PROJECT REPORT (ASL 720) CLOUD CLASSIFICATION

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1 PROJECT REPORT (ASL 720) CLOUD CLASSIFICATION SUBMITTED BY- PRIYANKA GUPTA 2011CH70177 RINI KAPOOR 2011CH70179

2 INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION- Priyanka Gupta- analysed data of region considered in India (West:80, North:25, South:20, East:85) mainly Bihar (2011) Rini Kapoor- analysed data of region considered in India (West:77, North:9, South:8, East:78) Mainly Kerala and some part of Tamilnadu (2010) Downloaded data from- Satellite-Terra and Aqua MODIS daily ISCCP CLOUD CLASSIFICATION

3 FIG-1 From observing data and compare it with cloud classification chart we came into following result- 1) In colder months like December and January Cumulus and Stratocumulus clouds covered the sky. This may be due to because cumulus cloud can precipitate snow. By this observation we can say that in months of Dec and Jan there were always a possibility of light precipitation. CUMULUS STRATOCUMULUS JAN,DEC CHART-1 2) From February to May Stratocumulus clouds mainly covered sky. Means fine weather. S T R A T O C U M U L U S C L O U D Feb March April May

4 CHART -2 3) In June there were three types of clouds stratocumulus, Altostratus and deep convective cloud. Altostratus and deep convective produce heavy rain. It means in 2011, monsoon will have been come around 8th June in Bihar. Stratocumulus Altostratus Deepconvection 1-7 June 8-16 June June CHART-3 4) In July month three type of clouds was there deep convection, cirrostratus and altostratus. Cirrostratus clouds do not produce rain but they are precursor of rain. Altostratus Cirrostratus Deepconvention Altostratus 1-12 July July July July

5 CHART-4 5) In August, we got altostratus clouds. Cirrostratus Altostratus 1-19 August August CHART-5 6) In September, altostratus and deep convective clouds were present. We can assume that in September maximum rain fall will have been occurred. We can interpret that monsoon will have been stopped after September.

6 Altostratus Deepconvection 1-5 sep,9-30sep 6,7,8 sep CHART-6 7) From October and November stratocumulus clouds covered the sky, means fine weather. ST R A T O C U MU L U S C L O UD S Oct Nov CHART-7

7 Website referred: Region considered in India (2010) : (West:77 North:9 South:8 East:78) [Kerala and Tamil Nadu] I have taken the MODIS data of cloud optical depth and cloud top pressure of all the 365 days of the year 2010(on a daily basis) and found out the cloud type on each day and have also found out the cloud type according to the MODIS data on a monthly basis. I have taken out the modal cloud (cloud which occurs most often) from the daily MODIS data. I have also found out the cloud type for every month using the data obtained on a monthly basis(mean cloud).i have basically related cloud type to rainfall and have not related cloud type to other phenomena such as cyclone, thunderstorm etc. CLOUD TYPE NUMBER ASSIGNED PRECIPITATION CUMULUS 1 May bring shower STRATOCUMULUS 2 May bring drizzle STRATUS 3 Drizzle ALTOCUMULUS 4 May produce light shower ALTOSTRATUS 5 May bring rain or snow NIMBOSTRATUS 6 Heavier intensity rain or snow CIRRUS 7 No precipitation CIRROSTRATUS 8 Brings rainfall DEEP CONVECTION 9 Brings rainfall In the given region chosen there are two types of monsoon- South west monsoon(june to September) North east monsoon(october to December) Kerala gets most of its rainfall from the south west monsoon. Tamil Nadu-This is also the lone meteorological sub division of India where rainfall realized during North east monsoon is significantly more than that during the southwest monsoon season. It is the major beneficiary of north east monsoon. On the basis of figure 1, we can see that cloud type 8 and cloud type 5 are responsible for bringing rainfall whereas from figure 2, we see that cloud type 8 is responsible for bringing rainfall. There is a slight difference in the conclusions from the two figures. % error (assuming the figure 2 to be of more practical significance) In figure 1, (from June to September) 5 are cloud type 8 and 2 are of cloud type 5.In figure 2, all 7 are of cloud type 8.

8 Cloud type =1-(5/7) = 28% Series1 Series jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec CHART-8. Cloud type classification based on the monthly MODIS CTP and COD data Series1 Series CHART-9. Cloud type classification based on the daily MODIS CTP and COD data.

9 In the region considered most of the rainfall occurs due to cloud types 5 and 8 i.e. altostratus and cirrostratus clouds. From the data put up on the website of Indian Meteorological Department, it is seen that in both the states most of the rainfall occurs in the month of July which is in perfect coherence with the figure 2 which has the maximum fraction of the precipitating cloud. CONCLUSION Time Kerala-Tamil Nadu (Dominant Cloud Type) Bihar (Dominant Cloud Type) January - May Stratocumulus Stratocumulus June -September Cirrostratus Altostratus October-December Cirrostratus Stratocumulus We can see that there are different cloud types in the two regions. This may be due to several factors such as different times of onset and withdrawal of monsoon, different levels of pollution, different geographical characteristics etc. We could relate cloud type to several other natural phenomena such as cyclones, thunderstorm etc. But we couldn t do that because of time and human resources constraints. Reference:

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