthquake is, in general, poorly located, we first examine the rupture initiation point.
5 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL 99 We assume four rupture starting points: O,O,O 3, and O as shown in Fig. (b). Point O is located on the southeast edge of subfault E and consistent with USGS/NEIC epicenter. Point O is km from O along the trench, O 3 is km from O, and O is set at the center of subfault E. Figure 3 shows normalized variances as a function of average propagation velocity (Vr) and suggests that the tsunami source propagated from O unilaterally to NNE, although difference in the normalized variance is small. A minimum normalized variance of. is obtained at propagation velocity of Vr =.7 km/sec. Such a slow propagation feature is less affected by assumed dip angle and fault width: in the cases of different values in subfault dip angle and width, overall seafloor deformation pattern is not changed largely and the best-fit propagation velocity is always between.7 km/sec and. km/sec (Fig. ). The best-fit solutions suggest that the tsunami source did not reach near northernmost subfault E. Thus, the entire fault length measured parallel to the concaved trench axis is 3 km. The extremely slow propagation model reproduces a fairly good synthetic SSH distribution (Fig. (a)) whereas fast propagation models with velocity of a few km/sec do not explain the observed trough with wide south-facing slope between N and 9 N in Jason- data (Fig. (b)). Lay et al. () explained the Jason- SSH data by introducing a combination of a fast rupture (Vr = km/s, rise time= s) in the southern 7 km segment and a slow rupture (Vr =.7 km/s, rise time=3 s) in the northern segment. Slow propagation estimated by the present study may correspond to the slow rupture component of Lay et al. (), although it is difficult to compare our result with theirs, because we do not vary propagation velocity and rise time during the tsunami source propagation. It is also worth noting that instantaneous propagation models (i.e., Vr = km/sec) that are traditionally used in tsunami modeling yield minimum variances much larger than the 3 km-long tsunami source propagating model; minimum normalized variances for instantaneous propagation models on the southern 7 km, 9 km, km, and 3 km segments are.,.3,., and., respectively. Previously estimated tsunami source of to km-long seems to be underestimated due to the traditional assumption of instantaneous tsunami excitation over entire tsunami source area. The best solution for Vr =.7 km/sec is listed in Table.. Discussions and Conclusion The northern extent and propagation velocity of the tsunami source can also be examined by tsunami travel times at northern tide gauge stations. Paradip and Vishakhapatnam are two northernmost stations (Fig. (a)). The observed travel times at both stations are minutes (Department of Ocean Development, ). To estimate the source extent from the tsunami travel time, we have to correct for the rupture propagation with a finite velocity. Corrected travel times Tc = T Tp are simply estimated by subtracting Tp = L/ Vr from observed travel times T, where L is the along-trench distance between the epicenter and effective tsunami generation point which can be thought to be nearest (in tsunami diffraction diagram) to a tide gauge station. L always equals to length (Ls) of the tsunami source and is the same for Paradip and Vishakhapatnam except for Ls 3 km. For Ls 3 km, L equals to Ls for Paradip but not for Vishakhapatnam; graphical inspection of tsunami diffraction diagram shows that subfault E3 is slightly nearer to Vishakhapatnam than subfault E. For Vishakhapatnam, therefore, we fix L = km, which is the distance from the epicenter to the center of subfault E3. Tsunami source should be outlined by back-projecting tsunami wavefronts (black curves in Fig. ) if shallow bathymetry of ETOPO, location of tide gauge on bathymetric grid, and tide gauge clocks are all accurate, and subfault geometry is appropriate. Since we cannot exclude these error factors, we introduce allowable range of ± min in corrected travel times. If outline of a tsunami source is included in both of the allowable ranges (blue curves for Paradip and red curves for Vishakhapatnam in Fig. ), the tsunami source is considered acceptable. Figure (a) suggests that slow propagating source models with velocities from. km/sec to. km/sec are acceptable for Ls 3 km. Propagation velocities from.7 km/sec to.9 km/sec are acceptable if allowable range is set ± min whereas those from. km/sec to. km/sec are acceptable if allowable range is set ± min. Figure (b) suggests that no acceptable solution is obtained in velocity interval from. km/sec to 3. km/sec for 7 km-long tsunami source models (Ls = 7 km) when allowable range is set ± min No acceptable solution is obtained in the same velocity interval when allowable range is set ± minor± min. Long tsunami source with slow propagating velocity, therefore, seems to be a probable solution. Average propagation velocity of the tsunami source was estimated from the inversion to be an extremely slow Vr =.7 km/sec or so. Total source duration is, therefore, roughly estimated to be 3 km/.7 km/sec=9 sec or 3 minutes, approximately four times longer than source duration estimates ( sec) from short-period P-waves (Ishii et al., ; Ni et al., ; Kruger and Ohrnberger, ). When average propagation velocity is. km/sec or. km/sec, total source duration becomes km/. km/sec=3 sec ( min) or 3 km/. km/sec=3 sec ( min). The large amount of slip, which produces the large seafloor deformation, is identified on subfault E closest to west coast of the northern Sumatra when longer tsunami source models with slow propagation are concerned. The strong local tsunami source is probably responsible to the observed large tsunami height of approximately 3 m or 9 m at west coast of northern Sumatra (International Tsunami Survey Team, ; Tsunami Field Survey Team in Banda Aceh of Indonesia, ). Slip distribution estimated from seismic wave studies (Ji, ; Taymaz et al., ; Yagi, ; Yamanaka, ) also suggested large asperity in the almost same region. Although the inversion suggests that large amount of slip was occurred on subfaults E and E3, a close examination of satellite pass-segment Green functions implies that subfault E3 may not be well constrained if Vr is.7
6 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL ip rad Pa 7 -. (a) Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec 9. Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec Vishakhapatnam Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec Vr=.7 km/sec (b) Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec Vr=. km/sec... Vr=3. km/sec vertical displacement [m] Fig.. Comparison of various tsunami source models (model seafloor deformation patterns calculated from best-fit source models inverted from SSH data) with corrected tsunami travel times at the northernmost tide gauge stations, Paradip and Vishakhapatnam. Black curves indicate imaginary back-projecting tsunami wavefront with the corrected travel times (see the text) calculated based on ETOPO bathymetry. Blue and red curves sandwiching the black curves represent the allowable range (± min) of corrected travel times for Paradip and Vishakhapatnam, respectively. Average propagation velocity V r is shown in the bottom of each panel. (a) Comparison between corrected travel times and long tsunami sources estimated when km-long segment is allowed to generate tsunami. (b) Comparison between corrected travel times and short tsunami sources estimated when tsunami source is limited in southern 7 km-long segment.
