Freshwater. 1. The diagram below is a cross-sectional view of rain falling on a farm field and then moving to the water table.

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1 Name: ate: 1. The diagram below is a cross-sectional view of rain falling on a farm field and then moving to the water table. 3. Which conditions produce the most surface water runoff? A. steep slope, heavy rain, and frozen ground B. steep slope, gentle rain, and unfrozen ground. gentle slope, heavy rain, and frozen ground. gentle slope, gentle rain, and unfrozen ground 4. Which process occurs when water vapor moves out of the leaves of a tree into the atmosphere? Which word best describes the movement of the rainwater through zone A? A. condensation B. infiltration. runoff. transpiration A. runoff B. saturation. infiltration. precipitation 2. The graph below shows the discharge rate of a stream during a 1-year period. 5. Which soil condition allows the most infiltration of precipitation? A. saturated soil B. a steep soil surface. a coarse-grained soil. an impermeable surface uring which time span did a water deficit most likely exist in the water budget for the surrounding area? A. January and February B. May and June. August and September. November and ecember page 1

2 6. The accompanying graph shows the maximum possible amounts of water vapor that air can hold at different temperatures. 8. The diagram below shows a model of the water cycle. The arrows show the movement of water molecules through the water cycle. The circled numbers represent the processes that occur as the water molecules reach the different stages of the water cycle. What is the approximate maximum amount of water vapor that a cubic meter of air can hold at 20? omplete the table by identifying the name of the water cycle process occurring at each number. A. 15 g B. 20 g. 25 g. 30 g 7. Most water vapor enters Earth s atmosphere by the processes of A. condensation and precipitation B. radiation and cementation. conduction and convection. evaporation and transpiration 9. The entire area drained by a river and its tributaries is called a A. delta B. watershed. valley. floodplain page 2

3 10. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the cross section below, which shows water flowing out of a well drilled through tilted sedimentary bedrock. Point A represents a location on Earth s surface. 13. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the cross section below, which represents part of Earth s water cycle. Letters A, B,, and represent processes that occur during the cycle. The level of the water table and the extent of the zone of saturation are shown. Explain why point A would be a poor location for a garbage dump or landfill. 11. Which interaction between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere causes most surface ocean currents? A. cooling of rising air above the ocean surface B. evaporation of water from the ocean surface. friction from planetary winds on the ocean surface. seismic waves on the ocean surface 12. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the topographic map below. Points X, Y, and Z are locations on the map. Elevations are expressed in meters. What are two water cycle processes not represented by arrows in this cross section? A. transpiration and condensation B. evaporation and melting. precipitation and freezing. runoff and infiltration 14. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the water budget table shown below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The table contains part of the data for the months of May, June, July, and August. The values shown are in millimeters of water. Maximum storage is 100 millimeters. The major moisture source for all water budgets is A. vegetation B. precipitation. ground water. stream discharge Mill River generally flows toward the A. southeast B. southwest. northeast. northwest page 3

4 15. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the weather satellite photograph of a portion of the United States and Mexico provided below. The photograph shows the clouds of a major hurricane approaching the eastern coastline of Texas and Mexico. The calm center of the hurricane, the eye, is labeled. 17. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the cross section below, which shows water flowing out of a well drilled through tilted sedimentary bedrock. Point A represents a location on Earth s surface. escribe one characteristic of the sandstone layer that allowed part of this layer to become saturated with groundwater. loud droplets form around small particles in the atmosphere. escribe how the hurricane clouds formed from water vapor. Include the terms dewpoint and either condensation or condense in your answer. 16. The arrows in the block diagram below show the movement of water after it has fallen as precipitation. 18. Surface runoff is most likely to be greatest when rainfall lands on a soil surface that is A. porous and flat B. porous and generally sloping. impermeable and gently sloping. unsaturated and flat 19. What is the most effective method for increasing the rate of evaporation of a given amount of water? A. decreasing the water s temperature B. decreasing the air movement over the water s surface. increasing the water s surface area. increasing the air pressure over the water s surface Which arrow indicates the process of transpiration? A. 1 B Which process led to the formation of thick salt deposits found in the bedrock at some locations in New York State? A. melting B. runoff. condensation. evaporation page 4

5 21. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the model and data table shown below. A student constructed a model to demonstrate how water is recycled by natural processes on Earth. The model consisted of a clear plastic tent over a pan containing a bowl of water. The model was sealed so no air could enter or leave the tent. The data table shows the observations recorded when the model was placed in direct sunlight for 60 minutes. 22. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the water cycle diagram shown below. Some arrows are numbered 1 through 4 and represent various processes. Which numbered arrow best represents the process of transpiration? A. 1 B Time (min) ata Table Observations 0 Water level in bowl = 10 cm Inside walls of the plastic tent are dry. Inside air temperature = Water level in bowl = 9.9 cm Small drops of water form on the inside walls of the tent. Inside air temperature = Water level in bowl = 9.8 cm Large drops of water form on the inside walls of the tent. Inside air temperature = 26 If the model is changed and the bowl of water is replaced with a green plant, by which process would the plant supply water vapor to the air inside the tent? page 5

6 Problem-Attic format version c EducAide Software Licensed for use by Lori Zimmerman Terms of Use at 11/21/ A A 8. Number Water ycle Process 1 evaporation 2 transpiration 3 condensation 4 precipitation 5 runoff 6 infiltration The sandstone is permeable. - porous - allows water to pass through - The sandstone layer is exposed at the surface. transpiration A B - Polluted water will seep into the ground at location A. - The water well can become polluted. - Pollution will infiltrate rocks at location A, contaminating groundwater. B B

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