COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY

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1 BY ORDER OF THE COMMANDER 305TH AIR MOBILITY WING (AMC) 305TH AIR MOBILITY WING INSTRUCTION NOVEMBER 2017 Weather WEATHER SUPPORT PROCEDURES COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available for downloading or ordering on the e-publishing website at RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication. OPR: 305 OSS/OSW Supersedes: 305AMWI15-101, 4 August 2011 Certified by: 305 AMW/CC (Col Darren R. Cole) Pages: 53 This instruction implements Air Force Policy Directive 15-1, Air Force Weather Operations, AFI , Functional Resource and Weather Technical Performance Evaluation, AFI , Air Force Weather Roles and Responsibilities, AFI , Operational Reporting, AFI , Air Force Emergency Management (EM) Program Planning and Operations, AFI _IP, Department of Defense Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) System, AFMAN , Air Force Incident Management Guidance for Major Accidents and Natural Disasters, AFMAN , Surface Weather Observations, AFMAN , Meteorological Codes, AFMAN V1, Air and Space Weather Operations- Characterization, AFMAN V2, Air and Space Weather Operations- Exploitation, and Air Mobility Command (AMCI) , Weather Operations and Support. It establishes responsibilities, weather support procedures and provides general information for weather services, including weather observations and forecasts, weather warnings, watches, and advisories; space weather data, information dissemination, and base-wide reciprocal support. It applies to units assigned to the 87th Air Base Wing (ABW), 305th Air Mobility Wing (AMW), 108th Wing (Wg) Air National Guard (ANG), 514th Air Mobility Wing Force Reserves (AFRES) and units assigned, attached, or supported by the Joint Base McGuire- Dix-Lakehurst (JB MDL). Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained In Accordance With (IAW) Air Force Manual (AFMAN) , Management of Records, and disposed of IAW with the Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS) located at Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary

2 2 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Responsibility (OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Form 847s from the field through the appropriate functional s chain of command. SUMMARY OF CHANGES This document has been substantially revised and must be completely reviewed. Major changes include: Adds JB MDL Installation Data Page; adds hours of operations and contact information for the 618th Air Operations Center (Tanker Airlift Control Center) Weather Directorate (618 AOC (TACC)/XOW), the 15th Operational Weather Squadron (15OWS), and Alternate Operation Local (AOL); deletes Chapters 8 and 9 and relocates content to Chapter 2; revisions to Figure 2.1, Table 2.3, Table 2.4, Table 2.6, and Table 2.7; deletes Chapters 5 and 12 and relocates content to Chapter 4; renumbers Chapter 5 to Chapter 10. Chapter 1 CHARACTERIZATION UNIT (UC) & EXPLOITATION UNIT (EU) INTERACTIONS General concept of Operations Responsibilities Table OSS/OSW Duty Priority Listing Hours of Operation Contact Information Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP) Chapter 2 AIRFIELD SUPPORT General Automated Observation Table 2.1. Mandatory Supplementary Weather Conditions TAFs RP Products Table 2.2. Weather Watches Table 2.3. Weather Warnings Table 2.4. Weather Advisories Dissemination Process Table 2.5. Notification Priority Figure 2.1. Weather Pyramid Alerting... 17

3 305AMWI NOVEMBER Cooperative Weather Watch (CWW) PMSV Support Emergency Action(s) Response Table 2.6. conditions Requiring SWAP Activation Chapter 3 MISSION SERVICES General Flying Missions MWP MISSIONWATCH Post-Mission Analysis/Feedback Transient Aircrew Support Non-Flying Missions Space Weather Impacts Chapter 4 STAFF SERVICES General Staff Meteorological Functions Staff Integration Functions Reciprocal Support Chapter 5 WEATHER EQUIPMENT General Meteorological Equipment communications Equipment Maintenance Table 5.1. Equipment Maintenance List Table 5.2. Equipment Restoral Priorities Building Power

4 4 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Attachment 1 GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION 31 Attachment 2 SPECIAL WEATHER OBSERVATION CRITERIA 36 Attachment 3 FORECAST SPECIFICATION AND AMENDMENT CRITERIA 39 Attachment 4 SAMPLE WEATHER PRODUCT DISSEMINATION FORMAT/INTERPRETATION OBSERVATION/TAF/WWAS 41 Attachment 5 CUSTOMER RESPONSE MATRIX 46 Attachment 6 FLYING UNITS SUPPORTED & MISSION LIMITING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 47 Attachment 7 MISSION EXECUTION FORECAST EXAMPLE 53

5 305AMWI NOVEMBER Chapter 1 CHARACTERIZATION UNIT (UC) & EXPLOITATION UNIT (EU) INTERACTIONS 1.1. General. The 15 OWS, the 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW, and the 305 OSS/OSW are the official weather information agencies for JB MDL, New Jersey. These agencies provide weather information in support of the 305 AMW, 87 ABW, 514 AMW, 108 Wg, and subordinate units and units assigned, attached, or supported by JB MDL. The 305 OSS/OSW is commonly referred to as the Weather Flight (WF) and is the focal point for all weather-related issues. This instruction is reviewed and revised no greater than biennially or IAW with host/parent unit procedures if the time is less than biennially The 15 OWS is considered the CU. Characterization encompasses the collect, analyze and predict weather core competencies. Characterization depends on Air Force Weather s ability to collect accurate data, correctly analyze that data, and use the results to produce a coherent picture of the present and future state of the air and space environment OSS/OSW and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW are considered EUs. Exploitation is the ability to minimize the impact of environmental threats to friendly forces while simultaneously capitalizing on environmental conditions that maximize the operational advantage over enemy forces. Exploitation units tailor the characterization provided by the CU. Tailoring is the extraction of data that is pertinent to a specific mission profile from the overall characterization of the air and space environment. Tailoring does not mean changing the characterization. To the greatest extent possible, exploitation units utilize the characterized data provided to them concept of Operations. The 15 OWS at Scott AFB, Illinois, provides regional and operational-level weather products and information to Air Force and Army units in the northeast region of the Continental United States (CONUS) Meteorological Watch (METWATCH). The 15 OWS performs a continuous METWATCH for JB MDL. METWATCH is a deliberate process for monitoring terrestrial weather or the space environment in an area or region. The purpose of a METWATCH is to identify when and where observed conditions significantly diverge from forecast conditions, determine courses of action to update or amend a forcast product or group of products, and notify designated agencies The WF and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW are the primary source of tailored weather services in support of the 305 AMW, 87 ABW, 514 AMW, 108 Wg, various headquarters elements, and visiting aircrews. The WF and and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW make every effort to ensure that mission-limiting weather is anticipated and exploited, and that safety and Resource Protection (RP) are maintained Responsibilities. General responsibilities of the 15 OWS and WF are outlined in AFI , para 4.1. and para 6.2., respectively the 15 OWS issues the McGuire Field (KWRI) TAF, forecast WWAs for McGuire Field/Ft Dix (to include all ranges up to 5.3NM from the center of the runway complex) and Maxfield Field (KNEL) Lakehurst, Special Weather Statements (SWS), and may provide flight weather briefings to transient aircrews passing through JB MDL. Additionally, the

6 6 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 OWS issues observed warnings and advisories when the WF is closed. Issuing WWAs for up to 5.3NM deviates from AFMAN15-129V1 standard area of no larger than 5 NM and is due to local requirements The WF issues all observed advisories and warnings when the WF is open The WF creates MWPs that fuse theater scale products with local mission requirements to enable the direct inject of weather impacts into warfighter planning and/or execution. The WF provides or arranges for flight weather briefings support for transient aircrews IAW the WF duty priorities listed in Table AOC (TACC)/XOW provides flight weather briefings and operational weather support for the 305 AMW, 514 AMW, and 108 Wg JB MDL Installation Data Page. The 15 OWS and WF coordinate on and maintain the JB MDL Installation Data Page. Data page details include TAF specification and amendment criteria, WWA thresholds for KWRI and KNEL, desired lead times, mission impacts, unit information, Joint Environmental Toolkit (JET) back-up contacts and local outage back-up information. oint%20base%20data%20page.xlsx Eyes Forward & Collaboration. The WF acts as the eyes forward for the 15 OWS by relaying significant, time-sensitive meteorological information not found in coded meteorological reports to the assist in forecast operations Duty Priorities. All WF tasks cannot be accomplished simultaneously. Therefore, IAW AFMAN V2 the WF has established the duty priorities listed in Table 1.1. based on their order of relative importance to mission accomplishment. Since not all situations affecting operations at JB MDL can be anticipated, WF personnel use sound risk management principles to determine the need to recall additional personnel to assist in meeting surges in operations. Table OSS/OSW Duty Priority Listing Priority Duties 1 Perform Emergency War Order (EWO) taskings 2 Execute WF evacuation 3 Respond to Aircraft/Ground emergencies 4 PMSV Contacts 5 Issue observed Weather Warnings, Watches, or Advisories as required 6 Severe Weather Action Plan (SWAP) Operations 7 8 Augment Automated Meteorological Observing System (AMOS) Observation for Mandatory Elements (Supplement/Back-up) Collaborate with 15 OWS / Provide Eyes Forward (Assume KWRI TAF/WWA support due to 15 OWS outages/exercises)

7 305AMWI NOVEMBER Mission Execution Forecast Process Produce and Disseminate Forecasts (Assume KWRI Mission Weather Services support due to 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW outages 9 (Integrated Flight Management (IFM) and non-ifm support) and exercises (non-ifm support) 10 Disseminate Urgent Pilot Reports (PIREPs) 11 Disseminate routine PIREPs locally and to the 15 OWS (as required) 12 Perform MISSIONWATCH Activities 13 Provide Briefings 14 Weather Functional Training 15 Accomplish Administrative Tasks 1.4. Hours of Operation WF. Airfield and mission services are normally available on a 24/7 basis. Staff services are available Monday-Friday 0730L-1630L or as required The AMC/A3 may authorize modified weather service duty hours for temporary manning issues IAW AFI _IP, a NOTAM will be issued for changes in service hours that do not exceed 90 days. Changes in service hours anticipated to exceed 90 days will be reflected in the appropriate Flight Information Publication (FLIP) The WF will maintain a forecaster on telephone standby whenever AMC/A3 authorizes modified weather service hours. WF forecaster recall requirements are outlined in para OWS and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW. Hours of operation are 24/7, 365 days a year A web-based aircrew-briefing terminal is located in the base operations flight planning room. This briefing terminal allows aircrews to self-brief or schedule a flight weather briefing from the 15 OWS Contact Information WF (609) /3568 / DSN / WF AOL (609) /3568 / DSN / PMSV MHz AOC (TACC)/XOW (618) / DSN OWS (618) / DSN Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP). Continuity of support to the installation and flying operations is susceptible to equipment and communication outages at the 15 OWS, 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW, and WF. The WF participates in various wing, 15 OWS, and AMC COOP exercises to maintain procedures for and proficiency at tasks necessary to ensure continuity of operations.