7 K. HIRATA et al.: INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI SOURCE MODEL km/sec because the southward-traveling leading wave crest from E3 coincidentally falls in one of the Jason- data gaps between N and N. Since third largest amount of slip on subfault E is well constrained from the observed SSH data, the tsunami source had to propagate at least km to the north from the epicenter along the trench. Tsunami source models that are confined in the 7 km-long Sumatra and Nicobar segments cannot explain observed wide trough between N and 9 N in Jason- data (Fig. (b)). Large amount of slip near Andaman Island, however, may not be explained smaller tsunami heights of m in the Andaman Islands (Department of Ocean Development, ). Slow seafloor deformation (long rise time) in this region may be required. Our inversion result suggests total seismic moment Mo = 9. Nm (Mw=9.3) (Table ). This estimate is. times larger than the previous estimate by USGS/NEIC and Harvard CMT but nearly the same as that of the longest period normal mode study (Stein and Okal, ). The average dislocation is approximately m along the entire 3 km-long fault. Acknowledgments. We appreciate Eric L. Geist for reading the earlier version of the manuscript and two anonymous reviewers for their comments the manuscript. This research was supported by an emergency scientific fund to the Sumatra earthquake and Special Coordination funds for promoting science and technology from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japanese government, and the research program at the Institute for Research on Earth Evolution(IFREE), JAMSTEC. Figures were partially drawn using GMT software (Wessel, P. and W. H. F. Smith, EOS, Trans. AGU, 7, 39, 99). References Araki, E., M. Shinohara, K. Obana, T. Yamada, Y. Kaneda, T. Kanazawa, and K. Suyehiro, Aftershock distribution of the December Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from ocean bottom seismographic observation, Earth Planets Space,, this issue, 3 9,. Department of Ocean Development, Engdahl, E. R., R. Van der Hilst, and R. Bulan, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved travel times and procedures for depth determination, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,, 7 73, 99. Gower, J., Jason- detects the December tsunami, EOS, trans. AGU,,,37 3,. International Tsunami Survey Team leaded by Dr. Y. Tsuji, u-tokyo.ac.jp/namegaya/sumatera/surveylog/eindex.htm,. Ishii, M., P. M. Sharer, H. Houston, and J. E. Vidale, Extent, duration and speed of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake imaged by the Hi-Net array, Nature, 3, ,. Ji, C., depot//eq /neic slav ff.html,. JPL/NASA, & sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/topex.html,. Kruger, F. and M. Ohrnberger, Tracking the rupture of the Mw=9.3 Sumatra earthquake over, km at teleseismic distance, Nature, 3, ,. Lay, T., H. Kanamori, C. J. Ammon, M. Nettles, S. N. Ward, R. C. Aster, S. L. Beck, S. L. Bilek, M. R. Brudzinski, R. Butler, H. R. DeShon, G. Ekstrom, K. Satake, and S. Sipkin, The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of December, Science, 3, 7 33,. Ni, S., H. Kanamori, and D. Helmberger, Energy radiation from the Sumatra earthquake, Nature, 3,,. Okada, Y., Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 7, 3, 9. Satake, K., Linear and non-linear computations of the 99 Nicaragua earthquake tsunami, Pure Appl. Geophys.,, 7, 99. Simoes, M., J. P. Avouac, R. Cattin, and P. Henry, The Sumatra subduction zone: A case for a locked fault zone extending into the mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 9, B, doi:.9/3jb9,. Smith, W. H. F. and D. T. Sandwell, Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings, Science, 77, 9 9, 997. Stein, S. and E. Okal, Speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake, Nature, 3,,. Taymaz, T., O. Tan and S. Yolsal, taymaz/ sumatra/,. Titov, V., Tsunami Field Survey Team in Banda Aceh of Indonesia, dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/sumatra/indonesia-ynu/indonesia survey ynu e.html,. Yagi,Y., html,. Yamanaka, Y., Note// EICea.html,. K. Hirata ( hiratak@jamstec.go.jp), K. Satake ( kenji.satake@aist.go.jp), Y. Tanioka ( tanioka@eos.hokudai.ac.jp), T. Kuragano ( kuragano@met.kishou.go.jp), Y. Hasegawa ( yhasegaw@mri-jma.go.jp), Y. Hayashi ( yhayashi@mrijma.go.jp), and N. Hamada ( nhamada@met.kishou.go.jp)
1.3 Short Review: Preliminary results and observations of the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake Kenji Hirata
1.3 Short Review: Preliminary results and observations of the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake Kenji Hirata We give a brief review about observations and preliminary results regarding the 2004 great
More informationSource of the July 2006 West Java tsunami estimated from tide gauge records
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L24317, doi:10.1029/2006gl028049, 2006 Source of the July 2006 West Java tsunami estimated from tide gauge records Yushiro Fujii 1 and Kenji Satake 2 Received 13
More informationAftershock distribution of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from ocean bottom seismographic observation
