Preliminary Conceptual Model Development
|
|
- Allan Edwards
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Preliminary Conceptual Model Development Develop preliminary conceptual models regarding the sources of haze at every Class I area in the WRAP region Site-specific summaries of the descriptive material that characterize haze events by season, chemistry and likely source region (qualitatively), they also describe the site and conditions that could lead to local source influences Based on monitoring site descriptive analysis, aerosol data analysis, meteorological descriptive analysis, emission and back trajectory analysis
2 Conceptual Model Refinement Additional Analysis Transport regression analysis Episode analysis Receptor Modeling Trend analysis Others
3 Preliminary Conceptual Model - Causes of Haze in Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA2) GRCA2 (Hance Camp at Grand Canyon NP, AZ, Lat , Long ) is at a regionally exposed location on the south rim of Grand Canyon National Park, with an elevation of 2267 m (7346 ft). Terrain in the vicinity of GRCA2 is forested rolling hills to the south, and drops into the Grand Canyon to the north.
4 The average PM 2.5 mass concentration during the years 1997 to 2002 is 3.1 µg/m 3. The overall average total light extinction coefficient (B ext ) is 23.8 Mm -1 OMC is the largest contributor to aerosol light extinction in the 20% worst days, with a contribution of 31%. Sulfate also contributes ~28% in the worst days. The highest occurrence of the 20% worst days happened in June and September. CM is the largest aerosol contributor to haze in June. Sulfate and OMC are two of the largest aerosol contributors to light extinction in September.
5 Best 20% Days Worst 20% Days Figure 7. Normalized residence time in 20% best and worst haze days (based on data in ) Best visibility days are mostly associated with northerly flow patterns, while worst haze days are more likely associated with south westerly and south easterly flows. Occasionally, air may transport from the central and eastern United States given suitable meteorology conditions, which usually results in worst haze days.
6 Figure 8. Difference (left) and ratio (right) of normalized residence time in 20% worst OC days and all days in (possible important source regions are shown up as blue in the maps) It indicates important OC sources at southwestern California and northwestern Texas. While it does not happen frequently, air flows from central and southeastern US will usually bring in high OC.
7 Figure 9.. Difference (left) and ratio (right) of normalized residence time in 20% worst sulfate days and all days in (possible important source regions are shown up as blue in the maps) Southwestern Arizona and northwestern Mexico are the major source areas of sulfate at the Grand Canyon. Again, during certain meteorology conditions, air may transport from central and eastern US to the Grand Canyon and result in high sulfate days.
8 Coarse particles are usually transported from the southeastern California desert area, and occasionally from longer distance such as Africa and Asia. Dust transported from these regions is important contributor to haze in the spring and early summer. Normalized residence time in June Figure 10. Difference (left) and ratio (right) of normalized residence time in 20% worst CM days and all days in (possible important source regions are shown up as blue in the maps)
9 Meteorological Indicators Subsidence inversions associated with buildup and stagnation of synoptic high pressure ridges are most likely to occur during the summer (July September), when pressure and temperature gradients in the region are the weakest, and wind circulations therefore weaker. The highest aerosol concentrations from local sources are likely to occur during synoptic stagnation periods in spring and summer, especially in conjunction with significant wildland burning.
10 Causes of Haze in Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA2) Organics emitted from regional forest fires and transported from southwestern California and northwestern Texas, as well as sulfate from southwestern Arizona and northwestern Mexico are the major causes of haze at the Grand Canyon National Park. Dust from southeastern California desert area and occasionally from longer distance such as Africa is also important contributor to haze in the spring and early summer.