8 8 305AMWI NOVEMBER WF COOP. In the event of a building evacuation, the WF will re-establish support to installation and flying operations from an AOL. During AOL activation, weather information may be obtained via the phone numbers listed in para WF members utilize evacuation checklists and standard operating procedures (SOPs) to expedite resumption of installation weather support. If access to observing sensing equipment readouts is lost, manual equipment is used to take observations. Expect some services to be degraded (weather products, pilot briefings, etc.) due to facility limitations and loss of dedicated data services, including sensors and various data types (meteorological satellite (METSAT), radar imagery, etc.). For flight safety reasons, the WF does not evacuate during exercises OWS COOP For short-term disruptions in 15 OWS support (up to 72 hours), the WF assumes local TAF and WWA responsibility For long-term disruptions in 15 OWS support (greater than 72 hours), the 15 OWS plan is to resume all support from an alternate location AOC (TACC)/XOW COOP. IAW AMCI , if the 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW loses the capability to provide flight weather briefing services, the WF assumes responsibility for all JB MDL IFM and non-ifm weather packages. If the WF is unable to provide the required support, briefing responsibility is transferred to the 15 OWS AMC Weather COOP Exercises. AMC weather units typically conduct coordinated COOP exercises on the second Wednesday/Thursday of each month. The WF may conduct COOP exercises at other times to maximize training opportunities. AMC/A3AW issues Special Instructions (SPINS) outlining the functions and capabilities that are to be exercised. As a courtesy, the WF coordinates COOP timelines and potential impacts with supported units prior to all scheduled COOPs Global Decision Support System (GDSS) Proficiency/Outage Exercise. GDSS proficiency exercises ensure the WF is prepared to support continuity of operations during 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW evacuations, operational surges beyond 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW s capability to support, or GDSS outages. During 618 AOC (TACC)/COW GDSS proficiency/outage exercises, the WF: Provides mission weather packages through GDSS or alternate means if a GDSS outage is simulated Ensures all briefing packages are completed and available to the aircrews NLT 4 hours prior to scheduled departure Manual/Tactical Observing Exercise. Manual/Tactical observing exercises ensure the WF is proficient in the use of tactical weather systems and manual observing methods needed to continue the dissemination of accurate weather operations during partial or total failure of the installation s automated observing system. Additionally, these exercises provide the opportunity to conduct required operations checks of deployable weather equipment and ensure WF personnel are proficient in its operation. During manual/tactical observing exercises the WF: Follows AMC/A3AW published SPINS. These SPINS contain the specifics for each exercise.

9 305AMWI NOVEMBER Ensures all personnel are certified on manual/tactical observing AOL Exercise. AOL exercises fulfill the AFMAN V2 requirements for WF leadership to ensure all personnel are task certified to operate at the AOL and meet annual exercise requirements. Prior to the exercise, WF leadership must ensure that the AOL has a view of the airfield complex and that adequate communications are available.

10 10 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Chapter 2 AIRFIELD SUPPORT 2.1. General. Airfield support includes those actions affecting the KWRI aerodrome (locally defined within a 5.3NM radius of the airfield) or JB MDL as a whole. These functions include, but may not be limited to, weather observing, meteorological watch, and resource protection Automated Observation. The FMQ-19 AMOS works in concert with the JET to evaluate, prepare, and transmit weather observations for KWRI. IAW AFMAN , automated systems at AF and Army controlled airfields are to operate in full-automated mode except under the conditions specified in paragraphs and The three basic types of observations provided are METAR, SPECI, and LOCAL Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR). METAR is a routine scheduled observation disseminated locally and long-line between 55 and 59 minutes after the hour. METAR contains a complete report of wind, visibility, runway visual range, present weather and obstructions, sky condition, temperature, dew point, and altimeter setting. In addition, a METAR may contain encoded and/or plain language information that elaborates on data in the report Aviation Selected Special Weather Report (SPECI ). SPECI is an unscheduled observation completed and transmitted when any of the KWRI special criteria listed in Attachment 2 are observed or sensed. SPECI contains all data elements found in a METAR plus additional remarks that elaborate on data in the body of the report A SPECI is prepared and transmitted as soon as possible after the relevant criteria are observed Operators requiring an observation for a threshold not listed in Attachment 2 should contact the WF at any of the numbers listed in paragraph Attachment 4 contains an example SPECI weather observation Aviation Selected Local Weather Report (LOCAL ). LOCAL is an unscheduled observation, not meeting SPECI criteria. When performing FMQ-19 backup the WF takes a single element LOCAL for altimeter setting, at an interval not to exceed 35 minutes, when there has been a change of one or more altimeter settings since the last reported altimeter value Point Of Observation. The Point of Observation is the official point where a weather observation is taken. On McGuire Field, the point of observation is where the reporting FMQ-19 sensor is located. During periods of augmentation from the primary site, the point of observation is approximately 50 feet away from the south side of building 1758 (Airfield Operations). When augmentation is required from the AOL, the point of observation is on the 2nd floor balcony Observation Location Limitations The FMQ-19 is properly sited and no limitations are currently noted.

11 305AMWI NOVEMBER When augmenting observations at the primary site (building 1758), surrounding buildings and obstructions significantly limit the observers view in all directions. Additionally, observers may not hear thunder due to the level of noise on the flight line When augmenting observations at the AOL, no limitations are currently noted. As such, if FMQ-19 augmentation is required for more than 2 hours and manning levels allow, a weather observer will relocate from the primary site to the AOL and perform FMQ-19 augmentation from there until the FMQ-19 no longer requires augmentation Automated FMQ-19 Observation. An automated observation is any observation evaluated, prepared, and transmitted by an observing system without human intervention. When operating in automated mode, the FMQ-19 determines sky condition based on an evaluation of sensor data gathered during the 30-minute period ending at the actual time of the observation. All other evaluated elements are based on sensor data that is within 10 minutes or less of the actual time of the observation FMQ-19 Augmentation. Augmentation is a method of having a position-qualified weather technician manually add or edit data to an observation generated by the FMQ-19. WF personnel do not augment the FMQ-19 when the airfield is closed except when tornadic activity is occurring or forecast to occur. The two augmentation processes used are supplementing and back-up Supplementing. Supplementing is the process of manually adding meteorological information to an observation generated by the FMQ-19 that is beyond the system s capability to detect and/or report. For example, the sensor cannot sense tornadoes or hail Supplementing procedures. WF WF personnel supplement observations when the airfield is open and the weather conditions in Table 2.1. are observed or are forecast to occur within 1 hour. Additionally, WF personnel are required to log on to an AMOS and be prepared to supplement whenever a watch is valid or warning has been issued for tornadic activity. Table 2.1. Mandatory Supplementary Weather Conditions Mandatory Supplementary Weather Conditions Body of Report Tornado (+FC) (Note 1) Funnel Cloud (FC) (Note 1) Waterspout (+FC) (Note 1) Hail (GR) (Local warning criteria only) Volcanic Ash (VA) Ice Pellets (PL) Mandatory Supplementary Weather Conditions Remarks Section of Report Funnel Cloud (Tornadic Activity_B/E(hh)mm_LOC/DIR_(MOV)) (Note 1) Snow Depth (Note 2) (only during airfield operating hours) Tower Visibility (Note 3) Notes: 1. The immediate reporting of funnel clouds takes precedence over any other phenomenon. 2. Remarks and Additive Data references are provided in AFMAN , Attachment 3.

12 12 305AMWI NOVEMBER Whenever the surface prevailing visibility and/or the tower prevailing visibility is less than 4SM and the reported values differ Back-up. Back-up is a method of manually providing meteorological data and/or dissemination of an FMQ-19 generated observation when the primary automated method is not operational or unavailable due to sensor and/or communication failure Back-up procedures. In the event of FMQ-19 malfunction or failure, back-up procedures are implemented during airfield operating hours and/or if tornadic activity is occurring or forecast to occur. WF personnel use manual observing procedures when performing back-up operations. When required, the WF encodes and disseminates METAR and SPECI observations IAW AFMAN All element entries are observed within 15 minutes of the actual time of the observation with the exception of wind gusts and squalls, which are reported only if they are observed within 10 minutes of the time of the observation. When utilizing a properly sited TMQ-53 as back-up equipment, wind values are estimated. When utilizing any other form of back-up equipment, or when the TMQ-53 has not been sited IAW FCM-S4-1994, pressure and wind values are estimated TAFs. KWRI TAFs are produced and disseminated by the 15 OWS IAW AFI , AFMAN , AFMAN V1, and the JB MDL Installation Data Page. TAFs are valid for 30 hours, apply to the area within 5.3NM of the KWRI airfield complex, and are issued at 0200, 1000, and 1800 Zulu time. Attachment 3 lists forecast specification and amendment criteria. Attachment 4 contains an example of a typical KWRI TAF RP Products. SWSs and weather WWAs are special notices used to alert decision makers that hazardous weather is occurring or that there is a potential for hazardous weather to occur within the area of operations. Customer responses to WWAs are listed in Attachment SWS. A notice issued by the 15 OWS to assist with RP decisions. SWS advise of the potential for widespread hazardous weather conditions in a specified geographical region. The WF utilizes the SWS to assist in maintaining situational awareness of environmental conditions that have the potential to negatively impact JB MDL or the local flying area Weather Watch. A special notice to notify installation personnel and supported units of the potential for environmental conditions of such intensity as to pose a hazard to life or property. Watches are issued for the criteria defined in Table 2.2. and are valid for a 5.3NM radius from the center of the McGuire Field runway complex Watches are standalone products based upon potential and are unaffected by warnings or advisories for the same phenomena Multiple watches may be in effect at the same time. Table 2.2. Weather Watches Watch Type Criteria Desired Lead Time Tornado within 5NM As potential warrants