Earth Planets Space, 58, 113 119, 2006 Aftershock distribution of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from ocean bottom seismographic observation Eiichiro Araki 1, Masanao Shinohara 2, Koichiro
More informationCoseismic slip distribution of the 1946 Nankai earthquake and aseismic slips caused by the earthquake
Earth Planets Space, 53, 235 241, 2001 Coseismic slip distribution of the 1946 Nankai earthquake and aseismic slips caused by the earthquake Yuichiro Tanioka 1 and Kenji Satake 2 1 Meteorological Research
More informationTsunami waveform analyses of the 2006 underthrust and 2007 outer-rise Kurile earthquakes
Author(s) 2008. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Advances in Geosciences Tsunami waveform analyses of the 2006 underthrust and 2007 outer-rise Kurile earthquakes Y. Tanioka 1, Y.
More informationTsunami waveform inversion of the 2007 Bengkulu, southern Sumatra, earthquake
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 60, 993 998, 2008 Tsunami waveform inversion of the 2007 Bengkulu, southern Sumatra, earthquake Yushiro Fujii 1 and Kenji Satake 2 1 International Institute of Seismology and
More informationLessons from the 2004 Sumatra earthquake and the Asian tsunami
Lessons from the 2004 Sumatra earthquake and the Asian tsunami Kenji Satake National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Outline 1. The largest earthquake in the last 40 years 2. Tsunami
More informationSeismological Aspects of the December 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake
Seismological Aspects of the December 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake Hiroo Kanamori, a M.EERI The 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake had an average source duration of about 500 sec. and a rupture
More informationSOURCE INVERSION AND INUNDATION MODELING TECHNOLOGIES FOR TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESSMENT, CASE STUDY: 2001 PERU TSUNAMI
Paper No. TS-4-1 SOURCE INVERSION AND INUNDATION MODELING TECHNOLOGIES FOR TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESSMENT, CASE STUDY: 2001 PERU TSUNAMI Bruno Adriano 1, Shunichi Koshimura 2 and Yushiro Fujii 3 ABSTRACT The
More informationScaling relations of seismic moment, rupture area, average slip, and asperity size for M~9 subduction-zone earthquakes
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 4, 7 74, doi:1.12/grl.976, 213 Scaling relations of seismic moment, rupture area, average slip, and asperity size for M~9 subduction-zone earthquakes Satoko Murotani,
More informationTsunami source area of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake determined from tsunami arrival times at offshore observation stations
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 809 813, 2011 Tsunami source area of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake determined from tsunami arrival times at offshore observation stations Yutaka Hayashi,
More informationPreparation for Future Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards: Lessons Learned from the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake and the Asian Tsunami
First International Conference of Aceh and Indian Ocean Studies Organized by Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore & Rehabilitation and Construction Executing Agency for Aceh and Nias
More informationCoulomb stress change for the normal-fault aftershocks triggered near the Japan Trench by the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake
Earth Planets Space, 64, 1239 1243, 2012 Coulomb stress change for the normal-fault aftershocks triggered near the Japan Trench by the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake Tamao Sato 1, Shinya Hiratsuka
More informationSource rupture process of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake determined by joint inversion of teleseismic body wave and strong ground motion data
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 56, 311 316, 2004 Source rupture process of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake determined by joint inversion of teleseismic body wave and strong ground motion data Yuji Yagi International
More informationDETERMINATION OF SLIP DISTRIBUTION OF THE 28 MARCH 2005 NIAS EARTHQUAKE USING JOINT INVERSION OF TSUNAMI WAVEFORM AND GPS DATA
Synopses of Master Papers Bulletin of IISEE, 47, 115-10, 013 DETERMINATION OF SLIP DISTRIBUTION OF THE 8 MARCH 005 NIAS EARTHQUAKE USING JOINT INVERSION OF TSUNAMI WAVEFORM AND GPS DATA Tatok Yatimantoro
More informationTsunami source of the 2004 off the Kii Peninsula earthquakes inferred from offshore tsunami and coastal tide gauges
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 173 178, 2005 Tsunami source of the 2004 off the Kii Peninsula earthquakes inferred from offshore tsunami and coastal tide gauges Kenji Satake 1, Toshitaka Baba 2, Kenji
More informationEffect of the Emperor seamounts on trans-oceanic propagation of the 2006 Kuril Island earthquake tsunami
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L02611, doi:10.1029/2007gl032129, 2008 Effect of the Emperor seamounts on trans-oceanic propagation of the 2006 Kuril Island earthquake tsunami S. Koshimura, 1 Y.
