Name: Regents Earth Science. Weather and Climate - Review Questions

Transcription

1 Name: Regents Earth Science Weather and Climate - Review Questions Date: Thayer People sometimes release substances into the atmosphere to increase the probability of rain by A) raising the air temperature within the clouds B) providing condensation nuclei C) lowering the relative humidity within the clouds D) increasing the energy absorbed during condensation and sublimation 2. The diagram below shows weather instruments A and B. Which table correctly indicates the name of the weather instrument and the weather variable that it measures? A) B) C) D) 3. A barometric pressure of millibars is equal to how many inches of mercury? A) B) C) D) 30.50

2 4. Monsoons develop as a result of A) large changes between the temperatures of a continent and neighboring oceans B) a continent and neighboring oceans having nearly the same temperatures C) air rising over Earth's equatorial region D) air sinking over Earth's polar regions 5. The diagram below shows the isolines of air pressure around a low-pressure center. On which side of the low-pressure center will the wind speed be greatest? 9. The cross section below represents four locations on a mountain. The arrow indicates the prevailing wind direction. A) north B) south C) east D) west 6. The air-pressure field map below represents a high-pressure system over the central United States. Isobars show the air pressure, in millibars. Letters A through E represent locations on Earth's surface. Which location has the warmest and most arid climate? A) A B) B C) C D) D Between which two locations is the wind speed greatest? A) A and B B) B and C C) C and D D) D and E 7. What is the relative humidity when the dry-bulb temperature is 16 C and the wet-bulb temperature is 14 C? A) 90% B) 80% C) 14% D) 13% 8. Dry areas caused by sinking air and diverging surface winds are located at which two latitudes? A) 0 and 30 N B) 0 and 60 S C) 30 N and 30 S D) 60 N and 60 S

3 10. Weather station models for three New York State cities on the same day at the same time are shown below. 11. Which cross section best shows the normal movement of the air over Oswego, New York, on a very hot summer afternoon? A) B) C) D) Which map shows the front that was most likely passing through Rochester at that time? A) B) C) D)

4 12. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below, which shows the locations of a high-pressure center (H) and a low-pressure center (L) over a portion of North America. The isolines indicate surface air pressures. The arrows on which map best show the pattern of surface winds around these two pressure centers? A) B) C) D)

5 13. Various weather conditions at LAX Airport in Los Angeles are shown on the station model below. What were the barometric pressure and weather conditions at the airport at the time of the observation? A) mb of pressure and smog B) mb of pressure and a clear sky C) mb of pressure and smog D) mb of pressure and a clear sky 14. A map of the United States is shown below. Weather conditions in which location would be of most interest to a person predicting the next day's weather for New York State? A) A B) B C) C D) D

6 15. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below, which shows a low-pressure system over the eastern United States. Letters A through D represent weather stations. Which station model correctly represents the barometric pressure at station A? A) B) C) D)

7 16. The table below shows the latitude and the average yearly temperature for four different cities. 20. The cross section below shows a sea breeze blowing from the ocean toward the land. The air pressure at the land surface is 1013 millibars. It can be inferred from this table that the cities at higher latitudes have A) lower average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a higher angle during the year B) lower average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a lower angle during the year C) higher average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a higher angle during the year D) higher average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a lower angle during the year 17. Which two processes lead to cloud formation in rising air? A) compressing and cooling B) compressing and warming C) expanding and cooling D) expanding and warming 18. Which ocean current warms the climate of northwestern Europe? A) North Atlantic Current B) Canary Current C) North Equatorial Current D) Labrador Current 19. Which natural event temporarily slows or reverses surface ocean currents in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean, causing a disruption of normal weather patterns? A) monsoons B) volcanic eruptions C) El Niño D) deforestation The air pressure at the ocean surface a few miles from the shore is most likely A) 994 mb B) 1005 mb C) 1013 mb D) 1017 mb 21. A psychrometer is used to determine which weather variables? A) wind speed and wind direction B) percentage of cloud cover and cloud height C) air pressure and air temperature D) relative humidity and dewpoint 22. The map below shows high-pressure and low-pressure weather systems in the United States. Which two lettered positions on the map are most likely receiving precipitation? A) A and B B) B and D C) C and E D) A and D

8 23. Which map below shows the most likely storm track for a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean? A) B) C) D)

9 24. The map of North America below shows the source region of an air mass forming mostly over Mexico. This air mass originating over Mexico is classified as A) continental polar B) continental tropical C) maritime polar D) maritime tropical 25. An observer measured the air temperature and the dewpoint and found the difference between them to be 12 C. One hour later, the difference between the air temperature and the dewpoint was found to be 4 C. Which statement best describes the changes that were occurring? A) The relative humidity was decreasing and the chance of precipitation was decreasing. B) The relative humidity was decreasing and the chance of precipitation was increasing. C) The relative humidity was increasing and the chance of precipitation was decreasing. D) The relative humidity was increasing and the chance of precipitation was increasing.

10 26. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below and on your knowledge of Earth Science. The map shows a low-pressure system with two fronts extending from its center (L). Points A, B, C, and D represents locations on Earth's surface. Two different air masses are labeled. Which cross section best represents the frontal boundary (fb) and general pattern of air movements between locations C and D? A) B) C) D) 27. As warm, moist air moves into a region, barometric pressure readings in the region will generally A) decrease B) increase C) remain the same 28. Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling air pressure? A) Humidity is decreasing. B) Temperature is decreasing. C) Skies are clearing. D) A storm is approaching.

11 29. The map below shows surface air temperatures, in degrees Fahrenheit, reported by weather stations in the north-central United States. Letter X represents an air mass moving in the direction shown by the arrow. A line marks a frontal boundary advancing in a southeasterly direction. Which weather-map symbols best represent air-mass X and the frontal boundary shown on the map? A) B) C) D) 30. A city located on the coast of North America has warmer winters and cooler summers than a city at the same elevation and latitude located near the center of North America. Which statement best explains the difference between the cities climates? A) Ocean surfaces change temperature more slowly than land surfaces. B) Warm, moist air rises when it meets cool, dry air. C) Wind speeds are usually greater over land surfaces than over ocean surfaces. D) Ocean surfaces have a lower specific heat than land surfaces.