11 Preliminary Conceptual Model - Causes of Haze in the Badlands Wilderness Area (BADL1) Badlands National Park consists of 244,000 acres of sharply eroded buttes, pinnacles, and spires in southwestern South Dakota. The Badlands National Park Area IMPROVE site BADL1 is located on gently sloping flat in the extreme eastern portion of the National Park, 4 km northeast of the town of Interior. Site elevation is 736 m (2415 ft). The general topography is plains; therefore this site is well exposed to regional scale transport winds
12 The average PM 2.5 mass concentration is 4.0 µg/m 3. The average total light extinction coefficient (B ext ) is 35.1 Mm -1 (Visual Range ~ 111 Km; Deciview ~ 12.6). The major chemical component that contributes to haze at BADL1 is sulfate. Highest occurrence of the 20% worst days happened in July and August. Sulfate dominates the aerosol light extinction throughout the year
13 Figure 5. Normalized residence time in January (top left) and April (top right), July (bottom left) and October (bottom right) (based on data in ) Flows are mainly from west and northwest except in the summer, when southerly flows are dominant.
14 Southerly flows are dominant in the 20% worst days. Air is mainly transported from the southern and southeastern US, as well as North Dakota and Southern Canada during the worst sulfate days. Normalized residence time for 20% worst days Figure 7. Difference (left) and ratio (right) of normalized residence time in 20% worst sulfate days and all days in (possible important source regions are shown up as blue in the maps)
15 Causes of Haze in the Badlands Wilderness Area (BADL1) Sulfate from south and southeastern US, North Dakota and Southern Canada are the major causes of haze at the Badlands Wilderness Area.
16 Preliminary Conceptual Model - Causes of Haze in the Craters of the Moon Wilderness Area (CRMO1) The Snake River Plain is a large agricultural region extending to Boise and Treasure Valley 300 km west, Idaho Falls and the upper Snake River Plain 100 km east, and Twin Falls and Magic Valley some 80 km south from CRMO1. Agricultural related emission sources include stubble field burning and plowing. Largest urban areas, with associated vehicle and other urban emissions are Boise, Twin Falls, and Idaho Falls/Pocatello. Other emission sources include the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), a DOE nuclear research center 25 km east of CRMO1 that has several permitted point sources of NOx and SO 2, and large mineral and chemical plants in the Pocatello area, 100 km southeast.
Big Bend Regional Aerosol & Visibility Observational Study
Big Bend Regional Aerosol & Visibility Observational Study BRAVO - Results Bret Schichtel National Park Service, Schichtel@cira.colostate.edu Presented at the BRAVO Public Meeting Alpine, Texas September
More informationFigure 1. A terrain map of Texas and Mexico as well as some major cites and points of interest to the BRAVO study.
Big Bend Regional Aerosol and Visibility Observational (BRAVO) Study Results: Air Quality Data and Source Attribution Analyses Results from the National Park Service / Cooperative Institute for Research
More informationCauses of Haze Assessment
Causes of Haze Assessment Presented at the WRAP Technical Summit Meeting Tempe, AZ January 27, 2004 Mark Green, Dave DuBois, Jin Xiu, and Dan Freeman Desert Research Institute Marc Pitchford, NOAA and
More informationWho is polluting the Columbia River Gorge?
Who is polluting the Columbia River Gorge? Final report to the Yakima Nation Prepared by: Dan Jaffe, Ph.D Northwest Air Quality, Inc. 7746 Ravenna Avenue NE Seattle WA 98115 NW_airquality@hotmail.com December
More informationCauses of Haze Assessment
Causes of Haze Assessment Presented at the RPO National Technical Workgroup Meeting November 5, 2003 Dave DuBois Desert Research Institute Acknowledgements WRAP Air Monitoring & Reporting Forum Chair Marc
More information5. Light Extinction In The Desert Southwest
5. Light Extinction In The Desert Southwest This chapter describes the spatial and temporal variations of light extinction and its components over the study area. 5.1 Principles of Light Extinction Perception
More informationNational Wildland Significant Fire Potential Outlook
National Wildland Significant Fire Potential Outlook National Interagency Fire Center Predictive Services Issued: April 1, 2008 Next Issue: May 1, 2008 Wildland Fire Outlook April 2008 through July 2008
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast August 2018 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast August 2018 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College August 5, 2018 Summary: July 2018 will likely go down as one of the top five warmest July s on record for many
More informationNational Wildland Significant Fire Potential Outlook
National Wildland Significant Fire Potential Outlook National Interagency Fire Center Predictive Services Issued: September, 2007 Wildland Fire Outlook September through December 2007 Significant fire
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast October 2018 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast October 2018 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College October 4, 2018 Summary: Much of Washington, Oregon, coastal California and the Bay Area and delta region
More informationWeather and Climate of the Rogue Valley By Gregory V. Jones, Ph.D., Southern Oregon University
Weather and Climate of the Rogue Valley By Gregory V. Jones, Ph.D., Southern Oregon University The Rogue Valley region is one of many intermountain valley areas along the west coast of the United States.
