Introduction to tropical meteorology and deep convection
|
|
- Vincent Jennings
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Introduction to tropical meteorology and deep convection TMD Lecture 1 Roger K. Smith University of Munich
2 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Topics
3 INDO IR
4 GMS IR
5 GOES IR
6 EUMETSAT Movie
7 Principal land and ocean areas between 40 S and 40 N. The shaded areas show tropical highlands (over 1000 m). From Nieuwolt (1977)
8 How does one define the tropics? Tropic of Cancer 23.5 o N Maritime continent Tropic of Capricorn 23.5 o s
9 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
10 F (W m -2 ) 300 energy gain + energy loss Radiative heat balance Absorbed solar flux - - Emitted infrared flux South Latitude North Zonally averaged components of the absorbed solar flux and emitted thermal infrared flux at the top of the atmosphere. (after Vonder Haar and Suomi, 1971, with modifications)
11 mm 1000 Mean annual precipitation North Latitude South Mean annual precipitation as a function of latitude. (after Sellers, 1965)
12 mean meridional circulation The mean meridional circulation and main surface wind regimes. after Defant, 1958
13 ITCZ
14 ITCZ
15 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
16 Field Experiments in the Tropics Global Atmospheric Research Programme (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) July 1974 The MONsoon EXperiment (WMONEX December 1978, SMONEX May August, 1979) Australian Monsoon EXperiment & Equatorial Mesoscale EXperiment (AMEX, EMEX) January February 1987 Tropical Oceans Global Atmosphere Couple Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) November 1992 February 1993 DYNAMO (Dynamics of the MJO)/CINDY(Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in Year 2011)
17 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
18 200 mb JJA 850 mb
19 200 mb DJF 850 mb
20 Velocity potential We can separate the three-dimensional velocity field into a rotational part and a divergent part (see e.g. Holton, 1972, Appendix C.) V k rotational nondivergent ( k ) k ( k ) 0 2 irrotational divergent ( ) 0 2 ( )
21 Upper tropospheric (200 mb) mean seasonal velocity potential indicating the divergent part of the mean seasonal wind which is proportional to. (Adapted from Krishnamurti et al., 1973).
22 month OLR < 225 W m -2 From Lau & Chan, 1983
23
24
25 Walker circulation
26 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
27 July Monsoons
28 SE Asian Monsoon
29 January
30 Australasian Monsoon
31 South America: January climatology 850 mb wind 200 mb wind
32 An example of monsoon variability West coast of India (From Webster, 1983)
33 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
34 time Time-longitude section of vis imagery - latitude band N 01/ From Wallace, 1970
35 Winter MONEX GMS IR 25 Dec 1978 B A C Fig MSLP 25 Dec 1978 From Webster, 1983
36 Winter MONEX 250 mb 25 Dec 1978 A C Fig B shaded horizontal wind divergence 850 mb 25 Dec 1978 A C B From Webster, 1983
37 The variation of surface pressure at Darwin for the period Dec
38 Easterly waves over Africa WV Imagery 17 June Z
39 Tropical cyclones Super typhoon Wynnie 11 Aug 1997 TC tracks ( )
40 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
41 Moist Convection Trade Cumuli
42 The tropical troposphere z km o C -73 o C observed -150 o C +150 o C 29 o C 77 o C q observed Conclusion: Deep tropical circulations cannot be dry adiabatic
43 The role of diabatic processes 15 z km Latent heat release opposes adiabatic cooling Fast ascent Radiative cooling opposes adiabatic warming Slow descent ITCZ subtropical high Conclusion: Deep convection occupies a small fractional area
44
45 Successive locations of radar reflectivity contours in a tropical squall line. From Chang et al. (1987) Radar reflectivity contours (dbz) of a tropical squall line observed during COPT81 (Ivory Coast, West Africa). Horizontal cross-section at low levels ( km).
46 Radar reflectivity contours (dbz) of a tropical squall line observed during COPT81 (Ivory Coast, West Africa). Vertical cross-section along the axis of propagation.