More informationTSUNAMI CHARACTERISTICS OF OUTER-RISE EARTHQUAKES ALONG THE PACIFIC COAST OF NICARAGUA - A CASE STUDY FOR THE 2016 NICARAGUA EVENT-
TSUNAMI CHARACTERISTICS OF OUTER-RISE EARTHQUAKES ALONG THE PACIFIC COAST OF NICARAGUA - A CASE STUDY FOR THE 2016 NICARAGUA EVENT- Amilcar Cabrera Supervisor: Yuichiro TANIOKA MEE16718 ABSTRACT Nicaragua
More informationSlip distributions of the 1944 Tonankai and 1946 Nankai earthquakes including the horizontal movement effect on tsunami generation
Slip distributions of the 1944 Tonankai and 1946 Nankai earthquakes including the horizontal movement effect on tsunami generation Toshitaka Baba Research Program for Plate Dynamics, Institute for Frontier
More informationRapid source characterization of the 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 529 534, 2011 Rapid source characterization of the 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Gavin P. Hayes 1,2 1 U.S. Geological Survey, National Earthquake
More informationCentroid-moment-tensor analysis of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake and its larger foreshocks and aftershocks
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 519 523, 2011 Centroid-moment-tensor analysis of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake and its larger foreshocks and aftershocks Meredith Nettles, Göran Ekström,
More informationSeismic Activity near the Sunda and Andaman Trenches in the Sumatra Subduction Zone
IJMS 2017 vol. 4 (2): 49-54 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (IJMS) Volume 4, Issue 2, 2017 DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/ijms.v4i2.22 Seismic Activity near the Sunda and Andaman Trenches
More informationMulti-planar structures in the aftershock distribution of the Mid Niigata prefecture Earthquake in 2004
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 411 416, 2005 Multi-planar structures in the aftershock distribution of the Mid Niigata prefecture Earthquake in 2004 Shigeki Aoki 1, Masaki Nishi 2, Koji Nakamura 2, Tetsuo
More informationThe Size and Duration of the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake from Far-Field Static Offsets
The Size and Duration of the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake from Far-Field Static Offsets P. Banerjee, 1 F. F. Pollitz, 2 R. Bürgmann 3 * 1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, 248001, India. 2
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATIONS FOR TSUNAMI FORECASTING AT PADANG CITY USING OFFSHORE TSUNAMI SENSORS
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS FOR TSUNAMI FORECASTING AT PADANG CITY USING OFFSHORE TSUNAMI SENSORS Setyoajie Prayoedhie Supervisor: Yushiro FUJII MEE10518 Bunichiro SHIBAZAKI ABSTRACT We conducted numerical simulations
More informationAnalysis of Seismological and Tsunami Data from the 1993 Guam Earthquake
PAGEOPH, Vol. 144, Nos. 3/4 (1995) 0033-4553/95/040823-1551.50 + 0.20/0 9 1995 Birkh/iuser Verlag, Basel Analysis of Seismological and Tsunami Data from the 1993 Guam Earthquake YUICHIRO TANIOKA, 1 KENJI
More informationCentroid moment-tensor analysis of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. and its larger foreshocks and aftershocks
Earth Planets Space, 99, 1 8, 2011 Centroid moment-tensor analysis of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and its larger foreshocks and aftershocks Meredith Nettles, Göran Ekström, and Howard C. Koss Lamont-Doherty
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature11492 Figure S1 Short-period Seismic Energy Release Pattern Imaged by F-net. (a) Locations of broadband seismograph stations in Japanese F-net used for the 0.5-2.0 Hz P wave back-projection
More informationRapid magnitude determination from peak amplitudes at local stations
Earth Planets Space, 65, 843 853, 2013 Rapid magnitude determination from peak amplitudes at local stations Akio Katsumata 1, Hiroshi Ueno 1, Shigeki Aoki 1, Yasuhiro Yoshida 2, and Sergio Barrientos 3
More informationDid the 2004 Sumatra Andaman Earthquake Involve a Component of Tsunami Earthquakes?
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 97, No. 1A, pp. S296 S306, January 2007, doi: 10.1785/0120050615 Did the 2004 Sumatra Andaman Earthquake Involve a Component of Tsunami Earthquakes?