More informationRegional Haze Metrics Trends and HYSPLIT Trajectory Analyses. May 2017
Regional Haze Metrics Trends and HYSPLIT Trajectory Analyses May 2017 Principal Contributors: Tom Downs, CCM, ME DEP Project manager Martha Webster, ME DEP Trajectory analyses and GIS mapping Rich Greves,
More informationThe United States & Canada. A Regional Study of Anglo America
A Regional Study of Anglo America Landform Regions of the United States & Canada world leaders in agricultural and industrial production because of... VAST LANDS stretch from the Atlantic Ocean on the
More information2011 National Seasonal Assessment Workshop for the Eastern, Southern, & Southwest Geographic Areas
2011 National Seasonal Assessment Workshop for the Eastern, Southern, & Southwest Geographic Areas On January 11-13, 2011, wildland fire, weather, and climate met virtually for the ninth annual National
More informationArizona Climate Summary May 2012
Arizona Climate Summary May 2012 Summary of conditions for April 2012 April 2012 Temperature and Precipitation Summary April 1 st 16 th : Although April began with another low pressure system sweeping
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Winter
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Winter 2016-17 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University December 5, 2016 Well after an October that felt more like November, we just finished a November that
More informationJ4.2 ASSESSMENT OF PM TRANSPORT PATTERNS USING ADVANCED CLUSTERING METHODS AND SIMULATIONS AROUND THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA, CA 3.
J4.2 ASSESSMENT OF PM TRANSPORT PATTERNS USING ADVANCED CLUSTERING METHODS AND SIMULATIONS AROUND THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA, CA Scott Beaver 1*, Ahmet Palazoglu 2, Angadh Singh 2, and Saffet Tanrikulu
More informationPhysicochemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols in South Korea
Physicochemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols in South Korea Seungbum Kim, Sang-Sam Lee, Jeong-Eun Kim, Ju-Wan Cha, Beom-Cheol Shin, Eun-Ha Lim, Jae-Cheol Nam Asian Dust Research Division NIMR/KMA
More information12. ATTRIBUTION RECONCILIATION, CONCEPTUAL MODEL, AND LESSONS LEARNED
12. ATTRIBUTION RECONCILIATION, CONCEPTUAL MODEL, AND LESSONS LEARNED 12.1 Introduction The BRAVO Study attribution analyses estimate the contributions of source areas to particulate sulfate compounds
More informationFort Lewis, Washington (47 05'N, 'W)
Fort Lewis, Washington (47 05'N, 122 35'W) Full Year Climatology CONVENTIONS: The spelling of place names and geographical features are those used by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). All
More informationUpdate on IMPROVE Light Extinction Equation and Natural Conditions Estimates. Tom Moore, WRAP Technical Coordinator. May 23, 2006
Update on IMPROVE Light Extinction Equation and Natural Conditions Estimates Tom Moore, WRAP Technical Coordinator May 23, 2006 OR. Defining Regional Haze Impacts with Aerosol Sampling Data AND. Knowing
More informationAppendix 2a. Radar Wind Profiler Data
Appendix 2a. Radar ind Profiler Data Discussion of Radar ind Profiler Data ind profiler data were collected in two modes at four sites, Big Bend, agle Pass, Llano, and Brownsville. (ee chapter 2 for a
More informationDistribution of Temperature over the National Capital Territory of Delhi - A Preliminary Report
Distribution of Temperature over the National Capital Territory of Delhi - A Preliminary Report S.C. Bhan and Rahul Saxena India Meteorological Department, New Delhi E-mail: scbhan@yahoo.com ABSTRACT The
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2016
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2016 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University August 5, 2016 The month of July saw the continued flip, flop of the western US temperatures. It was warm
More information2014 Washington and Oregon Fire Season Outlook
2014 Washingn and Oregon Fire Season Outlook July 28, 2013 Large wildland fires in Southwest Oregon. Issued May 15, 2014 Paul Werth Fire Weather Meteorologist Weather Research and Consulting Services,
More informationEQ: Discuss main geographic landforms of the U.S. & Canada and examine varied landforms in relation to their lifestyles.