13 305AMWI NOVEMBER Severe Thunderstorms Damaging Hail Damaging Winds Moderate Thunderstorms Large Hail High Winds Damaging Winds (non-convective) Freezing > 3/4 inch > 50 knots > 1/4 inch but < 3/4 inch > 35 knots but < 50 knots As potential warrants As potential warrants > 50 knots As potential warrants any intensity As potential warrants Precipitation Heavy Rain 2 inch accumulation within 12 hours As potential warrants Heavy Snow > 2 inch accumulation within 12 hours As potential warrants Lightning within 5NM 30 Minutes Blizzard Duration 3 hrs, sustained winds/gusts 30 kts, considerable falling and/or blowing snow, with prevailing visibility frequently < 1/4 SM As potential warrants (all criteria must be met) Strong Winds 35 knots but < 50 knots As potential warrants Weathering Warning. A special notice to inform installation personnel when an established weather condition of such intensity as to pose a hazard to life or property is occurring or is expected to occur. Warnings are issued for criteria defined in Table 2.3. and are valid for a 5.3NM radius from the center of the McGuire Field runway complex Only one warning can be I effect at a time. When multiple warning criteria are forecast to occur, a single warning containing all applicable criteria is issued. A separate valid time may be specified for each criterion as necessary. Exception: Tornado and lightning warnings are issued separately from other warnings Warnings provide concise information outlining environmental threats. If a warning is issued for one weather criterion and it becomes necessary to warn for another weather criterion, a new warning, with a new number, is issued Forecast warnings take precedence over advisories for the same phenomenon and should maintain horizontal consistency with TAFs and other forcasts products. Table 2.3. Weather Warnings Warning Type Criteria Desired Lead Time Tornado within 5NM 15 minutes Severe Thunderstorms Damaging Hail Damaging Winds Moderate Thunderstorms Large Hail High Winds > 3/4 inch > 50 knots > 1/4 inch but < 3/4 inch > 35 knots but < 50 knots 1 hour 1 hour

14 14 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Damaging Winds (non-convective) > 50 knots 1 hour Strong Winds (non-convective) > 35 knots but < 50 knots 1 hour Freezing Precipitation any intensity 1 hour Heavy Rain > 2 inch accumulation within < 12 hours 1 hour Heavy Snow > 2 inch accumulation within < 12 hours 1 hour Blizzard Duration 3 hrs, sustained winds/gusts 30 kts, considerable falling and/or blowing snow, with prevailing visibility frequently < 1/4 SM (all criteria 1 hour must be met) Lightning within 5NM Observed Observed Weather Warnings. Lightning Warnings are the only observed warning issued for McGuire Field. Lightning warnings are issued when lightning is observed within 5.3NM, either visually or via the National Lightning Detection Network. Lightning warnings are cancelled when lightning has not been observed within the past 15 minutes and radar indicates thunderstorms are no longer occurring within 5.3NM Weather Advisories. A notice to inform end users when an established environmental condition effecting operations is occurring or is expected to occur at McGuire Field. Weather advisory criteria are defined in Table 2.4. Table 2.4. Weather Advisories. Criteria Surface winds 25 knots but < 35 knots Desired Lead Time 1 hour Frost on Station 18Z Day Prior Crosswinds 20 knots (Note 1) Observed Low Level Wind Shear Observed Wind chill temperature -20 F Observed Moderate Snow ½ inch but < 2 inches accumulation in 12 hours 1 hour Lightning within 25NM Observed Lightning within 10NM Observed Notes: 1. Crosswinds are calculated based on the maximum observed wind speed (to include gusts) and worst case observed direction including variability WWA numbering Scheme. WWAs are numbered consecutively by identifying the type of weather message (watch, warning, or advisory) followed by a five-digit number. The first two numbers indicate the current month while the second three numbers indicate the sequence number. For example, the message Weather Warning means the month is February (02) and this is the fifth (005) warning issued in the month. The message Weather Advisory means the month is December (12) and this is the thirteenth (013) advisory issued in the month. An example of an observed weather advisory is contained in Attachment 4.

15 305AMWI NOVEMBER WWA Upgrades/Downgrades. An upgrade is a change to an active WWA resulting from adding additional WWA phenomenon or an increase in phenomenon intensity that crosses to a higher threshold (e.g., winds increase from 35 knots to 50 knots). A downgrade is a change to an active WWA resulting from removing WWA phenomenon or a decrease in phenomenon intensity that crosses to a lower threshold (e.g., hail decreases from ¾ inch to ¼ inch) WWA Amendments. Amendments are issued when an active WWA no longer adequately describes a phenomenon s expected occurrence. All amendments are issued with a new WWA number and should clearly state what affect the new WWA has on any previously issued notices WWA Extensions. Extensions are issued when a phenomenon occurrence is expected to last longer than originally forecast. Extensions are issued prior to the expiration of the original WWA utilizing the same WWA number. Extensions should clearly state what effect they have on any previously issued notices WWA Cancellation. WWA are cancelled when the weather phenomena is no longer occurring or expected to occur. WWAs not extended or cancelled automatically expire at the end of the valid period. Observed advisories are cancelled when the criteria has not occurred in the last 30 minutes. See para for cancellation of observed lightning warnings Dissemination Process Observations. Observations taken by either the FMQ-19 or the weather technician are disseminated via JET. When JET is nonoperational, the WF relays observations to the following organizations in order of priority listed in Table 2.5. Table 2.5. Notification Priority. 1. Air Traffic Control (ATC) Tower commercial (609) JB MDL (87 ABW)/Command Post (CP) commercial (609) / Base Operations commercial (609) OWS commercial (618) TAFs. 15 OWS disseminates TAFs via JET. If JET is nonoperational, the WF disseminates that TAF to ATC and 87 ABW/CP via telephone, fax, or SWSs. 15 OWS transmits SWSs to WF leadership via . WF leadership forwards SWSs to 305 AMW leadership WWAs. The 15 OWS or the WF enters WWAs into JET for dissemination to ATC, 87 ABW/CP, and 305 OSS/OSA Airfield Management.If JET is out-of-service, the 15 OWS or the WF disseminates WWAs via back-up calls. Upon notification, units identified in Figure 2.1. should further disseminate all WWAs using the pyramid notification scheme. In addition, the 87 ABW/CP disseminates all WWAs via and/or AtHoc Lightning Warnings. All lightning warnings are disseminated by the 87 ABW/CP to the base populace via the Giant Voice system.

16 16 305AMWI NOVEMBER Tornado Warnings. The 87 ABW/CP has the primary responsibility for sounding the base siren for a tornado warning issuance. In the event the CP system is malfunctioning, the 305 OSS/OSA sounds the siren.

17 305AMWI NOVEMBER Figure 2.1. Weather Pyramid Alerting

18 18 305AMWI NOVEMBER Cooperative Weather Watch (CWW). The WF and ATC have established a CWW IAW AFMAN The agreement outlines each unit s responsibilities when specific meteorological phenomena are observed. Of primary concern is the report of tower visibility differing from the prevailing surface visibility, local PIREPs, and any occurrence of previously unreported weather conditions that could affect flight safety or be critical to the safety or efficiency of other local operations and resources. WF technicians and ATC personnel should thoroughly understand and be able to execute the CWW agreement. Specifically: McGuire Field Tower personnel: Notify the weather technician when the observed tower prevailing visibility decreases to less than or increases to equal or exceed the 1, 2, 3, or 4 mile thresholds and is different than the surface prevailing visibility Notify the weather technician whenever there are operationally significant changes to the tower prevailing visibility and the tower visibility is different than the currently reported surface prevailing visibility Notify the weather technician when PIREPs are received of previously unreported weather conditions that could affect flight safety or be critical to the safety or efficiency of other local operations and resources. PIREP information should be relayed to weather personnel no later than 5 minutes after receipt Notify the weather technician when tower personnel detect significant weather phenomena (i.e., lightning, precipitation, low ceilings, etc.) and the phenomena is not reflected in the current surface weather observation mcguire AFB weather technicians: Re-evaluate the surface weather observation when tower personnel report significant weather phenomena not reflected in the current observation Include a tower visibility remark in the next METAR or SPECI when either the surface prevailing visibility or the control tower prevailing visibility is less than 4 statute miles (6000 meters) and they differ by one or more reportable values ATC Limited Observation Training. The 305 OSS/OSW oversees the JB MDL Limited Observation Training Program. ATC personnel requiring training should contact the WF Chief at DSN /Commercial (609) to schedule an appointment. To satisfy Limited Observation Training requirements, personnel are required to pass computerbased training and receive an orientation of the weather facilities PMSV Support. Weather information is available via PMSV during duty hours on frequency MHz. The duty forecaster monitors PMSV traffic for all aircraft contacts. For aircraft outside the range of our PMSV system, the WF or 15 OWS can provide PMSV support through a phone patch to the 87 ABW/CP (DSN /Commercial (609) ). PMSV outages are discussed in para Emergency Action(s) Response Aircraft mishap. When notified of an aircraft mishap, the WF initiates a save of applicable data used in the development of any weather products provided. Archived weather data is available to investigating agencies upon request.