More informationVALIDATION OF TSUNAMI INUNDATION MODELING FOR THE 2004 SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE FOR MAKING HAZARD MAPS IN PENANG AND LANGKAWI, MALAYSIA
Synopses of Master Papers Bulletin of IISEE, 47, 11-16, 013 VALIDATION OF TSUNAMI INUNDATION MODELING FOR THE 004 SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE FOR MAKING HAZARD MAPS IN PENANG AND LANGKAWI, MALAYSIA Noor
More informationSeth Stein and Emile Okal, Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA. Revised 2/5/05
Sumatra earthquake moment from normal modes 2/6/05 1 Ultra-long period seismic moment of the great December 26, 2004 Sumatra earthquake and implications for the slip process Seth Stein and Emile Okal,
More informationSource Characteristics of Large Outer Rise Earthquakes in the Pacific Plate
Source Characteristics of Large Outer Rise Earthquakes in the Pacific Plate T. Sasatani, N. Takai, M. Shigefuji, and Y. Miyahara Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan W. Kawabata Electric Power Development
More informationScaling of characterized slip models for plate-boundary earthquakes
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 6, 987 991, 28 Scaling of characterized slip models for plate-boundary earthquakes Satoko Murotani, Hiroe Miyake, and Kazuki Koketsu Earthquake Research Institute, University
More informationThree Dimensional Simulations of Tsunami Generation and Propagation
Chapter 1 Earth Science Three Dimensional Simulations of Tsunami Generation and Propagation Project Representative Takashi Furumura Authors Tatsuhiko Saito Takashi Furumura Earthquake Research Institute,
More informationRELOCATION OF THE MACHAZE AND LACERDA EARTHQUAKES IN MOZAMBIQUE AND THE RUPTURE PROCESS OF THE 2006 Mw7.0 MACHAZE EARTHQUAKE
RELOCATION OF THE MACHAZE AND LACERDA EARTHQUAKES IN MOZAMBIQUE AND THE RUPTURE PROCESS OF THE 2006 Mw7.0 MACHAZE EARTHQUAKE Paulino C. FEITIO* Supervisors: Nobuo HURUKAWA** MEE07165 Toshiaki YOKOI** ABSTRACT
More informationTriggering of earthquakes during the 2000 Papua New Guinea earthquake sequence
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112,, doi:10.1029/2006jb004480, 2007 Triggering of earthquakes during the 2000 Papua New Guinea earthquake sequence Sun-Cheon Park 1 and Jim Mori 1 Received 3 May
More informationSeismic Activity and Crustal Deformation after the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake
J-RAPID Symposium March 6-7, 2013 Seismic Activity and Crustal Deformation after the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Y. Honkura Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Science and Technology
More informationTHE 2011 OFF THE PACIFIC COAST OF TOHOKU-OKI EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI: INFLUENCE OF THE SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS ON THE MAXIMUM TSUNAMI HEIGHTS
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, March 1-4, 2012, Tokyo, Japan THE 2011 OFF THE PACIFIC COAST OF TOHOKU-OKI EARTHQUAKE
More informationIntroduction to the Special Issue on the 2004 Sumatra Andaman Earthquake and the Indian Ocean Tsunami
Name /mea_ssa971a_605412/971_05633/mp_1 12/05/2006 11:35AM Plate # 0 pg 1 # 1 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 97, No. 1A, pp. S1 S5, January 2007, doi: 10.1785/0120050633 Introduction
More informationTsunami Simulation of 2009 Dusky Sound Earthquake in New Zealand
Tsunami Simulation of 2009 Dusky Sound Earthquake in New Zealand Polina Berezina 1 Institute of Geology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine Supervisor: Prof. Kenji Satake Earthquake
More informationRELATION BETWEEN RAYLEIGH WAVES AND UPLIFT OF THE SEABED DUE TO SEISMIC FAULTING
13 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 24 Paper No. 1359 RELATION BETWEEN RAYLEIGH WAVES AND UPLIFT OF THE SEABED DUE TO SEISMIC FAULTING Shusaku INOUE 1,
More informationBulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 97, No. 1A, pp. S43 S61, January 2007, doi: /
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 97, No. 1A, pp. S43 S61, January 2007, doi: 10.1785/0120050614 Teleseismic Relocation and Assessment of Seismicity (1918 2005) in the Region of the
More informationSource process of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake with the combination of teleseismic and strong motion data
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 565 569, 2011 Source process of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake with the combination of teleseismic and strong motion data Yasuhiro Yoshida 1, Hiroshi
More informationLETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, , 2005
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 345 35, 25 Estimation of the source model for the foreshock of the 24 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes and strong ground motion simulation of the hypothetical Tonankai
More informationCrustal deformation by the Southeast-off Kii Peninsula Earthquake
Crustal deformation by the Southeast-off Kii Peninsula Earthquake 51 Crustal deformation by the Southeast-off Kii Peninsula Earthquake Tetsuro IMAKIIRE, Shinzaburo OZAWA, Hiroshi YARAI, Takuya NISHIMURA
More informationNews Release December 30, 2004 The Science behind the Aceh Earthquake
News Release December 30, 2004 The Science behind the Aceh Earthquake PASADENA, Calif. - Kerry Sieh, the Robert P. Sharp Professor of Geology at the California Institute of Technology and a member of Caltech's
More informationLarge surface wave of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake captured by the very long baseline kinematic analysis of 1-Hz GPS data
Earth Planets Space, 58, 153 157, 2006 Large surface wave of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake captured by the very long baseline kinematic analysis of 1-Hz GPS data Yusaku Ohta, Irwan Meilano, Takeshi
More informationoverlie the seismogenic zone offshore Costa Rica, making the margin particularly well suited for combined land and ocean geophysical studies (Figure
Chapter 1 Introduction Historically, highly destructive large magnitude (M w >7.0) underthrusting earthquakes nucleate along the shallow segment of subduction zone megathrust fault, and this region of
More informationLETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, , 2005
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 1115 1120, 2005 A tectonic interpretation of NW-SE strike-slip faulting during the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes, Japan: Probable tear of the Philippine Sea plate
More informationAVERAGE AND VARIATION OF FOCAL MECHANISM AROUND TOHOKU SUBDUCTION ZONE
13 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 24 Paper No. 414 AVERAGE AND VARIATION OF FOCAL MECHANISM AROUND TOHOKU SUBDUCTION ZONE Shunroku YAMAMOTO 1 Naohito
More informationMethod to Determine Appropriate Source Models of Large Earthquakes Including Tsunami Earthquakes for Tsunami Early Warning in Central America
Pure Appl. Geophys. 174 (2017), 3237 3248 Ó 2017 The Author(s) This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com DOI 10.1007/s00024-017-1630-y Pure and Applied Geophysics Method to Determine
More informationUrgent aftershock observation of the 2004 off the Kii Peninsula earthquake using ocean bottom seismometers
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 363 368, 2005 Urgent aftershock observation of the 2004 off the Kii Peninsula earthquake using ocean bottom seismometers Shin ichi Sakai 1, Tomoaki Yamada 1, Masanao Shinohara
More informationTitle. Author(s)Yomogida, Kiyoshi; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Koyama, Junj. CitationEarth, Planets and Space, 63(7): Issue Date Doc URL.