EQ: Discuss main geographic landforms of the U.S. & Canada and examine varied landforms in relation to their lifestyles. Places & Terms for Discussion Appalachian Mountains Great Plains Canadian Shield
More informationAnalysis of PM10 measurements and comparison with model results during 2007 wildfire season
Analysis of PM10 measurements and comparison with model results during 2007 wildfire season Autori S. Finardi, M. Mircea*, G.Righini* * ENEA/UTVALAMB-AIR Riferimento imento ARIANET R2011.16 May 2011 ARIANET
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Fall/Winter 2016
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Fall/Winter 2016 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University November 5, 2016 After a year where we were seemingly off by a month in terms of temperatures (March
More informationArizona Climate Summary February 2018 Summary of conditions for January 2018
Arizona Climate Summary February 2018 Summary of conditions for January 2018 January 2018 Temperature and Precipitation Summary January 1 st 19 th : The new year began with a ridge of high pressure over
More informationMulti-day severe event of May 2013
Abstract: Multi-day severe event of 18-22 May 2013 By Richard H. Grumm and Charles Ross National Weather Service State College, PA A relatively slow moving Trough over the western United States and a ridge
More informationMET Lecture 20 Mountain Snowstorms (CH16)
MET 4300 Lecture 20 Mountain Snowstorms (CH16) Learning Objectives Provide an overview of the importance and impacts of mountain snowstorms in the western US Describe how topography influence precipitation
More informationThe regional distribution characteristics of aerosol optical depth over the Tibetan Plateau
The regional distribution characteristics of aerosol optical depth over the Tibetan Plateau C. Xu, Y. M. Ma, CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences xuchao@itpcas.ac.cn
More informationNorth Carolina Full Year Climatology
North Carolina Full Year Climatology CONVENTIONS: The spelling of place names and geographical features are those used by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). All distances are in nautical miles
More informationGlobal Change and Air Pollution (EPA-STAR GCAP) Daniel J. Jacob
Global Change and Air Pollution (EPA-STAR GCAP) and some more recent work on climate-aq interactions Daniel J. Jacob (djacob@fas.harvard.edu) with Eric M. Leibensperger, Shiliang Wu, Amos Tai, and Loretta
More informationCASE STUDY OF THE NOVEMBER WINDSTORM IN SOUTH CENTRAL COLORADO
32 CASE STUDY OF THE 12-13 NOVEMBER WINDSTORM IN SOUTH CENTRAL COLORADO Paul Wolyn * NOAA/NWS Pueblo, CO 1. INTRODUCTION During the evening and early morning of 12-13 November 2011, a damaging downslope
More information1. Which weather map symbol is associated with extremely low air pressure? A) B) C) D) 2. The diagram below represents a weather instrument.
1. Which weather map symbol is associated with extremely low air pressure? 2. The diagram below represents a weather instrument. Which weather variable was this instrument designed to measure? A) air pressure
More informationClimates of NYS. Definitions. Climate Regions of NYS. Storm Tracks. Climate Controls 10/13/2011. Characteristics of NYS s Climates
Definitions Climates of NYS Prof. Anthony Grande 2011 Weather and Climate Weather the state of the atmosphere at one point in time. The elements of weather are temperature, air pressure, wind and moisture.