19 305AMWI NOVEMBER If the WF provided the MWP, the WF notifies the 15 OWS Operations Floor Production Supervisor of all aircraft mishaps as soon as possible after notification of the event. The WF coordinates with the 15 OWS to save all applicable data and products. If products from other OWSs were used, the WF coordinates with all applicable OWSs to ensure the correct data is saved. OWSs save sufficient data in order to fully reconstruct environmental conditions before and after the mishap If an OWS, 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW, or another WF provided the MWP, they are responsible for conducting the data save in coordination with any other Air Force weather units involved SWAP. The SWAP ensures sufficient manpower is available to meet the increased demand for timely weather information during significant weather events. During normal duty hours, the WF duty forecaster initiates the SWAP when any of the criteria in Table 2.6. are forecast to occur. During non-duty hours, the 15 OWS notifies the WF standby forecaster when conditions listed in Table 2.6. are forecast to occur. Upon notification from the 15 OWS, the WF standby forecaster initiates the SWAP. Table 2.6. conditions Requiring SWAP Activation Conditions Requiring Notification/Activation of SWAP standby member Weather Condition Desired Notification/ Activation Lead Time 1. One of the following Weather Watches is issued by 15 OWS: A. Tornado As potential warrants B. Severe Thunderstorm (Hail 3/4 inch and/or Winds 50 knots ) As potential warrants C. Damaging Winds ( 50 knots) As potential warrants D. Freezing Precipitation (Any Intensity) As potential warrants E. Heavy Snow ( 2 inches in 12 hrs.) As potential warrants F. Blizzard ( 3hr of winds 30 knots with visibility < 1/4SM) As potential warrants 2. One of the following Weather Warnings/Advisory is issued by 15 OWS: A. Tornado within 5 NM 15 minutes B. Severe Thunderstorm (Hail 3/4 inch and/or Winds 50 knots ) 60 minutes C. Damaging Winds ( 50 knots) 60 minutes D. Freezing Precipitation (Any Intensity) 60 minutes E. Heavy Snow ( 2 inches in 12 hrs.) 60 minutes F. Blizzard ( 3hr of winds 30 knots with visibility < 1/4SM) 60 minutes G. Moderate Snow ( 1/2 inch in 12 hrs.) 60 minutes 3. Any of the following occurs which may impact operations: A. Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issues a severe weather watch for Burlington/Ocean County B. National Weather Service (NWS) issues a severe weather warning for Burlington/Ocean County C. Notification of CAT activation (requiring a weather representative) D. Any indication of winter storm (freezing precipitation, moderate-heavy snow accumulation,

20 20 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 blizzard) WF Forecaster Recall Requirements. The WF standby forecaster is notified/recalled under the following circumstances; The 15 OWS notifies the standby forecaster prior to issuing any watch or warning for JB MDL ATC via the 87 ABW/CP or the 15 OWS notifies the standby forecaster when automated weather sensor display data is unavailable The 15 OWS notifies the standby forecaster when observations are not being transmitted or are not representative of current conditions Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-yield Explosive (CBRNE) Response. The works closely with Emergency Management (EM) to ensure supported commanders receive the relevant information needed to obtain a timely and accurate picture of the environmental situation. Upon request, the WF provides EM: Surface observations and/or alphanumeric forecasts representative of the location and time of the CBRNE event the appropriate Chemical Downwind Messages obtained from the servicing CU.

21 305AMWI NOVEMBER Chapter 3 MISSION SERVICES 3.1. General. The WF, 15 OWS, and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW support JB MDL flying and non-flying missions. This chapter identifies the flying and non-flying missions and the weather support provided Flying Missions. The WF and 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW provide weather support to the flying units listed in Attachment 6. The bulk of flying operations at JB MDL are supported by the 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW MWP. MWPs fuse theater scale products with local mission requirements enabling the direct inject of weather impacts into warfighter planning and/or execution. The result is a product designed to provide timely, accurate, and relevant environmental information for planning and execution. MWPs should horizontally consistent with (but not necessarily mirror) products issued by any OWS, 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW and 557th Weather Wing (557 WW) GDSS Weather Briefings. GDSS is the primary command and control (C2) system used by AMC owned/gained flying units to obtain weather briefings. GDSS provides a unique product that incorporates the requirements of all JB MDL-based flying units into a common format. Updates can be obtained by calling 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW at DSN / Commercial (618) , or by contacting the WF at DSN /Commercial (609) OSS/OSW Mission Execution Forecast (MEF). The 305 OSS/OSW MEF is used to provide standardized weather briefings to non-amc owned/gained flying units that are briefed by the WF. In the event of a GDSS outage, the WF may also use the 305 OSS/OSW MEF when executing 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW COOP procedures. An example 305 OSS/OSW MEF is in Attachment Contingency/Exercise Crisis Action Team (CAT) Brief. The WF will provide weather briefings as required for CAT briefings. This includes wartime, real-world emergency, exercise, and deployment briefings. Each briefing will be flexible in format and tailored to provide the appropriate weather intelligence required as directed by wing leadership MISSIONWATCH. A deliberate process for monitoring terrestrial weather or the space environment for specific mission-limiting environmental factors that may adversely impact missions in execution. The MISSIONWACH process is intended to identify previously unidentified environmental threats and alert decision-makers at the operational unit and/or airborne mission commanders, enabling dynamic changes to mission profiles that may mitigate the environmental threat and optimize the chance of mission success WF Briefed Sorties. The WF utilizes a continuous MISSIONWATCH process to validate that MWPs accurately reflect environmental conditions. When MWPs differ from observed conditions to the extent that it has the potential to impact operations, the WF coordinates MWP amendments/updates with the appropriate OWS. Additionally, when previously unforecasted weather conditions expose a mission to potential risk, the WF

22 22 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 directly updates the 87 ABW/CP. The 87 ABW/CP retains responsibility for relaying updated weather information to the aircrew AOC (TACC)/XOW Briefed Sorties. 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW performs MISSIONWATCH and weather risk assessment for all 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW briefed sorties. 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW uses the Weather Threat Assessment (WTA) to relay information on missions considered at risk based on the Operational Risk Management Thresholds identified in AMCI Users can access the WTA at The ABW/CP automatically receives WTA notifications for wing-specific missions through a subscription service. Upon receipt of weather threat notification, the CP notifies appropriate Squadron Operations Centers/aircrews to pass along weather threats and instruct the aircrew to contact 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW to mitigate the threat The WF performs a continuous MISSIONWATCH on all non-ifm 305 AMW, 108 Wg and 514 AMW sorties. Additionally, the WF monitors GDSS for situational awareness on IFM missions. The WF coordinates with 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW whenever observed weather conditions deviate significantly from the published WTA Post-Mission Analysis/Feedback. Aircrews should contact 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW or the WF with post-mission information and/or follow-up support. 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW and the WF utilize customer feedback to improve internal processes and enhance training, forecast proficiency, and product accuracy. Formal/informal feedback methods include: Completion of 305 OSW/OSW feedback worksheet or 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW feedback solicitation Phone call or an to 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW or the WF Face-to-face feedback after briefing and/or mission completion Transient Aircrew Support. Transient aircrews may submit request for flight weather briefings (175-1s) in person or via phone using the contact information listed in Para 1.5. If the WF workload is such that they are unable to support transient crew requests (see Table 1.1. for WF duty priorities), the WF may direct aircrews to contact the 15 OWS briefing cell for flight weather information. The 15 OWS briefing cell can be reached at DSN /9702, commercial (618) /9702, or via web access from the aircrew briefing terminal located in the flight planning room Non-Flying Missions. The WF and 15 OWS support various non-flying missions (e.g., Wg Picnic, change of command ceremonies, Morale Welfare and Recreation, etc.) with tailored forecast support and RP products (WWAs). Specific support to non-flying missions is identified in Chapter 4. Specialized weather information can be provided to support any non-flying mission upon request. Non-governmental agencies should request weather information and support through 305 Public Affairs Space Weather Impacts. JB MDL has a wide-variety of operations affected by various space-weather parameters (High Frequency and Ultra High Frequency communication, radar, Global Positioning System communications, etc.). The WF and 618 AOC(TACC)/XOW provide

23 305AMWI NOVEMBER space impacts on their MWPs. More detailed space environmental situational awareness products are available at

24 24 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Chapter 4 STAFF SERVICES 4.1. General. Staff services are typically accomplished by WF leadership. These include meteorological functions (briefings), ensuring the WF is trained and equipped for day-to-day operations, and cultivating relationships with base agencies to ensure WF support is optimal. Daily staff briefing are typically accomplished by the on duty forecaster Staff Meteorological Functions. Staff meteorological functions aid leadership in identifying and understanding specific weather and environmental impacts. The WF is available to assist commanders in determining weather support requirements and impacts to operations. Examples of staff meteorological functions provided are: AMW Staff Briefings. Staff weather briefings for 305 AMW (Wing stand up) are provided as required. Operations take precedence. Due to manning constraints, a briefer may be unavailable. Standard information provided includes satellite picture, radar imagery, daily weather story, and a 5-day JB MDL weather outlook with a focus on any affected Wing events. A daily weather slide presentation is provided to the 305 AMW. Standard information includes a surface analysis chart, the 5-day JB MDL weather outlook and 5-day weather ORM outlook stoplight chart. Slides are updated daily NLT 0500L and can be accessed via Installation Control Center (ICC)/Crisis Action Team (CAT) Briefings. The WF provides weather support as required for ICC/CAT briefings. This includes real-world emergency, exercise, and deployment briefings. Each briefing is tailored to provide the appropriate weather intelligence required by the 87 ABW, 305 AMW, 108 Wg, 514 AMW, and/or 621 CRW leadership. Due to lack of communications connectivity within the CAT, reach-back support to the forecaster desk is required Instrument Refresher Course (IRC) Briefings. IAW AFMAN , Instrument Refresher Course (IRC) Program, computer based training is available for the weather portion of the briefing. If requested, the WF can provide a briefer to discuss more detailed local weather effects and impacts. This briefing includes airfield and mission services, WF capabilities, RP, seasonal/regional weather and space weather impacts (when applicable) Winter Weather Timeline. The JB MDL WF monitors forecast and model trends for indication of winter weather. Whether a reasonable consensus in model and forecast judgement indicates a possibility of winter weather within 5 days, but greater than 60 hours, an initial notification will be ed to base agencies included in the significant weather distribution list. When winter weather is expected to impact JB MDL within 60 hours, a winter weather timeline slide will be produced and sent to JB MDL agencies. The winter weather slide will be updated every 12 hours at a minimum at 0600L & 1800L, or as requested by leadership. Additional updates will be sent as necessary when conditions change and an update is warranted or requested by leadership. Timeline includes 3 hourly block forecasts of weather, intensity, visibility, ceiling, winds and temperature until 24 hours after the event Tropical Weather Briefing. WF forecasters will monitor tropical activity in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic during the tropical season as part of routine operations. At a

