Extreme Weather. Extreme weather has always been a part of Utah

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1 Climate Notes

2 Extreme Weather Extreme weather has always been a part of Utah Floods Severe storms Wind 1920 Lehi hail storm killed birds and chickens 1971 Farmington wind storm

3 Climate vs. Weather Climate: the weather pattern at a specific location over a period of years. Weather: the conditions at a specific time and place. Temperature Precipitation Wind Sunshine Humidity

4 This Week s Weather vs. Climate Climate: Weather: m/weather/monthly /l/usut0078:1:us

5 What Determines a Climate? Climate is mainly temperature and precipitation Latitude Wind Elevation Topography (physical features)

6 World Climate Zones There are three major climate zones Tropical Temperate Polar The three major zones split into subzones

7 U.S. Climate Zones The climate zones of the U.S. range from tropical to desert This map shows nine climate zones

8 Utah Climate Zones Utah has three climate zones: Highland (mountain) Desert Steppe (about 50% of state) Most people in Utah live in Steppe climate

9 How Much Water Does Utah Get? Nevada is the driest state (9.5 ) Utah is the second driest (12.2 ) Wettest state: Hawaii (63.7 ) Louisiana (60.1 )

10 Our Water Supply Most of our water comes from the Pacific Ocean traveling more than 600 miles across California and Nevada The Wasatch Front receives about inches of rain per year Deserts get less than 10 Farmington is not a desert, but it s close it is a steppe climate.

11

12 How Do Mountains Affect Orographic Lift: an air mass is forced up which causes the mass to cool. A cooler air mass can hold less water, causing precipitation. Precipitation?

13 Why is Utah Dry Storms form over the Pacific Ocean As they lift over the Sierra-Nevada Mountains most of the moisture precipitates in California This leaves little water for Utah

14 Orographic Lift Something similar happens in Utah as storms approach the Wasatch Mountains The Western side of the mountains gets most of the water

15 How Does Weather Radar Work Radar sends waves out and receives them back about every 5-10 minutes Can cover about 140 miles from the station

16 U.S. Radar Coverage

17 Location of Weather Radar- Northern Utah

18 Northern Utah Station

19 Southern Utah Station

20 Lake Effect Sometimes moisture is added to storms by a Lake Effect from the Great Salt Lake It does not always happen, but when it does it adds moisture to storms

21 Great Salt Lake Lake Effect A-Lake effect storm with no other precipitation B-Lake effect happening at the same time as other precipitation

22 A lake effect occurs when a strong, cold, northwesterly wind blows across a relatively warm lake. Lake Effect

23 Lake Effect Radar loop from Buffalo, NY October, 2006 Notice the continual formation of lake effect snow over Lake Erie as the storm moves in on the city of Buffalo

24 Buffalo October 2006

25 Lake Effect Great Lakes Area November 2014

26 November 2014

27 Lake Effect The salt in the Great Salt Lake reduces its lake effect It can still add a couple of feet of snow to storms that reach the Wasatch Mountains

28 Temperature Utah s average temperature is 48.6 (ranked 32 nd ) Hottest states are Florida (70.7 ) and Hawaii (70.0 ) Coldest states are Alaska (26.6 ) and N. Dakota (40.4 )

29 Average Annual Temperature Map

30 Utah is Getting Warmer Over the last 120 years, Utah s average has risen about Annual (46-49 ) Winter (26-28 ) Summer (67-70 )

31 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen (state tree)

32 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir

33 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir Rocky Mtn. Juniper

34 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir Rocky Mtn. Juniper Box Elder

35 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir Rocky Mtn. Juniper Box Elder Canyon Maple

36 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir Rocky Mtn. Juniper Box Elder Canyon Maple Scrub Oak

37 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous plants to Northern Utah Quaking Aspen Douglas Fir Rocky Mtn. Juniper Box Elder Canyon Maple Scrub Oak Peachleaf Willow

38 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash

39 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood

40 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood Hoptree

41 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood Hoptree Wavyleaf Oak

42 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood Hoptree Wavyleaf Oak Ponderosa Pine

43 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood Hoptree Wavyleaf Oak Ponderosa Pine Pinyon Pine

44 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous trees to Southern Utah Dwarf Ash Freemont Cottonwood Hoptree Wavyleaf Oak Ponderosa Pine Pinyon Pine California Redbud

45 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat

46 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit

47 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk

48 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk Coyote

49 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk Coyote Raccoon

50 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk Coyote Raccoon Mountain Lion

51 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk Coyote Raccoon Mountain Lion Moose

52 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Northern Utah Big Brown Bat White-tailed Jackrabbit Uinta Chipmunk Coyote Raccoon Mountain Lion Moose Mule Deer

53 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer

54 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog

55 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog Bald Eagle

56 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog Bald Eagle Golden Eagle

57 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog Bald Eagle Golden Eagle Peregrine Falcon

58 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog Bald Eagle Golden Eagle Peregrine Falcon Harris Hawk

59 Climate Determines the Plants and Animals of an Area Indigenous animals to Southern Utah Mule Deer Prairie Dog Bald Eagle Golden Eagle Peregrine Falcon Harris Hawk Antelope

60 Where do people live in Utah? Why? Climate Rivers Jobs Transportation Salt Lake City First settled areas Biggest reason: WATER

61 Where do people live in Utah? Cons of living on Wasatch Front: Earthquakes Floods/Mudslides Poor air quality Drought Wildfires Severe weather

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