More informationMarch 1, 2003 Western Snowpack Conditions and Water Supply Forecasts
Natural Resources Conservation Service National Water and Climate Center 101 SW Main Street, Suite 1600 Portland, OR 97204-3224 Date: March 17, 2003 Subject: March 1, 2003 Western Snowpack Conditions and
More informationWind: Global Systems Chapter 10
Wind: Global Systems Chapter 10 General Circulation of the Atmosphere General circulation of the atmosphere describes average wind patterns and is useful for understanding climate Over the earth, incoming
More informationMET 3502 Synoptic Meteorology. Lecture 8: September 16, AIRMASSES, FRONTS and FRONTAL ANALYSIS (2)
MET 3502 Synoptic Meteorology Lecture 8: September 16, 2010 AIRMASSES, FRONTS and FRONTAL ANALYSIS (2) Identifying a cold front on a surface weather map: 1. Surface front is located at the leading edge
More informationWRAP CAMx-PSAT Source Apportionment Modeling Results
WRAP CAMx-PSAT Source Apportionment Modeling Results Implementation Workgroup Meeting August 29, 26 Source Apportionment Technique Regional gridded photochemical CAMx air quality aerosol model with PM
More informationAn assessment of the risk of aerial transport of rust pathogens to the Western Hemisphere and within North America
An assessment of the risk of aerial transport of rust pathogens to the Western Hemisphere and within North America Scott A. Isard Departments of Plant Pathology and Meteorology Pennsylvania State University
More informationThe following information is provided for your use in describing climate and water supply conditions in the West as of April 1, 2003.
Natural Resources Conservation Service National Water and Climate Center 101 SW Main Street, Suite 1600 Portland, OR 97204-3224 Date: April 8, 2003 Subject: April 1, 2003 Western Snowpack Conditions and
More informationUnit 1: Geography. For additional information, refer to this website: 1 G e o g r a p h y
Unit 1: Geography For additional information, refer to this website: http://mryoungtms.weebly.com/ 1 G e o g r a p h y Continents and Oceans SOL USI. 2a Essential Understanding: Continents are large land
More informationCLIMATOLOGY OF POSITIVE POLARITY FLASHES AND MULTIPLICITY AND THEIR RELATION TO NATURAL WILDFIRE IGNITIONS
2006 19th International Lightning Detection Conference 24-25 April Tucson, Arizona, USA 1st International Lightning Meteorology Conference 26-27 April Tucson, Arizona, USA CLIMATOLOGY OF POSITIVE POLARITY
More informationTropical Moist Rainforest
Tropical or Lowlatitude Climates: Controlled by equatorial tropical air masses Tropical Moist Rainforest Rainfall is heavy in all months - more than 250 cm. (100 in.). Common temperatures of 27 C (80 F)
More informationAs you can see in the picture to the left, the dust devils on Mars are significantly larger than dust devils on Earth.
A Study of Wind Streak and Dust Devil Track Direction in Syrtis Major to Establish Consistent Wind Direction and Determine if This Changes by Season. Mars Student Imaging Project March 2011 Rim Country
More informationArizona Climate Summary April 2013
Arizona Climate Summary April 2013 Summary of conditions for March 2013 March 2013 Temperature and Precipitation Summary March 1 st 16 th : March began as a ridge of high pressure progressed across the
More informationbut 2012 was dry Most farmers pulled in a crop
After a winter that wasn t, conditions late in the year pointed to a return to normal snow and cold conditions Most farmers pulled in a crop but 2012 was dry b y M i k e Wr o b l e w s k i, w e a t h e
More informationErik Kabela and Greg Carbone, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina
Downscaling climate change information for water resources Erik Kabela and Greg Carbone, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina As decision makers evaluate future water resources, they often
More informationin East Asia and West Pacific Ocean M.Yamada(NU), T.Nagatani(NU) D.Zhang(PUK), T.Shibata(NU)
Dust Particle Distribution in Free Troposphere in East Asia and West Pacific Ocean Y.Iwasaka (NU), G.-Y.Shi (IAP) Z.Zhen (CAREERI), Y.S.Kim (HU/NU) A.Matsuki(NU),D.Trochkine(IWEP/NU) M.Yamada(NU), T.Nagatani(NU)
More informationL.O Students will learn about factors that influences the environment
Name L.O Students will learn about factors that influences the environment Date 1. At the present time, glaciers occur mostly in areas of A) high latitude or high altitude B) low latitude or low altitude
More informationColorado Front Range Wildfires Situation Report #7 Monday, July 02, :15 AM (MDT)