25 305AMWI NOVEMBER minimum, SA of potential tropical systems will be completed prior to producing the 5 day product, and before the next day s 5 day product is developed The OWS will produce a TC-TAP for locations within their area of responsibility (AOR) expected to receive sustained winds > 35-knots during the next 96 hours as a result of a tropical cyclone The WF will fully utilize and not deviate from the OWS TC-TAP once it has been issued. The TC-TAP is derived from specialized tropical forecast organizations (i.e. NHC). This product will be used to provide installation commander(s) with tailored forecasts of the expected onset, intensity, end times of significant winds, and closet point of approach for the associated storm The TC-TAP forecast cone and data including the expected onset, intensity, end times of significant winds (i.e. 35 and 50KT), and closest point of approach will be included in our MWP and briefed to all installation agencies as required. Note: NHC (Atlantic Ocean) products will be fully utilized (and not deviated from) when tropical cyclone information is request > 96 hours out, or within 96 hours and the OWS s TC- TAP product is not available Tropical weather briefings will be provided by WF personnel when: A tropical system has the potential to affect JB MDL within 5-7 days The TC-TAP or NHC forecast places a tropical system within 100 nautical miles of JB MDL within 96 hours A tropical system is located north of 25N and west of 55W Pre-deployment Planning Briefings. The WF provides pre-deployment weather briefings as requested. Briefing content is tailored to meet customer requirements. For example, an aviation unit receives weather impacts at the deployed location on their flying mission, in addition to the standard surface weather information usually presented to ground units. A ground-based unit receives a briefing on a surface temperatures, wind speed, potential for blowing sand and dust, and precipitation Climatology Services. The WF can provide a wide variety of climatology products upon request. Example products include but are not limited to historical surface observations, long-range outlooks, global cloud cover, and upper level wind climatology. Requests requiring detailed studies may be forwarded to the Air Force Combat Climatology Center (14th Weather Squadron), and may add additional turnaround time to requests Limitations. Due to manning constraints, staff service availability may be impacted. A weather flight member may not be present in the EOC or CAT 24/7, but support is available via the on-duty forecaster at DSN Staff Integration Functions. In addition to leadership and management of unit activities, these unit members also function as a direct interface with the supported unit commander and staff, and provide direct support to command, control and planning functions. Specific integration with base agencies is outlined below ABW, 305 AMW, 108 Wg, and 514 AMW Plans (XP). The WF assists in periodic exercises tailored to upcoming seasonal weather or other environmental concerns

26 26 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 and educates base agencies on the purpose and applicability of weather watches, warnings and advisories ABW/CP. The WF notifies the CP whenever the WF primary facility is evacuated and/or the AOL is activated ABW/Public Affairs. The provides tours of the WF facility for community groups and others when coordinated by Public Affairs OSS/OSAA. The OWS OWS or WF provides notification of all forecast weather watches, warnings, and advisories via Integrated Weather Warnings Capability (IWWC), telephone, , or in-person during airfield hours of operations The WF notifies the OSAA whenever the WF primary facility is evacuated and/or the AOL is activated WF leadership participates as a member of the Airfield Operations Board (AOB) as directed in AFI Vol III OSS/OSAT The WF provides notification of weather watches, warnings, and advisories via IWWC/telephone/or The WF notifies the OSAT whenever the WF primary facility is evacuated and/or the AOL is activated The WF notifies the OSAT of all outages prior to contacting any maintenance agency CEG. The WF provides climatology reports upon request All Supported Flying Units (305 AMW, 108 Wg, 514 AMW). The WF provides services as outlined throughout this publication Reciprocal Support ABW/CP Ensure dissemination of all WWA as outlined in Chapter 2 of this document Activate base emergency sirens when a WARNING for tornadoes is issued. Disseminate all warnings via and/or AtHoc Immediately notify the WF forecaster-on-duty of any aircraft or ground mishaps (weather-related or not) requiring OPREP-3 reporting or local reporting requirements IAW AFI Subscribe to and monitor the 618 AOC WTA notifications for 305 AMW, 108 Wg, and 514 AMW missions Upon notification, by either the WF or 15 OWS, of the potential for severe weather, utilize applicable Quick Reaction Checklists (QRCs) to alert wing leadership and various base agencies ABW/Public Affairs. Coordinate requests for weather information from non-dod agencies and tours of WF facilities with the WF chief.

27 305AMWI NOVEMBER OSS/OSAA Notify WF personnel of in-flight, ground emergencies, or mishaps and termination via the secondary crash network Activate base emergency sirens when a WARNING for tornadoes is issued and the 87 ABW/CP does not have the capability to activate the sirens Disseminate weather warnings and advisories as outlined in Chapter 2 of this instruction Submit FLIP updates provided by the WF to Air Force Flight Standards Agency/Operating Location-D (AFFSA)/OL-D OSS/OSAT Participate in and follow the procedures outlined in CWW program Notify the WF of all changes in active runway Notify the WF of any light setting changes on high-intensity runway lights Provide control tower orientation training for weather personnel initiate radio checks to ensure proper PMSV operation OSS/OSMA Provide, coordinate, or arrange for the installation, maintenance, and repair of weather communication and meteorological sensing equipment except for the communication and meteorological equipment maintained by contract Perform AN/TMQ-53 Tactical Meteorological Observing System pressure sensor calibrations annually or when comparisons between the tactical pressure sensor and aircraft altimeters (or similar reliable sensors) indicate calibration is warranted Coordinate with the weather technician prior to performing maintenance on weather communications or equipment. Ensure routine maintenance does not degrade METWATCH and/or MISSIONWATCH performed by the WF during periods of inclement weather Utilize the restoration priorities for weather communications and meteorological sensing equipment outlined in this document Notify the responsible service agents for weather communications and meteorological sensing equipment outages Coordinate with off-base agencies to repair off-base lines Perform necessary follow-up actions as required until full service is restored Ensure weather data and telephone circuits are assigned repair priorities Ensure established maintenance response times are met Ensure a 24-hour point of contact for outages and assigning job control numbers is available Fund and sustain PMSV radio capability.

28 28 305AMWI NOVEMBER ABW/SE. Request a JB MDL briefer for seasonal weather and provide 2 weeks advance notice when possible ABW/CS Maintain and administer JET IAW the memorandum of agreement between 24 AF, AF Director of Weather, and the JET Program Management Office CEG. Contact the WF Chief to request climatological data and specialized support for projects on JB MDL SFS. Promptly inform the WF of any hazardous weather reported by Security Forces personnel (e.g., tornado, hail, etc.) All Supported Flying Units (305 AMW, 108 Wg, 514 AMW) Notify the WF of current and planned weather alternates and any special considerations affecting the duration of the mission (i.e., weather categories, exercise/deployment considerations, etc.) Notify the WF of required additional support as soon as it becomes known to include monitoring of alternate observations/forecast and tracking of weather conditions affecting local flying operations Provide timely notification of changes to scheduled operations affecting weather support requirements as soon as the change is identified Provide PIREPS either directly to the WF through the PMSV ot CP phone patch or via Tower Provide feedback on weather briefings via or survey to the WF or 618 (TACC)AOC/XOW Provide the WF a minimum of 2 weeks advanced notification of any requirement for training conducted by the WF or any changes in requirements to previously scheduled weather training AMDS/SGPB (Bioenvironmental Flight). Provide the base populace with the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) as required. 87 AMDS/SGPB can be reached at DSN /Commercial (609) All Weather Support Recipients. Notify the WF when new weather support requirements are identified or when changes to current weather support is deemed necessary.

29 305AMWI NOVEMBER Chapter 5 WEATHER EQUIPMENT 5.1. General. This chapter provides a brief description of the meteorological and communications equipment used by the WF. Additionally, it provides information on backup systems, maintenance, and restoring priorities Meteorological Equipment. The WF uses the FMQ-19 and WSR-88D weather radar to determine the current state of the atmosphere. These critical systems provide customers the most timely, accurate, and relevant weather intelligence possible. Note: TMQ-53 is a tactical automated observing system that is used by the WF during contingency and exercise operations. The TMQ-53 provides a capability that is very similar to the FMQ FMQ-19. The FMQ-19 samples, measures, and reports: temperature, wind speed and direction, visibility, cloud base height and amount of coverage, pressure, liquid equivalent precipitation accumulation, and ice accretion during freezing precipitation. These measurements are processed to create properly formatted, fully automated observations that comply with applicable reporting standards and protocols defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), National Weather Service (NWS), and military reporting standards Gibson Ridge Software (GRS). The WF utilizes the GRS applications including GRLevel2 for viewing Level II radar data and GRLevel3 for viewing Level III data. Bothe viewers feature high speed, high quality radar displays with an intuitive user interface. Weather technicians make use of the software to analyze complex radar signatures and obtain detailed information on storm intensity, movement, internal circulation, and general wind low. Weather technicians routinely incorporate the latest radar information into all mission execution forecasts and RP products communications Equipment. The following systems are the backbone of the WF communications network: JET. As discussed on para 2.5. of this instruction, JET is the primary system for disseminating forecast, observations, warnings, watches, and advisories. Telephones are used as a backup for key aircraft controlling agencies PMSV Radio. The PMSV Radio (239.8 MHz) allows the WF to communicate with aircrews, both on the ground and in the air. When JB MDL PMSV is out-of-service, the Langley AFB WF monitors MHz and responds to all JB MDL PMSV contacts within their range. Aircrews may also obtain weather information via phone patch from the WF, 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW, or the 15 OWS Phones/Hotlines. Phones and hotlines serve primarily for rapidly passing along critical, time-sensitive information, as well as to serve for backup services Local Area Network (LAN). The WF relies heavily on the LAN to improve the timeliness and accuracy of weather intelligence to our customers Maintenance.