47 Types of convection
48
49 Hector Movie
50 A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Field experiments Macroscale circulations, The Walker circulation, Monsoons Synoptic scale weather systems, tropical waves Moist convection and convective systems The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Westerly wind bursts Concluding remarks Next topic
51 Madden-Julian Oscillation From JAS, Sept. 1972
52 Madden-Julian Oscillation MJO From Webster 1987
53 Indian Ocean Feb/Mar /02 07/02 13/02 17/02 24/02 06/03
54 West Pacific Ocean Feb /02 09/02 13/02 21/02 24/02 29/02
55
56 Westerly wind bursts GOES-9 12 UTC 2 Dec micron image
57 The extended Held-Hou Model Winter Cell cell z Summer Cell cell Y - Eq. Y 0 Y 1 Y + Solar heating maximum Streamline dividing the winter and summer cells Eq. q u = U M u = 0 Solution for q M0 and Y q q y unknowns 2 q0 4 q 2 Y 2 E0 Y 2 qm0 - q - 10a gh 3a 2 q0 4 q 2 Y 2 E0 Y 2 qm0 - q - 2a gh a Y q Y q Y y 5 qgh Y 2 3 q0 1/ 2 Pole 2 5 q gh M0 E a q0 q q - Take q 0 = 255 K, q = 40 K and H = 12 km Y 2400 km and q 0.9 K cooler than q. in agreement with obs. Scale and put y = L E Y Now 2 2 dv - u Y v - dy 2 2 dv - Y v - dy v ( Y) v exp Y H ( Y) n n Kelvin wave Mixed R-G wave Parcel motions and dv -Y v Y dh n exp dy dy n Properties of the Hermite polynomials dh n 2n Hn- 1 Y dy ( ) H ( Y) 2YH ( Y) - 2n H ( Y) n 1 n n-1 Horizontal structure of the Kelvin wave and of a westward propagating Mixed Rossby-gravity wave.
58 A few outstanding problems Interaction between moist convection and the large-scale flow. What are the controls on deep convection? Models usually don t get the diurnal variation correct. No generally accepted theory of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Weather forecasting in the tropics is still very difficult compared with that in the middle latitudes!
59 The End
Introduction to tropical meteorology and deep convection
Introduction to tropical meteorology and deep convection Roger K. Smith University of Munich A satpix tour of the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation), Inter- Tropical Convergence Zone
More informationTropical Meteorology. Roger K. Smith INDO IR
Tropical Meteorology Roger K. Smith INDO IR 01010510 1 GMS IR 01022621 GOES IR 00112909 2 Introduction to the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation) The data network in the tropics (field
More informationWhat is the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)?
What is the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)? Planetary scale, 30 90 day oscillation in zonal wind, precipitation, surface pressure, humidity, etc., that propagates slowly eastward Wavelength = 12,000 20,000
More informationLecture 8. Monsoons and the seasonal variation of tropical circulation and rainfall
Lecture 8 Monsoons and the seasonal variation of tropical circulation and rainfall According to the second hypothesis, the monsoon is a manifestation of the seasonal variation of the tropical circulation
More informationLECTURES ON TROPICAL METEOROLOGY
LECTURES ON TROPICAL METEOROLOGY Roger K. Smith April 13, 2015 Contents 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TROPICS 4 1.1 The zonal mean circulation........................ 6 1.2 Data network in the Tropics.......................