Title Along-dip segmentation of the 2011 off the Pacific c earthquakes Author(s)Yomogida, Kiyoshi; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Koyama, Junj CitationEarth, Planets and Space, 63(7): 697-701 Issue Date 2011 Doc
More informationInversion of tsunami data. A. Sladen CNRS, Géoazur 1/35
Inversion of tsunami data A. Sladen CNRS, Géoazur 1/35 DEFINITION Tsunami waves are gravity wave with a long period need a BIG source! 2/35 DEFINITION Krakatoa, 1883 Summer 2015, E.T. pers. comm. Lituya
More informationA search for seismic radiation from late slip for the December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman (M w = 9.15) earthquake
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L18305, doi:10.1029/2006gl027286, 2006 A search for seismic radiation from late slip for the December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman (M w =
More informationCoseismic slip distribution of the 2005 off Miyagi earthquake (M7.2) estimated by inversion of teleseismic and regional seismograms
Coseismic slip distribution of the 2005 off Miyagi earthquake (M7.2) estimated by inversion of teleseismic and regional seismograms Tadashi Yaginuma 1, Tomomi Okada 1, Yuji Yagi 2, Toru Matsuzawa 1, Norihito
More informationrevised October 30, 2001 Carlos Mendoza
Earthquake Sources in the circum-caribbean Region Puerto Rico Tsunami Mitigation and Warning Program Federal Emergency Management Agency Preliminary Report: Task 3 revised October 30, 2001 Carlos Mendoza
More informationAdditional earthquakes parameters are put in the order of a clock-wise sense geographically, except Sumatra and Java, where they are from west to
1380 986 950 Additional earthquakes parameters are put in the order of a clock-wise sense geographically, except Sumatra and Java, where they are from west to east. s, g, and t in Data type denotes seismic,
More informationAn Analysis of the Events of 26 December 2004 to Plan for the Future
An Analysis of the Events of 26 December 2004 to Plan for the Future SATISH R SHETYE An analysis of the data collected on 26 December, 2004, should help us understand the series of events that followed
More informationThe 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake: Comparison of deep-water tsunami signals with finite-fault rupture model predictions
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 797 801, 2011 The 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake: Comparison of deep-water tsunami signals with finite-fault rupture model predictions Thorne Lay
More informationDouble-difference relocations of the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 357 362, 25 Double-difference relocations of the 24 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes Bogdan Enescu 1, James Mori 1, and Shiro Ohmi 1 1 Disaster Prevention Research Institute
More informationSumatra earthquake from tsunami tide gauge record inversion
1 2 Source process of the September 12, 2007 M W 8.4 Southern Sumatra earthquake from tsunami tide gauge record inversion 3 4 Stefano Lorito, Fabrizio Romano, Alessio Piatanesi and Enzo Boschi 5 6 Istituto
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TSUNAMI PROPAGATION AND INUNDATION ALONG THE RAKHINE COAST AREAS IN MYANMAR
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TSUNAMI PROPAGATION AND INUNDATION ALONG THE RAKHINE COAST AREAS IN MYANMAR Su Hninn Htwe Supervisor: Bunichiro SHIBAZAKI MEE12619 Yushiro FUJII ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess
More informationGNH7/GG09/GEOL4002 EARTHQUAKE SEISMOLOGY AND EARTHQUAKE HAZARD
Tectonics Lecture 10 Global Seismotectonics Rigid plate translation A Map of the World s Fracture Zones Magnetic anomalies and fracture zones form the basic building blocks for the construction of isochron
More informationTsunami modeling from the seismic CMT solution considering the dispersive effect: a case of the 2013 Santa Cruz Islands tsunami
