latent heat/humidity

Transcription

1 1. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the graph below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The graph shows variations in air temperature and relative humidity for a spring day in Oswego, New York. 3. Which graph best shows the relationship between the probability of precipitation and the difference between air temperature and dewpoint? A. Which change most likely caused the decrease in relative humidity between 6:00 am and 3:00 pm? B. A. The dewpoint increased B. The moisture content of the air increased C. The rate of evaporation increased D. The air temperature increased C. 2. The accompanying chart shows the air temperature and the dewpoint temperature near the ground at a given location for four consecutive days. All temperatures were recorded at noon. Day Air ( C) Dewpoint ( C) D. Which statement is best supported by the data? A. Relative humidity was highest on day 1. B. The greatest amount of water vapor was in the atmosphere on day 2. C. The base level for cloud formation was highest on day 3. D. The chance of precipitation was greatest on day 4. page 1

2 4. Which weather change usually occurs when the difference between the air temperature and the dewpoint temperature is decreasing? 8. The incomplete flowchart below shows some of the changes that occur in warm air as it rises to form a cloud. A. The amount of cloud cover decreases. B. The probability of precipitation decreases. C. The relative humidity increases. D. The barometric pressure increases. Which statement should be placed in the empty box to accurately complete the flowchart? A. The air warms as it expands. B. The air cools until it reaches the dewpoint. C. The air s relative humidity decreases to zero. 5. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph below. The graph shows air temperature and relative humidity at a single location during a 24-hour period. D. The air enters the thermosphere. 9. The accompanying graph shows the maximum possible amounts of water vapor that air can hold at different temperatures. At which time would the rate of evaporation most likely be greatest? A. 11 pm B. 6 am C. 10 am D. 4 pm 6. A student uses a sling psychrometer outdoors on a clear day. The dry-bulb (air) temperature is 10 C. The water on the wet bulb will most likely A. condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be higher than the air temperature B. condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to the air temperature What is the approximate maximum amount of water vapor that a cubic meter of air can hold at 20 C? A. 15 g B. 20 g C. 25 g D. 30 g C. evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be lower than the air temperature D. evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to the air temperature 10. During which phase change of water is the most energy released into the environment? 7. What is the dewpoint if the relative humidity is 100% and the air temperature is 20 C? A. water freezing B. ice melting C. water evaporating D. water vapor condensing A. 0 C B. 10 C C. 20 C D. 100 C page 2

3 11. The flowchart shows part of Earth s water cycle. The question marks indicate a part of the flowchart that has been deliberately left blank. 13. The letters A through D in the cross section below represent four of the processes that are part of the water cycle. Which process should be shown in place of the question marks to best complete the flowchart? A. condensation B. deposition C. evaporation D. infiltration Which table correctly matches each letter with the process that it represents? 12. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the water cycle diagram shown below. Some arrows are numbered 1 through 4 and represent various processes. A. Letter Process A condensation C transpiration D evaporation C. Letter Process A transpiration C evaporation D condensation B. Letter Process A evaporation B condensation C precipitation D transpiration D. Letter Process A condensation C evaporation D transpiration The clouds have formed primarily because moist air A. rises, expands, and cools B. rises, expands, and warms C. sinks, compresses, and cools D. sinks, compresses, and warms 14. Which weather variable can be determined by using a psychrometer? A. barometric pressure B. cloud cover C. relative humidity D. wind speed page 3

4 15. The weather instrument below is used to determine dewpoint and relative humidity. 16. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the graph below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The graph shows variations in air temperature and relative humidity for a spring day in Oswego, New York. What was the approximate relative humidity at 6:00 pm? A. 11% B. 47% C. 59% D. 71% Based on the temperatures shown, the approximate dewpoint and relative humidity are 17. At what time did the air most likely have the greatest capacity to hold water vapor? A. 5 am B. 10 am C. 5 pm D. 10 pm A. 19 C and 4% B. 5 C and 25% C. 8 C and 40% D. 12 C and 53% 18. On a very hot summer afternoon, the air over Long Island is warmer than the air over the nearby ocean. As a result, the air over Long Island tends to A. sink and cool,causing clouds to form B. sink and warm, causing clouds to disappear C. rise and cool, causing clouds to form D. rise and warm, causing clouds to disappear page 4

5 19. The accompanying cartoon shows a humorous view of a weather phenomenon. 22. Which processes of the water cycle return water vapor directly to the atmosphere? A. evaporation and transpiration B. infiltration and capillarity C. freezing and precipitation D. water retention and runoff Rain fell from the clouds because A. too few condensation nuclei were in the cloud B. the cloud s water droplets combined and became large enough to fall C. evaporation in the upper portion of the cloud caused the cloud to become smaller and squeezed water out D. the temperature in the cloud rose above the dewpoint 23. During the summer in Maine, fog sometimes forms. Fog is best described as A. ice crystals. B. rain. C. snow. D. water droplets. 20. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph, which shows the changes in relative humidity and air temperature during a spring day in Washington, D.C. 24. The following tables show the weekly forecasts for several days during the summer and winter in Greenville, Mississippi. Which statement best describes the relationship between relative humidity and air temperature as shown by the graph? A. Relative humidity decreases as air temperature decreases. B. Relative humidity decreases as air temperature increases. C. Relative humidity increases as air temperature increases. D. Relative humidity remains the same as air temperature decreases. Forecast During a Week in the Summer High Low Humidity Precipitation (inches) Wind Speed (mph) Monday % Tuesday % Wednesday % Thursday % High Forecast During a Week in the Winter Low Humidity Precipitation (inches) Wind Speed (mph) Monday % Tuesday % Wednesday % Thursday % Which statement describes the weather for Greenville, Mississippi? A. Greater humidity during the summer 21. A container of water is placed in an open outdoor area so that the evaporation rate can be observed. The water will most likely evaporate fastest when the weather is B. More precipitation during the winter C. Higher temperatures during the winter D. Faster wind speeds during the summer A. cool, humid, and windy B. cool, dry, and calm C. warm, humid, and calm D. warm, dry, and windy page 5