More informationGeneral Circulation. Nili Harnik DEES, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
General Circulation Nili Harnik DEES, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory nili@ldeo.columbia.edu Latitudinal Radiation Imbalance The annual mean, averaged around latitude circles, of the balance between the
More informationIntroduction of climate monitoring and analysis products for one-month forecast
Introduction of climate monitoring and analysis products for one-month forecast TCC Training Seminar on One-month Forecast on 13 November 2018 10:30 11:00 1 Typical flow of making one-month forecast Observed
More informationDynamics and Kinematics
Geophysics Fluid Dynamics () Syllabus Course Time Lectures: Tu, Th 09:30-10:50 Discussion: 3315 Croul Hall Text Book J. R. Holton, "An introduction to Dynamic Meteorology", Academic Press (Ch. 1, 2, 3,
More informationGeophysics Fluid Dynamics (ESS228)
Geophysics Fluid Dynamics (ESS228) Course Time Lectures: Tu, Th 09:30-10:50 Discussion: 3315 Croul Hall Text Book J. R. Holton, "An introduction to Dynamic Meteorology", Academic Press (Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4,
More informationIntroduction of products for Climate System Monitoring
Introduction of products for Climate System Monitoring 1 Typical flow of making one month forecast Textbook P.66 Observed data Atmospheric and Oceanic conditions Analysis Numerical model Ensemble forecast
More informationThe meteorology of monsoons
978--521-84799-5 - The Asian Monsoon: Causes, History and Effects 1 The meteorology of monsoons 1.1 Introduction Monsoon circulations are major features of the tropical atmosphere, which, primarily through
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 5 August 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 5 August 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationCHAPTER 4. THE HADLEY CIRCULATION 59 smaller than that in midlatitudes. This is illustrated in Fig. 4.2 which shows the departures from zonal symmetry
Chapter 4 THE HADLEY CIRCULATION The early work on the mean meridional circulation of the tropics was motivated by observations of the trade winds. Halley (1686) and Hadley (1735) concluded that the trade
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 23 April 2012
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 23 April 2012 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationChapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TROPICS In geographical terminology the tropics" refers to the region of the earth bounded by the Tropic of Cancer (lat.
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TROPICS In geographical terminology the tropics" refers to the region of the earth bounded by the Tropic of Cancer (lat. 23.5 ffi N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (lat. 23.5
More informationIntroduction to Climate ~ Part I ~
2015/11/16 TCC Seminar JMA Introduction to Climate ~ Part I ~ Shuhei MAEDA (MRI/JMA) Climate Research Department Meteorological Research Institute (MRI/JMA) 1 Outline of the lecture 1. Climate System (
More informationATMO 436a. The General Circulation. Redacted version from my NATS lectures because Wallace and Hobbs virtually ignores it
ATMO 436a The General Circulation Redacted version from my NATS lectures because Wallace and Hobbs virtually ignores it Scales of Atmospheric Motion vs. Lifespan The general circulation Atmospheric oscillations
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 25 February 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 25 February 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 24 September 2012
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 24 September 2012 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño
More informationCharacteristics of extreme convection over equatorial America and Africa
Characteristics of extreme convection over equatorial America and Africa Manuel D. Zuluaga, K. Rasmussen and R. A. Houze Jr. Atmospheric & Climate Dynamics Seminar Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 15 July 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 15 July 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationVerification of the Seasonal Forecast for the 2005/06 Winter
Verification of the Seasonal Forecast for the 2005/06 Winter Shingo Yamada Tokyo Climate Center Japan Meteorological Agency 2006/11/02 7 th Joint Meeting on EAWM Contents 1. Verification of the Seasonal
More informationKUALA LUMPUR MONSOON ACTIVITY CENT
T KUALA LUMPUR MONSOON ACTIVITY CENT 2 ALAYSIAN METEOROLOGICAL http://www.met.gov.my DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF SCIENCE. TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIO Introduction Atmospheric and oceanic conditions over the tropical
More informationLecture 5: Atmospheric General Circulation and Climate
Lecture 5: Atmospheric General Circulation and Climate Geostrophic balance Zonal-mean circulation Transients and eddies Meridional energy transport Moist static energy Angular momentum balance Atmosphere
More informationDepartment of Meteorology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
478 J O U R N A L O F C L I M A T E VOLUME 0 Horizontal and Vertical Structures of the Northward-Propagating Intraseasonal Oscillation in the South Asian Monsoon Region Simulated by an Intermediate Model*
More informationDifferent region of the globe. Lecture 3, 2009, Tropics & thunderstorms. Tropics. Tropics. Streamline 16/04/06. Rossby number
Different region of the globe Lecture 3, 2009, Tropics & thunderstorms. Angular momentum of earth is larger at the equator than the pole => move south W ly momentum increases, moves north E ly momentum