30 30 305AMWI NOVEMBER Organizations providing preventive maintenance and repair of weather and communications are listed in Table 5.1. Table 5.1. Equipment Maintenance List. Organization Equipment 305 OSS/OSMA (Airfield Systems) FMQ WW Fielded Systems Support Center JET 87 CS/SCXP (Telephone Systems) Phones/Hotlines 87 CS/SCOO (Network Maintenance) LAN/Internet Connectivity Restoral Priorities. Priorities for restoring critical systems exist in the event of natural disasters or any other anomaly, simultaneously impacting systems base-wide. Significant indicates a situation where the equipment is completely inoperative, while minimal means the equipment is in limited operation. Response times for weather equipment are listed in Table 5.2. below (priorities may be adjusted based on forecast weather). Table 5.2. Equipment Restoral Priorities. Equipment Organization Response Times Significant/Minimal PMSV Radio 305 OSS/OSMA Immediate/24 hours FMQ OSS/OSMA Immediate/24 hours LAN/Internet Connectivity/Phones/Hotlines/JET 87 CS/SCOS CFP Immediate/12 hours 5.5. Building Power. In the event of a commercial power interruption, building 1758 and the AOL automatically switch to generator backup power. DARREN R. COLE, Colonel, USAF Commander

31 305AMWI NOVEMBER References Attachment 1 GLOSSARY OF REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION AFMAN , Management of Records AFPD 15-1, Air Force Weather Operations, 12 November 2015 AFI , Operational Reporting, 11 June 2014 AFI AMC SUP, Operational Reporting, 5 February 2015 AFI , Air Force Emergency Management (EM) Planning and Operations, 19 April 2016 AFI 11-2KC-135V3, KC-135 Operations Procedures, 15 August 2013 AFI 11-2KC-10V3, KC-10 Operations Procedures, 30 August 2011 AFI-2KC-10V3, McGuire Air Force Base Sup, KC-10 Operations Procedures, 19 April 2010 AFI 11-2C-21V3, C-21 Operations Procedures, 24 September 2010 AFI _IP, Department of Defense Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) system, 03 June 2011 AFI V3, Airfield Operations Procedures and Programs Interim change (IC) 2, 29 June 2015 AFI , Functional Resource and Weather Technical Performance Evaluation, 07 December 2001 AFI , Aerospace Weather Operations-Roles and Responsibilities, 07 February 2011 AFI V3, General Flight Rules, 10 August 2016 AFMAN , Air Force Incident Management Guidance for Major Accidents and Natural Disasters, 13 March 2013 AFMAN , Instrument Refresher Program (IRP), 03 February 2015 AFMAN , Surface Weather Observations Interim Change (IC) 2, 21 January 2016 AFMAN , Meteorological Codes Interim Change (IC) 1, 30 September 2016 AFMAN V1, Air and Space Weather Operations-Characterization, 06 December 2011 AFMAN V2, Air and Space Weather Operations-Exploitation, 27 June 2014 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Integrated defense Plan, February 2016 Joint Base McGuire-Dix_lakehurst Installation emergency Management Plan 10-2, Incorporating through Change 2, 01 June 15 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Snow and Ice Control Support Plan , Incorporating Change 1, 15 January 2015 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Natural Disaster Adverse weather Plan, February 2016 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Expeditionary Site Plan, PART 1 for McGuire Field, 25 July 2012

32 32 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Mishap Response Plan SPLAN 91-13, 16 August AMW Natural Disaster Aircraft Evacuation Plan, 04 June 2015 Abbreviations and Acronyms AF Air Force AFB Air Force Base AFI Air Force Instruction AFMAN Air Force Manual AFPD Air Force Policy Directives AFFSA Air Force Flight Standards Agency AGL Above Ground Level AOL Alternate Operating Location AMC Air Mobility Command AMCI Air Mobility Command Instruction AMOS Automated Observing System AMW Air Mobility Wing AOR Area of Responsibility AS Airlift Squadron ATC Air Traffic Control AW Airlift Wing CAT Crisis Action Team CB Cumulonimbus CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-yield explosive CC Commander CEG Civil Engineering Group CONUS Continental United States COOP Continuity of Operations Plan CP Command Post CS Communications Squadron CWW Cooperative Weather Watch DA Density Altitude DSNT Sistant EM Emergency Management

33 305AMWI NOVEMBER ESTMD Estimated EWO Emergency War Orders FLIP Flight Information Publication GPS lobal Positioning System GSU Geographically Separated Unit HF High frequency IAW In Accordance With ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICC Installation Control Center IFM Integrated Flight Management IMT Information Management Tool IRC Instrument refresher Course IWWC Integrated Weather Warnings capability FRQ Frequent JET Joint Environmental Toolkit KT Knots LAN Local Area Network LTG Lightning LWR Lower METAR Meteorological Terminal Aviation Routine Report METCON Meteorological Conference METSAT Meteorological Satellite METWATCH Meteorological Watch MOV Moving MOVD Moved MWP Mission Weather Product NOTAM Notice to Airmen NWS National Weather Service OG Operations Group OHD Overhead OL-D Operating Location-D OPR Office of Primary Responsibility

34 34 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 OSAA Airfield Management OSAB Tower OSMA Airfield Systems OSS Operations Support Squadron OWS Operational Weather Squadron PA Pressure Altitude PIREP Pilot report PK WND Peak wind PMSV Pilot-to-Metro Service POC Point of Contact RDS Records Disposition Schedule RP Resource Protection RVR Runway Visual Range RWY Runway SE Safety Office SFS Security Forces Squadron SM Statute Mile SOF Supervicor of Flying SOP Standard Operationg Procedure SPECI Special SWAP Severe Weather Action Plan SWS Special Weather Statement TACC Tanker Airlift Control Center TAF Terminal Aerodrome Forecast TCU Towering Cumulus TWR Tower UFN Unit Further Notice UHF Ultra High Frequency UNKN Unknown VFR Visual Flight Rules VHF Very High Frequency VIS Visibility

35 305AMWI NOVEMBER WF Weather Flight WSHFT Wind Shift WSR-88D Weather Surveillance radar, 1988 Doppler

36 36 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Attachment 2 SPECIAL WEATHER OBSEVATION CRITERIA A2.1. A special weather observation is taken and disseminated for listed criteria: A Visibility. When prevailing decreases below or, if below, increases to equal or exceeds any of the thresholds listed below: Table A2.1. Visibility Thresholds Visibility (Statue Miles) ½ 1 ⅜ 1 ¼ 1 ⅛ 1 ⅞ ¾ ½ ¼ Note: Items in bold/underline indicate criteria found in the high and low altitude FLIPs. A Ceiling. When the ceiling goes below or, if below, increases to equal or exceeds any of the thresholds listed below: Table A2.2. Ceiling Thresholds Height (feet) Height (feet) 3,000 2,000 1,500 1,100 1, Note: Items in bold/underlined indicate criteria found in the high and low altitude FLIPs A Sky Condition. A layer of clouds (it does not have to be a ceiling) or obscuring phenomena aloft is observed below 1,100 feet and no layer reported below this height in the previous METAR or SPECI. A Wind. A Shifts. A directional change of 45 degrees or more in less than 15 minutes with sustained winds of 10 knots or more throughout the wind shift. A Squall. Astrong wind characterized by a sudden onset in wind speed increasing at least 16 knots and sustained at 22 knots or more for at least 1 minute. A Volcanic Eruption. Eruption or volcanic ash cloud first noted. A Thunderstorm. A Begins (Note: A special observation is not required to report the beginning of a new thunderstorm if one is currently reported as in progress at the airfield). A Ends (Note: 15 minutes after the last occurrence of criteria for a thunderstorm; an audible sound of thunder, lightning within five (5)Nm of the airfield etc.). A Precipitation.

37 305AMWI NOVEMBER A Hail begins or ends. A Freezing precipitation begins, ends, or changes intensity. A Ice pellets begin, end, or change in intensity. A Any other type of precipitation begins or ends. Note: Except for freezing rain, freezing drizzle, hail, and ice pellets, a Special observation is not required for changes in type (e.g., drizzle changing in snow grains) or the beginning or ending of one type while another is in progress (e.g., snow changing to rain and snow). A Tornado, Funnel Cloud, or Waterspout. When a tornado is observed, disappears from sight, or ends. A Runway Visual Range (RVR). WF provides RVR output according to the specifications listed in Table A2.3. Table A2.3. RVR Reporting. Runway Visual Range (RVR) - Prevailing visibility first observed < 1SM/1600 meters, again when prevailing visibility goes above 1SM/1600 meters. - RVR for active runway decrease to less than or, if below, increase to equal or exceed: - 6,000 feet (P1500 meters) P (plus) denotes greater than - 5,500 feet (P1500 meters) - 5,000 feet (1500 meters) - 4,500 feet (1400 meters) - 4,000 feet (1200 meters) - 2,400 feet (0750 meters) - 2,000 feet (0600 meters) - 1,600 feet (0500 meters) * - 1,200 feet (0350 meters) - 1,000 feet (0300 meters) * feet - All published RVR minima applicable to the runway in use. - RVR is first determined as unavailable (RVRNO) for the runway is use, and when it is first determined that the RVRNO report is no longer applicable, provided conditions for reporting RVR exist. Note: Items with an * indicate criteria found in AFI 11-2KC-10V3

38 38 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 A Tower Visibility. When notified by the control tower that tower visibility has decreased to less than or, if below, increased to equal or exceed 1, 2, or 3 statute miles (per FAA JO V Air Traffic Organization Policy) and the control tower visibility differs from the prevailing visibility. A Upon Resumption of Observing Services. Take, disseminate, and record a SPECI within 15 minutes after returning to duty following a break in hourly coverage, if a METAR was not filed as scheduled during the 15-minute period. A Aircraft Mishap. When notified of an aircraft mishap, the WF checks the latest AN/FMQ-19 observation (i.e., METAR/SPECI/OMO (one minute observation) and perform augmentation/back-up if required. When operating in a back-up mode WF immediately takes a SPECI observation IAW AFMAN A Any other meteorological situation that, in weather technician s opinion, is critical.

39 305AMWI NOVEMBER Attachment 3 FORECAST SPECIFICATION AND AMENDMENT CRITERIA A3.1. TAFs specify the onset, duration, and intensity for the criteria listed below. TAFs are amended when forecast/observed conditions do not match conditions specified in the TAF. A Ceiling and/or Visibility. Forecast to decrease to less than; if below, is forecast to increase to equal or exceed the thresholds listed in table A3.1. Table A3.1. Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria Ceiling Visibility 2,000 FT 3 SM (4,800 M) 1,000 FT 2 SM (3,200 M) 600 FT 2 SM (3,200 M) 200 FT 1/2 SM (800 M) < 200 FT < ½ SM (800 M) A Surface Winds. A Wind Speed: The difference between the predominant speed and the forecast speed is 10 knots. A Wind Gussts: The difference between the observed gusts and the forecast gusts is 10 knots. A Wind Direction: A change in the predominant direction of > 30 degrees when the wind speed or gusts are forecast to be 15 knots. A Icing. Not associated with thunderstorms, from the surface to 10,000 ft above ground level (AGL). A When the beginning of icing first meets or exceeds the moderate or greater threshold and was not specified in the forecast. A When icing decreases to less than the moderate threshold and was not specified in the forecast. A Turbulence. Turbulence for category II aircraft, not associated with thunderstorms, from the surface to 10,000 ft AGL. A When the beginning of turbulence first meets or exceeds the moderate or greater threshold and was not specified in the forecast. A When turbulence decreases to less than the moderate threshold and was not specified in the forecast. A Weather Warning and Forecast Weather Advisory Criteria. A Occur or are expected to occur during the forecast period, but were not specified in the forecast. A Specified in the forecast but are no longer expected to occur during the forecast period.