Colorado Front Range Wildfires Situation Report #7 Monday, July 02, 2012 10:15 AM (MDT) Mandatory evacuations for the Waldo Canyon fire have been reduced from 35,000 to 3,000. Remaining evacuations are
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast January 2018 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast January 2018 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College January 5, 2018 Summary: A persistent ridge of high pressure over the west in December produced strong inversions
More informationProject No India Basin Shadow Study San Francisco, California, USA
Project No. 432301 India Basin Shadow Study San Francisco, California, USA Numerical Modelling Studies 04 th June 2018 For Build Inc. Report Title: India Basin Shadow Study San Francisco, California, USA
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast November 2017 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast November 2017 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College November 7, 2017 Summary: October was relatively cool and wet north, while warm and very dry south. Dry conditions
More informationInvestigation of the Arizona Severe Weather Event of August 8 th, 1997
Investigation of the Arizona Severe Weather Event of August 8 th, 1997 Tim Hollfelder May 10 th, 2006 Abstract Synoptic scale forcings were very weak for these thunderstorms on August 7-8, 1997 over the
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2016
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2016 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University June 6, 2016 May 2016 continued the warm trend for portions of the west, while providing some relief for
More informationChanges in Texas Ecoregions
Comment On Lesson Changes in Texas Ecoregions The state of Texas can be divided into 10 distinct areas based on unique combinations of vegetation, topography, landforms, wildlife, soil, rock, climate,
More informationTopography of the conterminous United States
Topography of the conterminous United States Potential Natural Vegetation Geology Coastal Ranges physiographic province Cascade-Sierra Mountains Cascades Mount Hood California central valley Sierra-Nevada
More informationEarly May Cut-off low and Mid-Atlantic rains
Abstract: Early May Cut-off low and Mid-Atlantic rains By Richard H. Grumm National Weather Service State College, PA A deep 500 hpa cutoff developed in the southern Plains on 3 May 2013. It produced a
More informationArizona Climate Summary
August 2015 Temperature and Precipitation Summary Arizona Climate Summary September 2015 Summary of conditions for August 2015 August 1 st 16 th : August was a wet month across the state with only 3 days
More informationTrends in Frost Dates, Frost Free Duration and Seasonal Temperature on the Canadian Prairie
1 Trends in Frost Dates, Frost Free Duration and Seasonal Temperature on the Canadian Prairie Herb Cutforth 1, Ted O Brien 2, Jason Tuchelt 2 and Rick Rickwood 2 1 SPARC, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast February 2018 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast February 2018 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College February 5, 2018 Summary: For the majority of the month of January the persistent ridge of high pressure
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast March 2019 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast March 2019 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College March 2, 2019 Summary: Dramatic flip from a mild winter to a top five coldest February on record in many locations
More informationMeteorology. Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer
Chapter 3 Worksheet 1 Meteorology Name: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer 1) If the maximum temperature for a particular day is 26 C and the minimum temperature is 14 C, the daily
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer into Harvest 2016
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer into Harvest 2016 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University September 3, 2016 With school and football season starting a hint of fall is right on time
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast April 2018 Report
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast April 2018 Report Gregory V. Jones Linfield College April 4, 2018 Summary: A near Miracle March played out bringing cooler and wetter conditions to the majority
More informationArizona Climate Summary February 2012
