CLIMATE. UNIT TWO March 2019
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1 CLIMATE UNIT TWO March 2019
2 OUTCOME 9.2.1Demonstrate an understanding of the basic features of Canada s landscape and climate. identify and locate major climatic regions of Canada explain the characteristics of Canada s climatic regions and account for the variation among them
3 TEXTBOOKS You will need a textbook today. Share with the person sitting next to you.
4 WEATHER & CLIMATE Weather: the combination of events in the atmosphere (day-to-day). Meteorology: the science of weather
5 WEATHER & CLIMATE Climate: the average patterns of weather conditions over the long term. Summer Days Rainy Warm Canadian Climate Hot and sunny in summer (40 C) Cold and snowy in winter Sunny
6 VIDEO A History of Earth s Climate (11:19)
7 PRACTICE Which of the following examples are weather? Which are climate? 1. An early frost damaged the strawberries. 2. Spring usually begins much later in New Brunswick than in Ontario. 3. The snow melted during a January thaw this year. 4. High summer humidity causes a lot of summer thunderstorms. 5. Yesterday there were two thunderstorms. 6. A July heatwave last year made it almost 40 C for a week.
8 WEATHER & CLIMATE Hot Climate is what we expect. Dry Rain Weather is what we get. Frost Humid Cold Wind Storm
9 ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE Latitude The sun shines on the earth most directly at the equator. The farther north or south you go, the less directly the sun reaches the earth. This means higher latitudes are cooler.
10 ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE Air Masses & Winds Canada s weather changes as a result of the changing pattern of air masses. Air masses tend to move west east in Canada. Handout Air Masses
11 Use p. 32 of your textbook to label and add information to your handout. ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE
12 ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE Maritime Tropical: warm water makes the air warm and moist. Maritime Polar: cold water makes the air cold and moist. Continental Arctic: cold land makes the air cold and dry. Continental Tropical: desert makes the air hot and dry.
13 FOUR ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE Ocean Currents & Landforms Ocean currents move heat and cold around the world. When air passes over an ocean current, the temperature of the air is influenced by the temperature of the water below.
14 FOUR ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE Clouds & Precipitation Clouds: masses of suspended solid or liquid particles. Precipitation: any form of water, either liquid or solid, that falls from the clouds and reaches the ground.
15 FOUR ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE What causes precipitation? The air cools and reaches its dew point. Dew point: temperature at which condensation occurs. Water vapor condenses into water droplets cloud forms. Particles inside cloud collide increase in size. Heavy particles fall to earth.
16 CLIMATE REGIONS IN CANADA Use the textbook to find information about the following climate regions in Canada (p ). A Tropical B Dry Climates C Warm, moist climates D Cool, moist climates E Polar Climates
17 CLIMATE REGIONS IN CANADA A Tropical: Canada does not have any. B Dry Climates: more evaporation than precipitation. Some are warm, and some are cool. C Warm, moist climates: warm, humid summers and mild winters. Precipitation throughout the year, but some areas are cool and dry in the summer. D Cool, moist climates: most of Canada. Western parts have warm, humid summers. Eastern have cooler summers and more precipitation. Northern parts have very short summers. E Polar Climates: two types, both very cold and dry.
18 REGIONAL FACTORS Use p (Regional Factors) to add the following elements of climate to your notes: Altitude Bodies of Water Mountain Barriers For each, explain: A. What is it? B. How does it affect climate?
19 CLIMATE RESPONSE Write a paragraph that discusses the following: What is your favourite season in Canada? Why? Provide convincing evidence to get me to agree with you. Refer to at least two elements of climate in your response. Value: 10 marks
20 END
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