More informationCHAPTER 8 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE ITCZ OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN AND INDONESIA DURING A NORMAL YEAR AND DURING AN ENSO YEAR
CHAPTER 8 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE ITCZ OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN AND INDONESIA DURING A NORMAL YEAR AND DURING AN ENSO YEAR In this chapter, comparisons between the model-produced and analyzed streamlines,
More informationCPTEC and NCEP Model Forecast Drift and South America during the Southern Hemisphere Summer
CPTEC and NCEP Model Forecast Drift and South America during the Southern Hemisphere Summer José Antonio Aravéquia 1 Pedro L. Silva Dias 2 (1) Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Research National
More informationUPDATE OF REGIONAL WEATHER AND SMOKE HAZE (December 2017)
UPDATE OF REGIONAL WEATHER AND SMOKE HAZE (December 2017) 1. Review of Regional Weather Conditions for November 2017 1.1 In November 2017, Southeast Asia experienced inter-monsoon conditions in the first
More informationThe Australian Summer Monsoon
The Australian Summer Monsoon Aurel Moise, Josephine Brown, Huqiang Zhang, Matt Wheeler and Rob Colman Australian Bureau of Meteorology Presentation to WMO IWM-IV, Singapore, November 2017 Outline Australian
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 11 November 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 11 November 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationTheoretical and Modeling Issues Related to ISO/MJO
Theoretical and Modeling Issues Related to ISO/MJO Tim Li Department of Meteorology and IPRC University of Hawaii DYNAMO workshop, April 13-14, Boulder, Colorado 1. MJO Initiation issue: Role of air- sea
More informationCharles Jones ICESS University of California, Santa Barbara CA Outline
The Influence of Tropical Variations on Wintertime Precipitation in California: Pineapple express, Extreme rainfall Events and Long-range Statistical Forecasts Charles Jones ICESS University of California,
More informationLecture 8: Natural Climate Variability
Lecture 8: Natural Climate Variability Extratropics: PNA, NAO, AM (aka. AO), SAM Tropics: MJO Coupled A-O Variability: ENSO Decadal Variability: PDO, AMO Unforced vs. Forced Variability We often distinguish
More informationLectures on Tropical Cyclones
Lectures on Tropical Cyclones Chapter 1 Observations of Tropical Cyclones Outline of course Introduction, Observed Structure Dynamics of Mature Tropical Cyclones Equations of motion Primary circulation
More informationClimate System Monitoring
Climate System Monitoring Climate Prediction Division of JMA iroshi asegawa (h_hasegawa@met.kishou.go.jp) 1 Contents What is the climate system? Purpose of climate system monitoring View points for monitoring
More informationMeteorology 311. General Circulation/Fronts Fall 2017
Meteorology 311 General Circulation/Fronts Fall 2017 Precipitation Types Rain Snow growth of ice crystals through deposition, accretion, and aggregation. Freezing Rain Rain freezes when it hits the surface.
More informationlecture 10 El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Part I sea surface height anomalies as measured by satellite altimetry
lecture 10 El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Part I sea surface height anomalies as measured by satellite altimetry SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF ENSO In 1899, the Indian monsoon failed, leading to drought
More informationWATER VAPOR FLUXES OVER EQUATORIAL CENTRAL AFRICA
WATER VAPOR FLUXES OVER EQUATORIAL CENTRAL AFRICA INTRODUCTION A good understanding of the causes of climate variability depend, to the large extend, on the precise knowledge of the functioning of the
More informationWind: Global Systems Chapter 10
Wind: Global Systems Chapter 10 General Circulation of the Atmosphere General circulation of the atmosphere describes average wind patterns and is useful for understanding climate Over the earth, incoming
More informationTROPICAL-EXTRATROPICAL INTERACTIONS
Notes of the tutorial lectures for the Natural Sciences part by Alice Grimm Fourth lecture TROPICAL-EXTRATROPICAL INTERACTIONS Anomalous tropical SST Anomalous convection Anomalous latent heat source Anomalous
More informationENSO, AO, and climate in Japan. 15 November 2016 Yoshinori Oikawa, Tokyo Climate Center, Japan Meteorological Agency
ENSO, AO, and climate in Japan 15 November 2016 Yoshinori Oikawa, Tokyo Climate Center, Japan Meteorological Agency Aims of this lecture At the end of the yesterday s lecture, Hare-run said, - In the exercise
More informationVertical Structure of Atmosphere
ATMOS 3110 Introduction to Atmospheric Sciences Distribution of atmospheric mass and gaseous constituents Because of the earth s gravitational field, the atmosphere exerts a downward forces on the earth
More informationMoist static energy budget diagnostics for. monsoon research. H. Annamalai
Moist static energy budget diagnostics for monsoon research H. Annamalai JJAS Precipitation and SST Climatology I III II Multiple regional heat sources - EIO and SPCZ still experience high precipitation
More informationENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 9 November 2015
ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 9 November 2015 Outline Summary Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)
More informationDRY INTRUSION FROM THE INDIAN OCEAN OBSERVED AT SUMATERA ISLAND ON OCTOBER 6-7, 1998
DRY INTRUSION FROM THE INDIAN OCEAN OBSERVED AT SUMATERA ISLAND ON OCTOBER 6-7, 1998 FUMIE MURATA Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 335 Takashima-cho, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-0878, Japan MANABU D.