40 40 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 A Altimeter setting. A If below, increases to meet or exceed inhg and was not specified during the forecast period. A Is above, decreases to less than inhg and was not specified during the forecast period. A If above, decreases to less than inhg and was not specified during the forecast period. A If below, increases to equal or exceed inhg and was not specified during the forecast period. A Thunderstorms. A If the start time is incorrectly forecast. A If the end time is incorrectly forecast. A Temporary conditions. A Conditions specified as temporary become predominant. A conditions specified as temporary do not occur during the cardinal hour as forecast. A Conditions specified as temporary are no longer expected to occur. A Predominant Conditions. A Change in conditions occurs before the beginning of the specified period of the change and are expected to persist. A Change in conditions does not occur within 30 minutes after the specified time. A Change in conditions are no longer expected to occur. A Represent Conditions. Conditions are not considered representative of existing or forecast conditions and amending the forecast improves safety, flight planning, operations efficiency, or assistance to an in-flight emergency.

41 305AMWI NOVEMBER Attachment 4 SAMPLE WEATHER PRODUCT DISSEMINATION FORMAT/INTERPRETATION OBSERVATION/TAF/WWAS Table A4.1. Sample Weather Observations SPECI KWRI 1506Z AUTO 17013G22KT 2 1/2 RVRNO TSRA BKN015CB OVC030 76/75 ALSTG RMK AO2 TS OHD MOV NE Body of Report - Consists of 11 Groups Group Reference Brief Description Type of Report A4.1. Indicates type of report. Station Identifier A4.2. A four-character group used to identify the observing location. Date and Time of Report A4.3. Date and time of the report. Report Modifier A4.4. A report modifier (COR) identifying report as a correction, or AUTO indicating the weather observation is a fully automated report with no human intervention. Gusts are appended if available. Wind A4.5. Indicates wind direction and speed. Visibility A4.6. Provides prevailing visibility from the designated point of observation in statute miles or meters. Runway Visual Range A minute RVR or varying RVR in hundreds of feet or meters. Present Weather A4.8. Any weather occurring at the observing location, obscurations to vision, or other phenomena. Sky Condition A4.9. State of the sky in terms of sky cover, layers and heights, ceilings and obscurations. Temperature and Dew Point A4.10. Measure of hotness/coldness of ambient air. Dew point measures saturation point temperature. Altimeter A4.11. Indicates altitude above MSL of an aircraft on the ground. Remarks A4.12. Remarks generally elaborate on parameters reported in the body of the report, and are included in all METAR and SPECI observations. A4.1. Type of Report. METAR or SPECI. A4.2. Station identifier, also called the ICAO. This code identifies the location of the observation. A4.3. Date and time of Report. This is in Zulu (GMT) of the last element of the observation. A4.4. Report Modifier. The report modifier can be either of the following two elements:

42 42 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 A COR is entered into the report modifier group when a corrected METAR or SPECI is transmitted. A AUTO identifies the report as a fully automated report with no human intervention. A AUTO is automatically included in reports when the weather technician signs off the AMOS indicating the observations are no longer being augmented. A AUTO and COR are not seen in the same observation. If the term COR is used, the observation cannot be reported as AUTO, since a weather technician is manually correcting the observation. A4.5. Wind. The true direction the wind is blowing from is encoded in tens of degrees using three figures. Directions less than 100 degrees are proceeded with a 0. The wind speed is entered as a two or three digit group immediately following the wind direction. A Gust. The wind gust is encoded in two or three digits immediately following the wind speed. The wind gust is encoded in whole knots using the units and tens digits and, if required, the hundreds digit. A Variable Wind Direction (speeds 6 knots or less). Variable wind direction with wind speed 6 knots or less may be encoded as VRB in place of the direction. A Variable Wind Direction (speeds greater than 6 knots). Wind direction varying 60 degrees or more with wind speed greater than 6 knots are encoded as variable. The variable wind direction group is immediately following the wind group. The directional variability is encoded in a clockwise direction. For example, if the wind is variable from 180 degrees to 240 degrees at 10 knots, it would be encoded 21010KT 180V240. A Calm Wind. Calm wind is encoded as 00000KT. A4.6. Visibility. The furthest predominant distance (at least 50% of the aerodrome) seen from the airfield reported in statute miles. The most common visibility reported is 7 miles. A4.7. Runway Visual Range. A4.8. Present weather. Any weather phenomenon occurring on the airfield. This is mandatory anytime the visibility is less than 7 miles. Table A5.2. lists the present weather codes: Table A4.2. Weather Phenomena Codes. Qualifier Intensity Or Proximity Weather Phenomena Descriptor Precipitation Obscuration Other - Light MI (Shallow) DZ (Drizzle) BR (Mist) PO (Developed Dust/Sand Whirls) Moderate PR (Partial) RA (Rain) FG (Fog) SQ (Squall) + Heavy BC (Patches) SN (Snow) FU (Smoke) FC (Funnel Cloud, Tornado, or Water Spout) VC (Vicinity) DR (Low Drifting) SG (Snow Grains) VA (Volcanic Ash) SS (Sandstorm)

43 305AMWI NOVEMBER BL (Blowing) IC (Ice Crystals) DU (Dust) DS (Dust Storm) SH (Showers) PL (Ice Pellets) SA (Sand) TS GR (Hail) HZ (Haze) (Thunderstorms) FZ (Freezing) GS (Small Hail or PY (Spray) Snow Pellets) UP (Unknown Precipitation) A4.9. Sky condition and Cloud Height. Describes the amount of clouds present at the airfield and the base of each cloud deck. They fall into the following categories: A SKC Sky Clear. A FEW 1/8 to 2/8 coverage. A SCT Scattered; 3/8 to 4/8 coverage. A BKN Broken; 5/8 to 7/8 coverage. A OVC Overcast; 8/8 coverage. A VV Vertical visibility; normally used during heaving fog, indicates how far up into the fog can be seen. A FEW000 Surface-based obscuration. A Cloud Height. Three-digit number provides the height of the base of the cloud in hundreds of feet (e.g., 015 equals 1,500 feet). The CB and TCU descriptors may be appended to the cloud height to indicate the cloud is a cumulonimbus or towering cumulus. A4.10. Temperature and Dew Point (i.e., can be in degrees, either Fahrenheit or Celsius). A4.11. Altimeter Setting. The current value aircraft altimeters must be set at read an elevation of zero. The altimeter is measured in inches (INS) of mercury. A4.12. Remarks. Table A4.3. contains some of the most commonly seen remaks in observations: Table A4.3. Remarks Listing AO2 Automated sensor indicator CB Cumulonimbus DSNT Distant ESTMD Estimated FROPA Frontal Passage LTG Lightening LWR Lower MOV Moving MOVD Moved OHD Overhead PK WND Peak Wind PRESFR Pressure Falling Rapidly PRESRR Pressure Rapidly Rising

44 44 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 RWY Runway TCU Towering Cumulus TWR Tower UNKN Unknown VIS Visibility WSHFT Wind Shift PA Pressure Altitude DA Density Altitude A4.13. TAF Table A4.4. Sample TAF. TAF KWRI 0313/ KT 9999 BKN040 OVC100 QNH2996INS BECMG 0318/ G15KT 9999 BKN QNH2993INS BECMG 0320/ G20KT SHRA FEW025 OVC QNH2991INS TEMPO 0323/0403 VRB10G20KT TSRA BKN015CB BKN035 BECMG 0404/ KT RA FEW025 BKN QNH2992INS BECMG 0417/ KT 9999 NSW FEW030 BKN QNH2997INS TX12/0322Z TN03/0313Z A The forecast follows the same general format as the observation with the following exceptions noted; A Valid Date/Time. Forecasts aare valid for a 30-hour period. In this example, the forecast is valid from the third at 1300Z until the fourth at 1900Z. A BECMG This is a code to indicate the predominant conditions are going to change to (or become) the conditions listed in the line of the forecast. The conditions are changing during the time period following the BECMG code (1800 to 1900Z in the example above). A TEMPO This code will be used to indicate temporary fluctuations to the forecast meteorological conditions. Conditions described by the TEMPO group must occur once during the specified time-period, for less than 30 consecutive minutes or occure for an sggregate total of less than 30 minutes of every cardinal hour and cover less than half of the period (45 minutes or less for thunderstorms). A Max Temp/Min Temp. TX12 indicates a maximum temperature of of 12 Celsius to occur at 22Z. TN03 indicates a minimum temperature of 03 Celsius to occur at 13Z (Note: M indicates a minus sign in front of the number: M05 = -5 Celsius).