Miyoshi et al. Earth, Planets and Space (2015) 67:4 DOI 10.1186/s40623-014-0179-6 LETTER Open Access Tsunami modeling from the seismic CMT solution considering the dispersive effect: a case of the 2013
More informationGEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L19604, doi: /2004gl020366, 2004
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L19604, doi:10.1029/2004gl020366, 2004 Characteristic seismic activity in the subducting plate boundary zone off Kamaishi, northeastern Japan, revealed by precise
More informationThe 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real time discriminants, finite fault rupture, and tsunami excitation
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 38,, doi:10.1029/2010gl046498, 2011 The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real time discriminants, finite fault rupture, and tsunami excitation Andrew
More informationEmpirical relationship of tsunami height between offshore and coastal stations
Earth Planets Space, 62, 269 275, 2010 Empirical relationship of tsunami height between offshore and coastal stations Yutaka Hayashi Seismology and Volcanology Research Department, Meteorological Research
More informationRELOCATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES ALONG THE SUMATRAN FAULT AND THEIR FAULT PLANES
Synopses of Master Papers Bulletin of IISEE, 47, 25-30, 2013 RELOCATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES ALONG THE SUMATRAN FAULT AND THEIR FAULT PLANES Biana Rahayu Wulandari MEE11605 Supervisor: Nobuo HURUKAWA ABSTRACT
More informationPossible large near-trench slip during the 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 687 692, 2011 Possible large near-trench slip during the 2011 M w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Thorne Lay 1, Charles J. Ammon 2, Hiroo Kanamori 3, Lian
More informationA PROTOTYPE OF WEB-APPLICATION FOR TSUNAMI DATABASE ALONG SOUTHERN JAVA ISLAND COASTLINE
A PROTOTYPE OF WEB-APPLICATION FOR TSUNAMI DATABASE ALONG SOUTHERN JAVA ISLAND COASTLINE Ariska Rudyanto MEE07170 Supervisor: Yohei HASEGAWA Yosuke IGARASHI Yushiro FUJII ABSTRACT Development of tsunami
More informationLong-period ground motion simulation in the Kinki area during the MJ 7.1 foreshock of the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 197 202, 2005 Long-period ground motion simulation in the Kinki area during the MJ 7.1 foreshock of the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes Nobuyuki Yamada and Tomotaka
More information27th Seismic Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies
GROUND TRUTH LOCATIONS USING SYNERGY BETWEEN REMOTE SENSING AND SEISMIC METHODS-APPLICATION TO CHINESE AND NORTH AFRICAN EARTHQUAKES C. K. Saikia 1, H. K. Thio 2, D. V. Helmberger 2, G. Ichinose 1, and
More informationInquiry: Sumatran earthquakes with GPS Earth Science Education
Inquiry: Sumatran earthquakes with GPS Earth Science Education www.earthobservatory.sg Preparation: Before doing this investigation, complete two introductory investigations using GPS data from UNAVCO
More informationMoment tensor inversion of near source seismograms
Moment tensor inversion of near source seismograms Yuji Yagi and Naoki Nishimura ABSTRACT We construct a program set for estimating moment tensor solution using near source seismograms. We take the effect
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION AS GUIDANCE IN MAKING TSUNAMI HAZARD MAP FOR LABUAN ISLAND
NUMERICAL SIMULATION AS GUIDANCE IN MAKING TSUNAMI HAZARD MAP FOR LABUAN ISLAND MOHD RIDZUAN bin Adam Supervisor: Fumihiko IMAMURA MEE09199 ABSTRACT At the northeast end of the South China Sea, tsunamis
More informationREAL-TIME TSUNAMI INUNDATION FORECAST STUDY IN CHIMBOTE CITY, PERU
REAL-TIME TSUNAMI INUNDATION FORECAST STUDY IN CHIMBOTE CITY, PERU Nabilt Moggiano Supervisor: Kenji SATAKE MEE16720 ABSTRACT For rapid forecast of tsunami inundation during a tsunamigenic event, we constructed
More informationPreliminary slip model of M9 Tohoku earthquake from strongmotion stations in Japan - an extreme application of ISOLA code.