More informationSeasonal Climate Outlook for South Asia (June to September) Issued in May 2014
Ministry of Earth Sciences Earth System Science Organization India Meteorological Department WMO Regional Climate Centre (Demonstration Phase) Pune, India Seasonal Climate Outlook for South Asia (June
More informationA Simple Diagnostic Model for the Day Oscillation in the Tropics. By Toshio Yamagata* and Yoshikazu Hayashi
October 1984 T. Yamagata and Y. Hayashi 709 A Simple Diagnostic Model for the 30-50 Day Oscillation in the Tropics By Toshio Yamagata* and Yoshikazu Hayashi Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Program, Princeton
More informationWinds and Global Circulation
Winds and Global Circulation Atmospheric Pressure Winds Global Wind and Pressure Patterns Oceans and Ocean Currents El Nino How is Energy Transported to its escape zones? Both atmospheric and ocean transport
More informationP1.3 DIURNAL VARIABILITY OF THE CLOUD FIELD OVER THE VOCALS DOMAIN FROM GOES IMAGERY. CIMMS/University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73069
P1.3 DIURNAL VARIABILITY OF THE CLOUD FIELD OVER THE VOCALS DOMAIN FROM GOES IMAGERY José M. Gálvez 1, Raquel K. Orozco 1, and Michael W. Douglas 2 1 CIMMS/University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73069 2 NSSL/NOAA,
More informationGeneral Atmospheric Circulation
General Atmospheric Circulation Take away Concepts and Ideas Global circulation: The mean meridional (N-S) circulation Trade winds and westerlies The Jet Stream Earth s climate zones Monsoonal climate
More informationIntraseasonal Variability and TC Forecasting
Intraseasonal Variability and TC Forecasting 2017 WMO Class Eric Blake Hurricane Specialist National Hurricane Center 3/1/2017 Outline Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) MJO analysis tools Kelvin Waves Brief
More information2006/12/29. MISMO workshop Yokohama, 25 November, 2008
Global cloud-resolving simulations of MJO events in November 2006 - January 2007 ---multiscale structure --- 2006/12/29 MTSAT-1R NICAM Tomoe NASUNO, Masaki SATOH, Hiroaki MIURA, NICAM development group
More informationCHAPTER 9 ATMOSPHERE S PLANETARY CIRCULATION MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 9 ATMOSPHERE S PLANETARY CIRCULATION MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Viewed from above in the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds about a subtropical high blow a. clockwise and inward. b. counterclockwise.
More informationEl Niño, South American Monsoon, and Atlantic Niño links as detected by a. TOPEX/Jason Observations
El Niño, South American Monsoon, and Atlantic Niño links as detected by a decade of QuikSCAT, TRMM and TOPEX/Jason Observations Rong Fu 1, Lei Huang 1, Hui Wang 2, Paola Arias 1 1 Jackson School of Geosciences,
More informationThe feature of atmospheric circulation in the extremely warm winter 2006/2007
The feature of atmospheric circulation in the extremely warm winter 2006/2007 Hiroshi Hasegawa 1, Yayoi Harada 1, Hiroshi Nakamigawa 1, Atsushi Goto 1 1 Climate Prediction Division, Japan Meteorological
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP July 26, 2004
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP July 26, 2004 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic NiZo Index
More informationCHAPTER 6 Air-Sea Interaction Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER 6 Air-Sea Interaction Chapter Overview The atmosphere and the ocean are one independent system. Earth has seasons because of the tilt on its axis. There are three major wind belts in each hemisphere.