45 305AMWI NOVEMBER A4.14. Weather Warnings, Watches, and Advisories. Table A4.5. Observed Weather Warning. JB MDL WEATHER WARNING VALID 17/1921Z (17/1321L) TO UFN LIGHTNING IS OBSERVED WITHIN 5NM 08/RS 1. FORECAST WEATHER WARNING. JB MDL WEATHER WARNING VALID 10/1500Z(10/0900L) TO 10/2200Z(10/1600L) WINDS ASSOCIATED WITH MODERATE THUNDERSTORMS ARE FORECAST TO BE KNOTS AT JB MDL. MAXIMUM GUST EXPECTED: 41 KNOTS 18/THB 2. WEATHER WATCH. JB MDL WEATHER WATCH VALID 15/1858Z (15/1358L) TO 15/2100Z (15/1600L) A LIGHTNING WATCH IS NOW IN EFFECT FOR JB MDL UNTIL 1600L. A WARNING WILL BE ISSUED LATER IF REQUIRED. 58/GO 3. OBSERVED WEATHER ADVISORY. JB MDL WEATHER ADVISORY VALID 08/1408Z (080908L) TO UFN CROSSWINDS OBSERVED TO BE EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 25KTS 44/ST

46 46 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Table A5.1. Attachment 5 CUSTOMER RESPONSE MATRIX Weather Phenomena Lead Time Impact Customer Action Tornado 15 min Personal injury/death Seek shelter Equipment damage Hail (3/4 or more) 60 min Personal injury/death Equipment damage Seek shelter; hangar or divert aircraft Freezing Precipitation 60 min Delay or cease operations Cease flying; hangar or protect aircraft Surface winds > 50 knots 60 min Flight hazard Equipment damage Cease unnecessary flying; secure or hangar aircraft; secure light Surface winds knots 60 min Flight hazard Equipment damage objects outside Cease unnecessary flying; secure or hangar aircraft Lightning w/in 5 NM of JB MDL Observed Personal injury/death Delay operations Cease flight-line work; clear pool/golf course Crosswinds > 25 knots Observed Flight hazard Cease/delay take-off for C-21A and KC-135E/R Crosswinds > 15 knots but < 25 knots Observed Flight hazard Cease take-off/landings for small private aircraft; no touch and goes Low Level Wind Shear Observed Delay or cease operations Delay or cease take-off/landing evaluate shear conditions Snow accumulation GTE 2 in 12 hours 60 min Delay operations Activate snow removal plan Hangar aircraft Equivalent Wind Chill Temp 20 to 29 F Equivalent Wind Chill Temp 30 to 39 F Equivalent Wind Chill Temp 40 to 49 F Observed Observed Observed Personal injury Slow/delay outside work Personal injury/death Slow/delay outside work Personal injury/death Slow/delay outside work Personal injury/death Equivalent Wind Chill Observed Temp 50 F or colder Stop outside work Ice Pellets Observed Reduces de-icing effectiveness Work 45 minutes; Rest 15 minutes in heated area Work 30 minutes; Rest 30 minutes in heated area Work 15 minutes; Rest 45 minutes in heated area Stay indoors Evaluate de-icing effectiveness

47 305AMWI NOVEMBER Attachment 6 FLYING UNITS SUPPORTED & MISSION LIMITING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Table A6.1. Flying Units Supported. Organization Mission MWP Provider 305 AMW Provides operational support for airlift and air refueling during war, peacetime, and contingency operations. 514 AMW Provides operational support for airlift and air refueling during war, peacetime, and contingency operations 108 Wg Provides operational support for airlift and air refueling during war, peacetime, and contingency operations A6.1. Mission Limiting Thesholds. 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW WF 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW WF 618 AOC (TACC)/XOW WF A Airframe-Specific Weather Limitations. Tables A6.2 A6.10 provide the general airframe weather limitations base on AFI V3, General Flight Rules and the limitations from aircraft specific AFI Table A6.2. USAF General Flight Rules Weather Limitations. Weather Condition Cig/Vis < 2,000ft / 3SM (Fixed Wing) Cig/Vis < 500ft above lowest approach minima / 2 SM or published visibility minima whichever is greater (Fixed Wing) Cig/Vis < 1,000ft or 400ft above lowest approach minima whichever is higher / 2 SM (Helicopters) Cig/Vis < 200ft/1 SM above lowest landing minima (Helicopters) Alternate required Terminal not suitable for alternate Alternate required Terminal not suitable for alternate Table A6.3. Minimum Standard AMC Mission-Limiting Thresholds Add fuel to allow divert Select another alternate Add fuel to allow divert Select another alternate Departure ICAO Arrival ICAO Enroute Events

48 48 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Cig/Vis < 200/0.5 or Field Mins Cig/Vis < 200/0.5 or Field Mins Tropical Storm impacting route Low Level Wind Shear Low Level Wind Shear Volcanic Ash impacting route Thunderstorms Thunderstorms Thunderstorms enroute ( SCT) Freezing Precipitation Freezing Precipitation Severe Turbulence Turbulence Severe Turbulence Severe Moderate Mountain Wave Turbulence Severe Icing Severe Icing Moderate Turbulence in the AR Crosswinds sustained 20KT Crosswinds sustained 20KT Moderate Icing in the AR Temperatures > 90 F for C5 High Risk/High Visibility Missions Table A6.4. KC-10 Weather Restrictions. Visibility < 1nm in AR Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing or Take Off (T/O) > 30 Knots (KT) Delay or proceed Wet Crosswind Landing > 19KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind T/O (RWY 06/24) > 20KT Do not accomplish Wet Crosswind T/O (RWY 18/36) = / > 10KT Do not accomplish Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch & Go 15KT or greater Do not accomplish Tailwind 10KT or greater Delay or proceed to ALT Airframe Icing Visible moisture is present De-ice prior to moving Freezing or Frozen Precipitation at Actively falling T/O Go through Anti-ice Pad Freezing Rain Moderate or greater Delay or cancel Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Avoid Mountain Wave Turbulence Observed or Forecast Moderate Avoid Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid Low Level Wind Shear > 15KT considered severe Delay or proceed to ALT Wet snow, Ice, Water on RWY > 1/2 inch Delay or proceed to ALT Dry snow on runway > 4 inches Delay or proceed to ALT HF Communication Degraded No specific limit Use ALT communication GPS error Precision Approach not allowed None

49 305AMWI NOVEMBER Table A6.5. KC-135 Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing greater than 25KT Delay or proceed to ALT Dry Crosswind (Training Sortie) Wet Crosswind Landing Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch and Go Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch and Go Engine Icing greater than 25KT Approximately 20KT or greater, depending on gross weight and other factors 15KT or greater (Instructor Pilot) 10KT or greater (Aircraft Commander) Temperature is less than 10C and visible moisture is present Delay or proceed to ALT Delay or proceed to ALT Do not accomplish Do not accomplish Apply anti-ice Freezing Rain at Takeoff Actively falling Do not takeoff Freezing Drizzle at Takeoff Actively falling May takeoff after certain actions Flight in Severe Icing Any Will be avoided Flight in Freezing Rain Any Will be avoided Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Is prohibited Mountain Wave Turbulence Observed or Forecast Moderate Avoid Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid Table A6.6. C-17 Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing or T/O > 30KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind Landing > 30KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind T/O > 30KT Do not accomplish Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch & Go >25KT for IP, >15KT for AC Do not accomplish Tailwind > 10KT Delay or proceed to ALT Headwind > 40KT Delay or proceed to ALT Airframe Icing Visible moisture is present De-ice prior to moving Freezing or Frozen Precipitation Actively falling Go through Anti-ice Pad at T/O Freezing Rain Any Delay or cancel Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible

50 50 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Avoid Mountain Wave Turbulence Observed or Forecast Avoid Moderate Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid Low Level Wind Shear > 15KT considered severe Delay or proceed to ALT Ceiling / Visibility (Touch & Go Training Sortie) Visibility plus crosswind for CAT II Instrument Landing System High Frequency (HF) Communication Degraded Global Positioning System (GPS) error Table A6.7. C-32 Weather Restrictions. < 300 feet (FT) and/or 3/4 statute miles (SM) and slush covered runway < 1/2 SM / Runway Visual Range (RVR) less than 1200FT and crosswind > 10KT No specific limit Precision Approach not allowed Delay or cancel Delay or proceed to ALT Use ALT communication None Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing or T/O > 30KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind Landing or T/O > 30KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch & Go > 25KT Do not accomplish Tailwind Greater than 10KT Delay or proceed to ALT Airframe Icing Visible moisture is present De-ice prior to moving Freezing or Frozen Precipitation at T/O Actively falling Go through Anti-ice Pad Freezing Rain Moderate or greater Delay or cancel Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Avoid Mountain Wave Turbulence Observed or Forecast Moderate Avoid Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid Low Level Wind Shear > 15KT considered severe Training Delay or Cancel / Operational Mission avoid if possible Ceiling / Visibility (Training Sortie) Below applicable minimums Delay or cancel HF Communication Degraded No specific limit Use ALT communication

51 305AMWI NOVEMBER Table A6.8. AH-1W Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Strong Winds > 45KT Do not start rotors delay and/or cancel Tailwind > 15KT Do not start rotors Moderate Winds > 25KT Tie down aircraft Table A6.9. UH-1Y Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Strong Winds > 60KT Do not start rotors delay and/or cancel Tie down aircraft Table A6.10. CH-53E Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Strong Winds > 45KT Do not start/stop rotors delay and/or cancel Do not fold/unfold blades Do not fold/unfold pylons Crosswind > 35KT Conduct landing into wind Rolling Take-off Winds > 40KT Do not accomplish Table A6.11. C12B Weather Restrictions. Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing or T/O > 25KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind Landing > 25KT Delay or proceed to ALT Wet Crosswind T/O (RWY > 25KT Do not accomplish 06/24) Wet Crosswind T/O (RWY > 25KT Do not accomplish 18/36) Wet/Dry Crosswind Touch & Go > 25KT Delay or proceed to ALT Tailwind >10KT Delay or proceed to ALT Airframe Icing Visible moisture is present Delay or cancel Freezing or Frozen Precipitation Actively falling Delay or cancel at T/O Freezing Rain Visible moisture is present Delay or cancel Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible

52 52 305AMWI NOVEMBER 2017 Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Avoid Mountain Wave Turbulence Observed or Forecast Moderate Avoid Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid Low Level Wind Shear > 15KT considered severe Avoid Wet snow, Ice, Water on RWY > 1/2 inch Avoid Dry snow on runway > 1/2 inch Avoid HF Communication Degraded Not capable Use ALT communication GPS error Table A6.12. C130-T Weather Restrictions Precision Approach not allowed None Condition Limit Response Action Dry Crosswind Landing or T/O > 35 KT Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Wet Crosswind Landing or T/O (RCR 12) > 30 KT Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Icy Crosswind Landing or T/O (RCR 5) > 24 KT Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Airframe Icing Visible moisture is present De-ice prior to moving; visually verify clear of ice prior to runway. Heavy Snow Visibility < ¼ mi Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Freezing Rain Actively falling Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Freezing Drizzle Moderate; Actively Falling Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Ice Pellets Actively Falling Proceed to ALT; Delay or cancel Turbulence Observed Moderate Avoid if possible Turbulence Observed or Forecast Severe Avoid if possible Low Level Wind Shear Speed Loss Avoid if possible

53 305AMWI NOVEMBER Attachment 7 MISSION EXECUTION FORECAST EXAMPLE Table A7.1. Mission Execution Forecast Example