Arizona Climate Summary February 2012 Summary of conditions for January 2012 January 2012 Temperature and Precipitation Summary January 1 st 20 th : The New Year has started on a very dry note. The La
More informationArizona Climate Summary March 2013
Arizona Climate Summary March 2013 Summary of conditions for February 2013 February 2013 Temperature and Precipitation Summary February 1 st 16 th : February began with a ridge of high pressure over the
More informationWeathering/ Erosion/ Deposition in the Texas Ecoregions
Practice Test Study these answers Weathering/ Erosion/ Deposition in the Texas Ecoregions 1. In the Texas Panhandle, physical weathering by abrasion is usually caused by wind, water and gravity 2. Two
More informationSouth Dakota Wildfire Potential Outlook - January
January 4, 2018 South Dakota Wildfire Potential Outlook - January 2018 - Happy New Year! The Legion Lake fire in and southeast of Custer State Park was the big headline of December 2017. Climate and weather
More informationArizona Climate Summary October 2012
Arizona Climate Summary October 2012 Summary of conditions for September 2012 September 2012 Temperature and Precipitation Summary September 1 st 14 th : September began with an upper level low pressure
More information6.5 Interrelationships of Fine Mass, Sulfur and Absorption Daily Scatter Plots Shenandoah National Park
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY S-1 S.1 Optical and Aerosol Data S-1 S.2 Spatial and Seasonal Distribution of Aerosol Concentration and S-4 Chemical Composition S.3 Light Extinction
More informationThe seasonality of transportation in the Southern African subregion is considered. By
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This Chapter discusses the findings of the research. A seasonal air transport climatology for southern Africa is presented. The months of February, April, July and October
More informationdiscussion of North America s physical features, including its landforms and bodies of
Chapter 7 Natural Environments of North America Chapter 7 focuses on the natural environments of North America. The chapter opens with a discussion of North America s physical features, including its landforms
More informationMODELING LIGHTNING AS AN IGNITION SOURCE OF RANGELAND WILDFIRE IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO
MODELING LIGHTNING AS AN IGNITION SOURCE OF RANGELAND WILDFIRE IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO Keith T. Weber, Ben McMahan, Paul Johnson, and Glenn Russell GIS Training and Research Center Idaho State University
More informationArizona Climate Summary September 2017 Summary of conditions for August 2017
August 2017 Temperature and Precipitation Summary Arizona Climate Summary September 2017 Summary of conditions for August 2017 August 1 st 15 th : The monsoon activity that ended July continued into the
More informationWeather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2017
Weather and Climate Summary and Forecast Summer 2017 Gregory V. Jones Southern Oregon University August 4, 2017 July largely held true to forecast, although it ended with the start of one of the most extreme
More informationDefinitions Weather and Climate Climates of NYS Weather Climate 2012 Characteristics of Climate Regions of NYS NYS s Climates 1.
Definitions Climates of NYS Prof. Anthony Grande 2012 Weather and Climate Weather the state of the atmosphere at one point in time. The elements of weather are temperature, t air pressure, wind and moisture.
More informationFronts in November 1998 Storm
Fronts in November 1998 Storm Much of the significant weather observed in association with extratropical storms tends to be concentrated within narrow bands called frontal zones. Fronts in November 1998
More informationSynoptic Meteorology I: Isoplething Example. From page 15 of Meteorological Data and an Introduction to Synoptic Analysis,
Synoptic Meteorology I: Isoplething Example Overview On the following pages, isoplethed analyses of sea-level pressure (every 4 hpa; Figure 1), 2-m temperature (every 5 F; Figure 2), 2-m dew point temperature
More informationContinuous measurement of airborne particles and gases
Continuous measurement of airborne particles and gases Jeff Collett and Taehyoung Lee Atmospheric Science Department Colorado State University Funding: USDA/AES and NPS Outline Why measure particles and
More informationArizona Climate Summary October 2015 Summary of conditions for September 2015
September 2015 Temperature and Precipitation Summary Arizona Climate Summary October 2015 Summary of conditions for September 2015 September 1 st 18 th : September began with high pressure over southern