More informationThe general circulation: midlatitude storms
The general circulation: midlatitude storms Motivation for this class Provide understanding basic motions of the atmosphere: Ability to diagnose individual weather systems, and predict how they will change
More informationGEO1010 tirsdag
GEO1010 tirsdag 31.08.2010 Jørn Kristiansen; jornk@met.no I dag: Først litt repetisjon Stråling (kap. 4) Atmosfærens sirkulasjon (kap. 6) Latitudinal Geographic Zones Figure 1.12 jkl TØRR ATMOSFÆRE Temperature
More informationThe Planetary Circulation System
12 The Planetary Circulation System Learning Goals After studying this chapter, students should be able to: 1. describe and account for the global patterns of pressure, wind patterns and ocean currents
More informationAn Introduction to Coupled Models of the Atmosphere Ocean System
An Introduction to Coupled Models of the Atmosphere Ocean System Jonathon S. Wright jswright@tsinghua.edu.cn Atmosphere Ocean Coupling 1. Important to climate on a wide range of time scales Diurnal to
More informationAssessing Land Surface Albedo Bias in Models of Tropical Climate
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Assessing Land Surface Albedo Bias in Models of Tropical Climate William R. Boos (PI) Yale University PO Box 208109 New
More informationModulation of the diurnal cycle of tropical deep convective clouds
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L20704, doi:10.1029/2006gl027752, 2006 Modulation of the diurnal cycle of tropical deep convective clouds by the MJO Baijun Tian, 1 Duane
More informationQuiz 2 Review Questions
Quiz 2 Review Questions Chapter 7 Lectures: Winds and Global Winds and Global Winds cont 1) What is the thermal circulation (thermal wind) and how does it form? When we have this type of circulation, how
More informationENSO Outlook by JMA. Hiroyuki Sugimoto. El Niño Monitoring and Prediction Group Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological Agency
ENSO Outlook by JMA Hiroyuki Sugimoto El Niño Monitoring and Prediction Group Climate Prediction Division Outline 1. ENSO impacts on the climate 2. Current Conditions 3. Prediction by JMA/MRI-CGCM 4. Summary
More information1. Introduction. 2. Verification of the 2010 forecasts. Research Brief 2011/ February 2011
Research Brief 2011/01 Verification of Forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific and Number of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall in South China and the Korea and Japan region
More informationHurricanes. April 14, 2009
Tropical Weather & Hurricanes Chapter 15 April 14, 2009 Tropical meteorology Tropics characterized by seasonal wet and drier periods- wet when sun is nearly overhead at noon and inter-tropical convergence
More informationGravity Waves. Lecture 5: Waves in Atmosphere. Waves in the Atmosphere and Oceans. Internal Gravity (Buoyancy) Waves 2/9/2017
Lecture 5: Waves in Atmosphere Perturbation Method Properties of Wave Shallow Water Model Gravity Waves Rossby Waves Waves in the Atmosphere and Oceans Restoring Force Conservation of potential temperature
More informationDynamics of the Atmosphere
12.810 Dynamics of the Atmosphere Course description: Discusses the dynamics of the atmosphere, with emphasis on the large scale. Instructor: Paul O Gorman Email: pog@mit.edu Office: 54-1712 Questions:
More informationVertical Moist Thermodynamic Structure of the MJO in AIRS Observations: An Update and A Comparison to ECMWF Interim Reanalysis
Vertical Moist Thermodynamic Structure of the MJO in AIRS Observations: An Update and A Comparison to ECMWF Interim Reanalysis Baijun Tian 1 Duane Waliser 1, Eric Fetzer 1, and Yuk Yung 2 1.Jet Propulsion
More informationAugust Description of an MJO forecast metric.