Preliminary slip model of M9 Tohoku earthquake from strongmotion stations in Japan - an extreme application of ISOLA code. J. Zahradnik 1), F. Gallovic 1), E. Sokos 2) G-A. Tselentis 2) 1) Charles University
More informationEarthquakes and Tsunamis
Earthquakes and Tsunamis Kenji Satake Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo 1 Part I 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami 2 Fukushima Dai ichi NPP accident Earthquake ground motion Reactors automatically
More informationCOULOMB STRESS CHANGES DUE TO RECENT ACEH EARTHQUAKES
COULOMB STRESS CHANGES DUE TO RECENT ACEH EARTHQUAKES Madlazim Physics Department, Faculty Mathematics and Sciences of Surabaya State University (UNESA) Jl. Ketintang, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia. e-mail:
More informationEARTHQUAKE SOURCE PARAMETERS FOR SUBDUCTION ZONE EVENTS CAUSING TSUNAMIS IN AND AROUND THE PHILIPPINES
EARTHQUAKE SOURCE PARAMETERS FOR SUBDUCTION ZONE EVENTS CAUSING TSUNAMIS IN AND AROUND THE PHILIPPINES Joan Cruz SALCEDO Supervisor: Tatsuhiko HARA MEE09186 ABSTRACT We have made a set of earthquake source
More informationMagnitude 7.1 NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
Japan was rattled by a strong aftershock and tsunami warning Thursday night nearly a month after a devastating earthquake and tsunami flattened the northeastern coast. This earthquake can be considered
More informationSource process of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake inferred from waveform inversion with long-period strong-motion records
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 577 582, 2011 Source process of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake inferred from waveform inversion with long-period strong-motion records Kunikazu Yoshida
More informationA complex rupture image of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake revealed by the MeSO-net
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 583 588, 2011 A complex rupture image of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake revealed by the MeSO-net Ryou Honda 1, Yohei Yukutake 1, Hiroshi Ito 1, Masatake
More informationSOURCE PROCESS OF THE 2003 PUERTO PLATA EARTHQUAKE USING TELESEISMIC DATA AND STRONG GROUND MOTION SIMULATION
Synopses of Master Papers Bulletin of IISEE, 47, 19-24, 2013 SOURCE PROCESS OF THE 2003 PUERTO PLATA EARTHQUAKE USING TELESEISMIC DATA AND STRONG GROUND MOTION SIMULATION Fabricio Moquete Everth* Supervisor:
More informationTSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESSMENT FOR THE CENTRAL COAST OF PERU USING NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS FOR THE 1974, 1966 AND 1746 EARTHQUAKES
TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESSMENT FOR THE CENTRAL COAST OF PERU USING NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS FOR THE 1974, 1966 AND 1746 EARTHQUAKES Sheila Yauri Supervisor: Yushiro FUJII MEE10521 Bunichiro SHIBAZAKI ABSTRACT
More informationSpatial distribution of centroid moment tensor solutions for the 2004 off Kii peninsula earthquakes
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 57, 351 356, 25 Spatial distribution of centroid moment tensor solutions for the 24 off Kii peninsula earthquakes Yoshihiro Ito, Takumi Matsumoto, Hisanori Kimura, Hirotoshi
More informationSeismic Characteristics and Energy Release of Aftershock Sequences of Two Giant Sumatran Earthquakes of 2004 and 2005
P-168 Seismic Characteristics and Energy Release of Aftershock Sequences of Two Giant Sumatran Earthquakes of 004 and 005 R. K. Jaiswal*, Harish Naswa and Anoop Singh Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Vadodara
More informationRupture Characteristics of Major and Great (M w 7.0) Megathrust Earthquakes from : 1. Source Parameter Scaling Relationships
Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth Supporting Information for Rupture Characteristics of Major and Great (M w 7.0) Megathrust Earthquakes from 1990-2015: 1. Source Parameter Scaling Relationships
More informationNear-field tsunami forecasting using offshore tsunami data from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 821 826, 2011 Near-field tsunami forecasting using offshore tsunami data from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Hiroaki Tsushima 1, Kenji Hirata 1, Yutaka
More informationMagnitude 8.2 NORTHWEST OF IQUIQUE, CHILE
An 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile, generating a local tsunami. The USGS reported the earthquake was centered 95 km (59 miles) northwest of Iquique at a depth of 20.1km
More informationLong-term Crustal Deformation in and around Japan, Simulated by a 3-D Plate Subduction Model
Long-term Crustal Deformation in and around Japan, Simulated by a 3-D Plate Subduction Model Chihiro Hashimoto (1) and Mitsuhiro Matsu ura (2) (1) Institute of Frontier Research for Earth Evolution, Japan
More informationFocal mechanism and slip history of the 2011 M w 9.1 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, constrained with teleseismic body and surface waves
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 63, 559 564, 2011 Focal mechanism and slip history of the 2011 M w 9.1 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, constrained with teleseismic body and surface waves Guangfu
More informationRupture process of the largest aftershock of the M 9 Tohoku-oki earthquake obtained from a back-projection approach using the MeSO-net data
LETTER Earth Planets Space, 65, 917 921, 2013 Rupture process of the largest aftershock of the M 9 Tohoku-oki earthquake obtained from a back-projection approach using the MeSO-net data Ryou Honda 1, Yohei
More informationJCR (2 ), JGR- (1 ) (4 ) 11, EPSL GRL BSSA
Dun Wang ( ) In collaboration with: Hitoshi Kawakatsu, Jim Mori, Kazuki Koketsu, Takuto Maeda, Hiroshi Tsuroka, Jiancang Zhunag, Lihua Fang, and Qiang Yao School of Geosciences, China University of Geosciences
More informationSeismic Source Mechanism
Seismic Source Mechanism Yuji Yagi (University of Tsukuba) Earthquake Earthquake is a term used to describe both failure process along a fault zone, and the resulting ground shaking and radiated seismic
More informationSplay fault and megathrust earthquake slip in the Nankai Trough
Earth Planets Space, 53, 243 248, 2001 Splay fault and megathrust earthquake slip in the Nankai Trough Phil R. Cummins, Takane Hori, and Yoshiyuki Kaneda Frontier Research Program for Subduction Dynamics,
More informationLETTER Earth Planets Space, 58, , 2006
LEER Earth lanets Space, 58, 587 592, 26 Revisiting the three M 7 Miyagi-oki earthquakes in the 93s: possible seismogenic slip on asperities that were re-ruptured during the 978 M=7.4 Miyagi-oki earthquake
More informationDifferentiating earthquake tsunamis from other sources; how do we tell the difference?
Differentiating earthquake tsunamis from other sources; how do we tell the difference? David Tappin (1), Stephan Grilli (2), Jeffrey Harris (2), Timothy Masterlark (3), James Kirby (4), Fengyan Shi Shi
More information