More informationNatural Event Documentation
ADDENDUM Natural Event Documentation Corcoran, Oildale and Bakersfield, California September 22, 2006 San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District May 23, 2007 Natural Event Documentation
More informationArizona Climate Summary April 2018 Summary of conditions for March 2018
Arizona Climate Summary April 2018 Summary of conditions for March 2018 March 2018 Temperature and Precipitation Summary March 1 st 16 th : March began with rainfall in southeastern Arizona as the tail
More informationImpacts of Wildfires on Particulate Matter in Pima County, Arizona
Impacts of Wildfires on Particulate Matter in Pima County, Arizona Erika K. Wise Department of Geography and Regional Development University of Arizona Air Quality Trends in the Southwest Forum January
More informationColorado CoCoRaHS. Colorado CoCoRaHS. Because Every Drop Counts! October 2014 Volume 2, Issue 10
U.S. PRECIPITATION (% OF AVERAGE) LOOKING BACK AT SEPTEMBER 2014 September was dry for much of the nation with a few exceptions; one of those being the central Rockies. In Colorado, it was wetter-than-average
More informationArizona Climate Summary October 2013
Arizona Climate Summary October 2013 Summary of conditions for September 2013 September 2013 Temperature and Precipitation Summary September 1 st 16 th : With moist conditions still present throughout
More informationThe climate change penalty on US air quality: New perspectives from statistical models
The climate change penalty on US air quality: New perspectives from statistical models Charles River Path, Boston, July 2010 Salt Lake City, January 2013 Loretta J. Mickley, Lu Shen, Xu Yue Harvard University
More informationThe Little Colorado River
The Little Colorado River The Little Colorado River Junction of the Little Colorado River and the Colorado Grand Falls of the Little Colorado River The relief/topo map at the right shows the junction of
More informationSynoptic Meteorology II: Frontogenesis Examples Figure 1
Synoptic Meteorology II: Frontogenesis Examples The below images, taken from the 1200 UTC 17 January 2019 GFS forecast run, provide examples of the contributions of deformation and divergence to frontogenesis.
More informationSynoptic Meteorology I: Lab 1 Discussion. 25 September From page 14 of Meteorological Data and an Introduction to Synoptic Analysis,
Synoptic Meteorology I: Lab 1 Discussion 25 September 2014 Overview On the following pages, isoplethed analyses of sea-level pressure (every 4 hpa; Figure 1), 2-m temperature (every 5 F; Figure 2), 2-m
More information4/29/2011. Mid-latitude cyclones form along a
Chapter 10: Cyclones: East of the Rocky Mountain Extratropical Cyclones Environment prior to the development of the Cyclone Initial Development of the Extratropical Cyclone Early Weather Along the Fronts
More informationRegional Modeling Center Progress Report
Regional Modeling Center Progress Report October 11, 2007 Gail Tonnesen, University of California, Riverside Ralph Morris, ENVIRON Corporation Int., Novato, CA Zac Adelman, University of North Carolina
More informationPlanned Burn (PB)-Piedmont online version user guide. Climate, Ecosystem and Fire Applications (CEFA) Desert Research Institute (DRI) June 2017
Planned Burn (PB)-Piedmont online version user guide Climate, Ecosystem and Fire Applications (CEFA) Desert Research Institute (DRI) June 2017 The Planned Burn (PB)-Piedmont model (Achtemeier 2005) is
More information2 Background. 2.1 Setting
Determination of the effects of meteorology including moisture from the Gulf of Mexico on visibility-reducing particles. Evaluate and improve the accuracy of atmospheric models and source attribution methods
More information3. HYDROMETEROLOGY. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Hydro-meteorological Aspect. 3.3 Rain Gauge Stations
3. HYDROMETEROLOGY 3.1 Introduction Hydrometeorology is a branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere. Detailed hydrological
More informationArizona Climate Summary
May 2015 Temperature and Precipitation Summary Arizona Climate Summary June 2015 Summary of conditions for May 2015 May 1 st 14 th : May began with high pressure in the west, and May 1 st was dry statewide,
More informationReview of the IMPROVE Equation for Estimating Ambient Light Extinction
Review of the IMPROVE Equation for Estimating Ambient Light Extinction Jenny Hand 1 Bill Malm 2 1 CIRA, Colorado State University 2 National Park Service OUTLINE Introduction Sampling Biases Chemical forms
More information