1956-30 Targeted Training Activity: Seasonal Predictability in Tropical Regions to be followed by Workshop on Multi-scale Predictions of the Asian and African Summer Monsoon 4-15 August 2008 Description
More informationClimate System Monitoring
TCC Training Seminar on Climate Analysis Information 26 30 November 2012 Tokyo, Japan Climate System Monitoring Shotaro TANAKA Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological Agency 1 Outline 1. Introduction
More information3. Midlatitude Storm Tracks and the North Atlantic Oscillation
3. Midlatitude Storm Tracks and the North Atlantic Oscillation Copyright 2006 Emily Shuckburgh, University of Cambridge. Not to be quoted or reproduced without permission. EFS 3/1 Review of key results
More informationImpact of Resolution on Extended-Range Multi-Scale Simulations
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Impact of Resolution on Extended-Range Multi-Scale Simulations Carolyn A. Reynolds Naval Research Laboratory Monterey,
More informationThe Impact of the Extratropical Transition of Typhoon Dale (1996) on the Early Wintertime Stratospheric Circulation
The Impact of the Extratropical Transition of Typhoon Dale (1996) on the Early 1996-97 Wintertime Stratospheric Circulation Andrea L. Lang 1, Jason M. Cordeira 2, Lance F. Bosart 1 and Daniel Keyser 1
More informationGoverning Equations and Scaling in the Tropics
Governing Equations and Scaling in the Tropics M 1 ( ) e R ε er Tropical v Midlatitude Meteorology Why is the general circulation and synoptic weather systems in the tropics different to the those in the
More informationENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 30 October 2017
ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 30 October 2017 Outline Summary Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)
More informationMoisture modes, cloud-radiative feedbacks and the MJO
Moisture modes, cloud-radiative feedbacks and the MJO Adam Sobel Eric Maloney with bits from Shuguang Wang, Jim Benedict; thanks also Gilles Bellon, Dargan Frierson, Daehyun Kim EUCLIPSE summer school
More informationwarmest (coldest) temperatures at summer heat dispersed upward by vertical motion Prof. Jin-Yi Yu ESS200A heated by solar radiation at the base
Pole Eq Lecture 3: ATMOSPHERE (Outline) JS JP Hadley Cell Ferrel Cell Polar Cell (driven by eddies) L H L H Basic Structures and Dynamics General Circulation in the Troposphere General Circulation in the
More informationObservational Study of Subtropical Highs. Richard Grotjahn Dept. of Land, Air, and Water Resources University of California, Davis, U.S.A.
Observational Study of Subtropical Highs Richard Grotjahn Dept. of Land, Air, and Water Resources University of California, Davis, U.S.A. Organization of Talk There are 5 subtropical highs Question: What
More informationClimate and the Atmosphere
Climate and Biomes Climate Objectives: Understand how weather is affected by: 1. Variations in the amount of incoming solar radiation 2. The earth s annual path around the sun 3. The earth s daily rotation
More informationPeter Bechtold. 1 European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast. COST Summer School Brac 2013: Global Convection
Global Numerical Weather prediction: the role of convection Peter Bechtold 1 European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast Slide 1 Content Global picture of convection and methods to analyse waves
More informationMC-KPP: Efficient, flexible and accurate air-sea coupling
MC-KPP: Efficient, flexible and accurate air-sea coupling Nick Klingaman NCAS-Climate, University of Reading Shortwave Longwave Latent Sensible Wind Prescribe SSTs and sea ice Pro: Computationally inexpensive,
More informationPart-8c Circulation (Cont)
Part-8c Circulation (Cont) Global Circulation Means of Transfering Heat Easterlies /Westerlies Polar Front Planetary Waves Gravity Waves Mars Circulation Giant Planet Atmospheres Zones and Belts Global
More informationVariability of West African Weather Systems. Chris Thorncroft Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at Albany
Variability of West African Weather Systems Chris Thorncroft Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at Albany Variability of West African Weather Systems (1) Convectively Coupled
More informationIdentifying the MJO Skeleton in Observational Data
. Identifying the MJO Skeleton in Observational Data Sam Stechmann, Wisconsin Andrew Majda, NYU World Weather Open Science Conference August 20, 2014 Montreal, Canada Theoretical prediction of MJO structure
More informationDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
10A.4 TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATIONS IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA CHENG-SHANG LEE 1 AND YUNG-LAN LIN* 1, 2 1 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Taipei Aeronautic Meteorological
More informationWhy There Is Weather?
