Name: Period : Jaguar Review #10

Transcription

1 Name: Period : Earth & Space Sciences Benchmark B & C Jaguar Review #10 1. The most common element in living organisms is carbon. As new plants and animals grow, a great deal of carbon is required. Where does most of the Earth s available carbon come from? A. New carbon molecules are constantly being constructed from inorganic compounds. B. Carbon is cycled back into Earth s system from dead organisms. C. Carbon enters Earth s system with the energy from the sun. D. There is an enormous amount of carbon that has been stored in Earth s soil. 2. Which of the following technologies has most affected the ability of astronomers to analyze information about our galaxy, the Milky Way? A. telescopes B. microscopes C. Refractive mirrors D. computers 3. If a forest suddenly loses all of its decomposers, which of the following would you expect to decrease? A. The amount of nutrients in the soil B. The death rate of larger animals C. The ability of water to cycle through the system D. The amount of organic material on the soil s surface 4. Our solar system has a sun and nine planets. The third planet, Earth, is covered mostly in water and supports life. Which feature of our solar system would you most likely find in a solar system millions of light-years away? A. water B. life C. Nine planets D. A sun 5. Nitrogen is one of the most common elements on the planet. What is meant by the phrase nitrogen fixation? A. Nitrogen is converted form a gas form to a form that organisms can use. B. Bonds between nitrogen atoms are repaired to increase stability. C. Nitrogen is released into the atmosphere by plants. D. Nitrogen is consumed by aquatic organisms.

2 Use the following information to answer questions 6-8. Cassie and Thomas are helping plan their family s vacation route from Seattle, Washington, to Los Angeles, California. The family will drive south along the coast. Cassie and Thomas found the weather map shown below in their local newspaper. Together, they used the map to interpret the weather conditions in the United States for the day of their trip. 6. What do the H letters on the map stand for? A. hot temperatures B. humid C. hail D. High pressure 7. What kind of front will Cassie and Thomas cross on their way from Seattle to Los Angeles? A. A stationary front B. A cold front C. A warm front D. An occluded front 8. The half-circle or triangles are placed on the side of the line in the direction the front is moving. Which direction is the cold front that stretches across the United States from Texas up to New England moving? A. northeast B. northwest C. southeast D. southwest 9. What occurs during the process of condensation in the water cycle? A. a change in state from liquid to gas B. a change in state from gas to liquid C. a change in state from liquid to solid D. a change in state from solid to liquid

3 10. The graph below represents the relationship between the amount of spring rainfall recorded at a pond and the number of frogs in that pond. The data were collected over five spring seasons. What is the difference between the number of frogs in the pond when the rainfall was 5 cm and when the rainfall was 20 cm? A. 20 B. 40 C. 50 D How does most of the water in the water cycle move from lakes and rivers directly back into the atmosphere? A. respiration B. precipitation C. condensation D. evaporation 12. On a weather map, what does the following symbol represent? A. cold front B. warm front C. high pressure system D. stationary front 13. Strong winds blowing up through thunderstorm clouds are called updrafts. These updrafts can send raindrops to high altitudes where the raindrops freeze. More updrafts may keep the frozen raindrops suspended at high altitudes where additional layers of ice may be added. When the weight of the frozen rain is too heavy to stay in the updraft, it falls to the ground. This is an example of which form of precipitation? A. snow B. rain C. hail D. sleet

4 14. In the water cycle, the Sun's heat provides energy to evaporate water from the Earth's surface (oceans, lakes, etc.). The water vapor eventually condenses, forming tiny droplets in clouds. When the clouds meet cool air over land, precipitation (rain, sleet, or snow) is triggered, and water returns to the land (or sea). The water flows downhill as runoff (above ground or underground), eventually returning to the seas as slightly salty water. And then the cycle starts over. Droughts, periods of time with below average rainfall, result from a lack of precipitation. Imagine an area along the coast that normally receives rain clouds that develop over the ocean and move in toward land. If this coastal area is currently experiencing a drought, how would a decrease in evaporation from the ocean affect the drought? A. Evaporation is not an essential part of the water cycle and would not affect a drought. B. It would cause the surface water to stay on the land rather than run off and accumulate in rivers and oceans. C. It would cause an increase in condensation, cloud formation and precipitation. D. It would mean that there would be less water vapor available to condense into clouds and the drought would continue. 15. How does most of the water in the water cycle move from lakes and rivers directly back into the atmosphere? A. respiration B. precipitation C. condensation D. evaporation 16. What does a circle graph show? A. How an object changes over time. B. How many pieces of data are found in a data set. C. How a whole is broken into parts. D. How one piece of data compares to other pieces of data.

5 17. Study the line graph above. What relationship does the graph reveal? A. Respiratory rate increases as exercise intensity increases. B. Respiratory rate is directly related to heart rate. C. There is no relationship between respiratory rate and exercise intensity. D. Respiratory rate decreases as exercise intensity increases. 18. What are the narrow belts of fast-moving air at the higher levels of the troposphere called? A. doldrums B. rip currents C. jet streams D. hurricanes 19. What type of weather is a warm front most likely to produce? A. thunderstorms B. strong winds C. clear skies D. light rain 20. In which layer of the atmosphere does our weather occur? A. thermosphere B. stratosphere C. exosphere D. troposphere