Lecture 6: Weather, Music Of Our Sphere Weather and Climate WEATHER The daily fluctuations in atmospheric conditions. The atmosphere on its own can produce weather. (From Understanding Weather & Climate)
More informationTropical drivers of the Antarctic atmosphere
Tropical drivers of the Antarctic atmosphere Bradford S. Barrett Gina R. Henderson Oceanography Department U. S. Naval Academy Acknowledge support of: NSF awards ARC-1203843 and AGS-1240143 ONR award N1416WX01752
More informationthe 2 past three decades
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2840 Atlantic-induced 1 pan-tropical climate change over the 2 past three decades 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 POP simulation forced by the Atlantic-induced atmospheric
More informationINFLUENCE OF LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE FLUXES ON THE INTERANNUAL TO MULTIDECADAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY OF THE WEST AFRICAN MONSOON
3C.4 INFLUENCE OF LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE FLUXES ON THE INTERANNUAL TO MULTIDECADAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY OF THE WEST AFRICAN MONSOON Andreas H. Fink*, and Sonja Eikenberg University of Cologne,
More informationImpact of ENSO on seasonal variations of Kelvin Waves and mixed Rossby-Gravity Waves
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Impact of ENSO on seasonal variations of Kelvin Waves and mixed Rossby-Gravity Waves To cite this article: Saeful Rakhman et al
More informationProspects for subseasonal forecast of Tropical Cyclone statistics with the CFS
Prospects for subseasonal forecast of Tropical Cyclone statistics with the CFS Augustin Vintzileos (1)(3), Tim Marchok (2), Hua-Lu Pan (3) and Stephen J. Lord (1) SAIC (2) GFDL (3) EMC/NCEP/NOAA During
More informationESCI 344 Tropical Meteorology Lesson 8 Tropical Weather Systems
ESCI 344 Tropical Meteorology Lesson 8 Tropical Weather Systems References: Tropical Climatology (2 nd Ed.), McGregor and Nieuwolt Climate and Weather in the Tropics, Riehl Climate Dynamics of the Tropics,
More informationRobert Houze University of Washington (with contributions from B. Smull)
Robert Houze University of Washington (with contributions from B. Smull) Winter MONEX Summer MONEX Presented at: International Conference on MONEX and its Legacy, 3-7 Feb 2005, New Delhi Johnson & Houze
More informationEast-west SST contrast over the tropical oceans and the post El Niño western North Pacific summer monsoon
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 32, L15706, doi:10.1029/2005gl023010, 2005 East-west SST contrast over the tropical oceans and the post El Niño western North Pacific summer monsoon Toru Terao Faculty
More informationF = ma. ATS 150 Global Climate Change Winds and Weather. Scott Denning CSU CMMAP 1. Please read Chapter 6 from Archer Textbook
Winds and Weather Please read Chapter 6 from Archer Textbook Circulation of the atmosphere and oceans are driven by energy imbalances Energy Imbalances What Makes the Wind Blow? Three real forces (gravity,
More informationTransient and Eddy. Transient/Eddy Flux. Flux Components. Lecture 3: Weather/Disturbance. Transient: deviations from time mean Time Mean
Lecture 3: Weather/Disturbance Transients and Eddies Climate Roles Mid-Latitude Cyclones Tropical Hurricanes Mid-Ocean Eddies Transient and Eddy Transient: deviations from time mean Time Mean Eddy: deviations
More informationAnticorrelated intensity change of the quasi-biweekly and day oscillations over the South China Sea
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L16702, doi:10.1029/2008gl034449, 2008 Anticorrelated intensity change of the quasi-biweekly and 30 50-day oscillations over the South
More information